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1.
J Fr Ophtalmol ; 44(2): 145-150, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33413987

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, we have witnessed a world-wide lock-down of the population. This government action combined with the application of social distancing should in principle reduce the frequency of occurrence of ocular injuries. The goal of our work is to try to understand the circumstances of the occurrence of ocular injuries at the IOTA Teaching Hospital during the lock-down period of the COVID-19 health crisis. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. The data were collected prospectively. Our study covered the period from March to May 2020. All consenting patients seen at the IOTA Teaching Hospital for ocular trauma regardless of gender, age, circumstances in which the trauma occurred or the nature of the injuries were included by non-probability sampling. Excluded from the study were patients who did not consent or who consulted for a non-traumatic ophthalmologic condition. RESULTS: There were a total of 138 cases, of which 84 were male and 54 female, for a gender ratio of M/F=1.5. Children aged 0 to 5 years represented more than 3/4 (79.14%) of our sample. Trauma occurred in 45.83% of cases during leisure activities and 3.60% of cases involved domestic violence. DISCUSSION: According to the authors, measures aimed at limiting public movement, particularly the curfews introduced by the Malian government to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, may actually result in trauma. CONCLUSION: Raising public awareness of the social and psychological consequences of lock-down through audiovisual means might significantly reduce the frequency of these ocular traumas.


Assuntos
COVID-19/epidemiologia , Traumatismos Oculares/epidemiologia , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Traumatismos Oculares/etiologia , Traumatismos Oculares/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fotografação , Estudos Prospectivos , Quarentena , Distribuição por Sexo , Adulto Jovem
2.
Mali Med ; 35(1): 11-14, 2020.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37978763

RESUMO

AIM: To determine the frequency of the surgery wound infection, its favoring factors, causative germs and its antibiotic treatment of choice in the surgery "A" department of the University Hospital Point G. METHOD: In a retrospective descriptive study over a 6-month period in the surgery "A" department of the University Hospital Point G, we enrolled all patients who underwent surgery necessitating at least 48 hours of hospital admission during our study period and in conformity with the Atlanta CDC criteria. Surgery patients with less than 48 hours postoperative hospital stay and those admitted to the hospital without surgery were not included.After the surgery, the nature and location of the infection have been clarified. In this work, ethical considerations have been respected and there is no conflict of interest. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty-five (n=265) patient files were collected including 24 cases of surgery wound infection (a hospital frequency of 9%. The average age was 41.41 years (y.o) old with extremes of 7 y.o and 102 y.o. The sex ratio was 0.9 in favor of women. The commonly studied pathologies were digestive surgery in 52.8%, gynecological surgery in 24.5%, etc… Patients were seen in regular outpatient surgery visits in 75.8% and surgical emergencies in 24.2%. Of the patients urgently admitted, 26.5% presented an ISO; for those received in ordinary consultation it was 3.48%. Fifteen (15) cases were classified ASA III and two (2) ASA II. Based on the Altemeier classification, surgery was clean in 66.8% of our patients, contaminated clean in 12.4%, contaminated in 12.1%, and dirty in 8.7% (including half resulting in surgery wound infection). In total, 79% of patients whose surgeries lasted more than two (2) hours presented a surgery wound infection. Postoperative infection of patients was superficial in 58.3% and deep in 33.3%. In 8.3% of cases, it was a space infection. At the cytobacteriological examination of the pus from the operative site, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common germ with 58.3%. E. coli was sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in 57.14%. Surgically, a re-intervention was performed in 20.8% of cases, a secondary suture in 12.5%, and a single dressing in 66.7%. The average postoperative stay was 6.5 days with extremes of 2 days and 69 days. In 3 months postoperatively we recorded 4 cases of death. CONCLUSION: The surgery wound infection constitutes a major complication in a surgical environment starting with surgical act itself.Particular emphasis should be placed on prevention, which will reduce the risks of ISO occurrence.


BUT: déterminer la fréquence des infections du site opératoire (ISO), les facteurs favorisants la survenue des ISO, les germes responsables et les antibiotiques actifssur les infections du site opératoire dans le service chirurgie « A ¼ du CHU du Point G. MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive sur une période de 6 mois réalisée dans le service chirurgie « A ¼ du CHU du Point G. Ont été inclus tous les patients ayant subi une intervention chirurgicale pendant cette période et hospitalisés au moins 48 heures après, et qui ont répondu aux critères du CDC d'Atlanta. N'ont pas été inclus, les patients opérés dont le séjour post opératoire a été inférieur à 48 heures, les patients hospitalisés dans le service mais non opérés, et ceux opérés dans le service et non hospitalisés. En postopératoire la nature et le siège de l'infection ont été précisées. Dans ce travail les considérations éthiques ont été respectées et il n'y a pas de conflit d'intérêt. RÉSULTATS: deux cent soixante-cinq dossiers de patients ont été colligés dont 24 cas d'ISO soit 9% des cas. L'âge moyen a été de 41,41 ans avec des extrêmes de 7ans et 102 ans. Le sex ratio a été de 0,2 en faveur des femmes. Les principales pathologies étudiées ont été la chirurgie digestive dans 52,8%, la chirurgie gynécologique dans 24,5%. La majorité des patients ont été reçus en consultation ordinaire dans 75,8% des cas, et en urgences dans 24,2 %. Parmi les patients reçus en urgence 26,5% ont présenté une ISO ; pour ceux reçus en consultation ordinaire elle a été de 3,48%.Parmi les patients infectés 15 étaient classés ASA III et 2 ASA II. Selon la classification Altemeier, la chirurgie propre a occupé 66,8% des patients, la chirurgie propre contaminée 12,4%, la chirurgie contaminée 12,1%, et la chirurgie sale 8,7%. Parmi les patients opérés de chirurgie sales 50% ont présenté une ISO.L'ISO était présente chez 79% des patients ayant effectué plus de 2 heures d'intervention.En postopératoire l'infection était superficielle chez 58,3% des patients, et profonde chez 33,3% des patients. Dans 8,3% des cas, il s'agissait d'une infection d'espace. A l'examen cytobactériologique du pus Escherichia coli (E coli) avec 58,3% a été le germe le plus fréquent sur le site opératoire. E coli était sensible à l'association amoxicilline - acide clavulanique dans 57,14%. Sur le plan chirurgical une réintervention a été réalisée dans 20,8% des cas, une suture secondaire dans 12,5%, et un pansement seul dans 66,7%. La durée moyenne de séjour post opératoire était de 6,5 jours avec des extrêmes de 2 jours et 69 jours. En 3 mois postopératoire nous avons enregistré 4 cas de décès. CONCLUSION: L'ISO constitue une complication majeure en milieu chirurgical compromettant l'acte chirurgical. Un accent particulier doit être mis sur la prévention qui diminuerai les risques de survenue de l'ISO.

3.
Mali Med ; 34(3): 44-46, 2019.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35897219

RESUMO

Xeroderma pigmentosum is related to a defect of the enzymes involved in repairing the oncogenic effects of ultraviolet exposure. The condition is found all over the world, in all ethnicities and races. This rare genodermatosis is often unknown in countries lacking specialist in dermatology. This scarcity and insufficiency of qualified personnel give rise to difficulties in diagnosing this pathology, especially in West Africa where XP is wrongly diagnosed for other pathologies. Objective: To share with colleagues the problem of diagnosis of Xeroderma pigmentosum in countries with insufficient number of dermatologist and poor technical platform. Observation: 21-year-old man, with no pathological history of dermatosis was seeking for medical consultation because of cutaneous dryness and photophobia. Previous visits at several health centers failed to diagnose the condition and no noticeable improvement was seen from given treatment. Verbal questioning found the notion of consanguinity (his father and his mother are cousins, and belong to the same Dogon group). Cutaneous pigmentary disorders were absent at birth but appeared at the age of 12 years. Physical examination highlighted photophobia in addition to specific clinical and paraclinical signs allowed to diagnose Xeroderma pigmentosum varying type. Conclusion: in West Africa, the challenge of diagnosis of Xeroderma pigmentosum is undoubtedly related to a lack of qualified personnel and technical means of diagnosis, which makes its frequency underestimated.


Le Xéroderma pigmentosum (XP) est lié à un défaut des enzymes impliquées dans la réparation des effets oncogènes de l'exposition aux ultraviolets. L'affection se rencontre dans le monde entier, dans toutes les ethnies et races. Cette génodermatose rare est souvent méconnue dans les pays en manque de spécialiste en dermatologie. Cette rareté de Xeroderma pigmentosum et l'insuffisance de personnel qualifié engendrent des difficultés diagnostiques de cette pathologie surtout en Afrique Occidentale où le XP est diagnostiqué à tort pour d'autres pathologies. OBJECTIF: Partager avec les confrères la problématique de diagnostic de Xéroderma pigmentosum dans les pays en insuffisance de dermatologues et de plateau technique. OBSERVATION: il s'agissait d'un patient de 21 ans, sexe masculin, sans antécédents pathologique de dermatoses, issu d'un mariage consanguin qui a consulté pour sècheresse cutanée et photophobie après un long parcours dans beaucoup des centres de santé de la place sans diagnostic et sans amélioration notable, chez qui l'interrogatoire a retrouvé la notion de consanguinité (son père et sa mère sont des cousins, et provenaient du même clan Dogon),l'absence de troubles pigmentaires cutanées à la naissance et l'apparition des troubles pigmentaires cutanées à l'âge de 16ans. L'examen physique a objectivé la photophobie en plus des signes cliniques et paracliniques specifiques ce qui a permis de retenir le diagnostic de Xéroderma pigmentosum, forme variante. CONCLUSION: en Afrique Occidentale, la difficulté diagnostique de Xéroderma pigmentosum est sans doute en rapport avec un manque de personnel qualifié et des moyens techniques de diagnostic, ce qui rend sa fréquence sous-estimée.

4.
Mali Med ; 33(1): 1-5, 2018.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30484582

RESUMO

AIM: Our aim was to evaluate the diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of the amoebic liver abscesses in the surgery «A¼ department of the University hospital Point "G". PATIENTS AND METHODS: Were included in this study, patients admitted to the surgery «A¼ department for amoebic liver abscess confirmed by a positive amoebic serology and the chocolate appearance of bacteria-free pus. Bacterial liver abscesses were not included into this study. RESULTS: Over a 10-year period, 52 cases of patients diagnosed with amoebic liver abscess were collected in the department. There were 41 men and 11 women, with a sex ratio of 3.7. The mean age was 37.8 years old with extremes of 15 and 66 years. The most represented professions were farmers (36.5%) followed by salesmen (26.7%) and students (11.5%). The average outpatient visit delay time was 18.5 days with the extremes of 5 and 34 days. The most frequent clinical signs were pain in the right hypochondrium (86.5%), fever (78.8%) and hepatomegaly (61.5%). Abdominal ultrasound showed a single located abscess in 44 patients (84.6%) and these abscesses were localized in the right hepatic lobe in 34 patients(65.4%). The average volume of the abscess was 366.5 cm3 with the extremes of 36 cm3 and 1580 cm3. Amoebic serology was positive in 38 patients (80.9%). Cytobacteriological analysis of pus in 37 patients (71%) was negative. Patients underwent an ultrasound assisted needle aspiration of pus in 65.4% he. Laparotomy and a laparoscopic approach were performed in 7.7% and in 5.8%, respectively. The clinical course was uneventfulin 94.2%. The mean hospital stay duration was 16.5 days with the extremes of 4 and 29 days. No death was recorded during hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Amoebic liver abscess is an uncommon pathology in a surgical setting. Abdominal ultrasound andechography guided liver puncture allowed the diagnosis. Laparoscopic approach minimizes the burden of the laparotomy.


BUT: Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer les aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques des abcès amibiens du foie dans le service de chirurgie " A " du CHU du Point G. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Ont été inclus dans cette étude, les patients admis dans le service de chirurgie "A" pour abcès amibien du foie sur la base de la positivité de la sérologie amibienne, de l'aspect chocolat du pus et de l'absence de bactéries dans le pus. Les abcès bactériens ont été exclus de cette étude. RÉSULTATS: En 10 ans, 52 dossiers de patients diagnostiqués pour abcès amibiens du foie ont été colligés dans le service. Il s'est agi de 41 hommes et de 11 femmes soit un sex-ratio de 3,7. L'âge moyen des patients a été de 37,8 ans avec des extrêmes de 15ans et 66 ans. Les professions les plus représentées ont été les cultivateurs (36,5%), les commerçants (26,7%) et les élèves et étudiants (11,5%).Le délai moyen de consultation a été de 18,5 jours avec des extrêmes de 5 jours et 34 jours. Les signes cliniques les plus fréquents ont été la douleur de l'hypochondre droit (86,5%), la fièvre (78,8%) et l'hépatomégalie (61,5%). L'échographie abdominale a objectivé un abcès unique dans 44 cas (84,6%) et l'abcès a été localisé dans le lobe hépatique droit dans 34 cas (65,4%). Le volume moyen de l'abcès était de 366,5cm3 avec des extrêmes de 36 cm3 et 1580cm3. La sérologie amibienne a été positive dans 80,9% (n = 38). La culture a été stérile à l'analyse cytobactériologique du pus dans 37 cas (71%). Une ponction évacuatrice écho-guidée a été réalisée dans 65,4% des cas. La procédure chirurgicale a consisté à réaliser une laparotomie dans 7,7% des cas et un abord coelioscopique dans 5,8%. Les antibiotiques utilisés ont été le métronidazole par voie intraveineuse chez tous les patients, associés à la céftriaxone dans 78,8% (n=41). L'évolution clinique a été favorable dans 94,2%. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation a été de 16,5 jours avec des extrêmes de 4 jours et 29 jours. Aucun décès n'a été constaté pendant l'hospitalisation. CONCLUSION: L'abcès amibien du foie est une pathologie peu fréquente en milieu chirurgical. L'échographie abdominale et la ponction écho-guidée ont permis de poser le diagnostic. Le traitement par abord coelioscopique minimise les inconvénients de la laparotomie.


Assuntos
Abscesso Hepático Amebiano/diagnóstico , Abscesso Hepático Amebiano/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar , Adulto Jovem
5.
Med Sante Trop ; 26(1): 51-6, 2016.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26986093

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to describe the epidemiology of schistosomiasis 10 years after mass administration of praziquantel began in Sotuba, Mali. METHODOLOGY/RESULTS: This observational cross-sectional survey in Sotuba, a periurban village in the Bamako district, took place from July to September 2010 and collected stool and urine samples from residents at least one year old. Kato-Katz (for stool) and urine filtration techniques were used to detect Schistosoma mansoni and S. hæmatobium eggs, respectively. Overall, 335 urine samples and 300 stool samples were examined. The prevalence rate was 5.4% (18/335) for S. hæmatobium and 8.7% (26/300) for S. mansoni. Excretion of these eggs was most frequent in the 6-15 year-old group: 4.8% (16/335) for S. hæmatobium and 7.7% (23/300) for S. mansoni. Snails of the Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bulinus truncatus species were the intermediate hosts, captured in the fields at water contact points. The principal clinical symptoms reported by participants were abdominal pain 27.2% (61/169) and headaches 23.2% (52/169). CONCLUSION: Despite the implementation of mass drug administration in Mali a decade ago, our results show that schistosomiasis transmission continues in Sotuba. Assessment of the risk factors for this persistent transmission is strongly needed.


Assuntos
Esquistossomose Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose Urinária/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mali/epidemiologia , Saúde Suburbana , Fatores de Tempo
6.
Mali Med ; 31(1): 13-17, 2016.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30079658

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical treatment of goiter in the «A¼ surgical department of the Point G University Hospital in Bamako. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective and descriptive study in the «A¼ surgical department of the Point G University Hospital from January 2007 to August 2014. Included in the study were all the patients operated for goiter. The patients who underwent surgery for other thyroid diseases were not selected. Postoperatively patients were followed for one year. The sociodemographic, clinical, para-clinical, therapeutic aspects and the postoperative course were the study parameters. Data analysis was performed on SPSS 21. The Chi square test was used for statistical analysis. A p-value inferior to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 378 patients' records were collected. Thyroidectomy represented 6.2% (378 cases) over 6027 operations. The mean age was 41.29 years with a standard deviation of 13.58. Extremes were 3 and 85 years. The sex ratio was 7.22 in favor of women. The frequent reason for consultation was due to antero-cervical tumor with 97.07% of cases (n = 367). We identified 118 cases (31.22%) of goiter in cooled hyperthyroidism patients, 211 cases (55.82%) of euthyroid goiter, 7 cases (1.85%) of the thyroid neoplasia and one case (0.3%) of hypothyroidism goiter. Pathological histology helped to highlight a micro-vesicular macro adenoma in 16.1% of cases (61 patients); adenocarcinoma in 0.7% of cases (3 patients) and papillary carcinoma in 1.1% of patients (4 patients). The patients classified as ASA I and ASA II represented the majority with respectively 248 cases (65.60%) and 120 cases (31.74%). The most performed surgical techniques were subtotal thyroidectomy (n=181; 49.7%), the isthmo-lobectomy (126; 33.3%), total thyroidectomy (n=11; 2.9%) and sternotomy in one case of endothoracic goiter. Intraoperative complications were marked by hemorrhage in 12.7% of cases (45 patients). The postoperative one month follow up was uneventful in 91.79% (n = 347) and transient recurrent nerve injury was found in 2% of cases (1 patient). In one year follow up the postoperative outcome was good in 94.17% (n = 356) of patients. The mean hospital stay was 4.18 days. Six deaths were recorded (1.7%). CONCLUSION: Goiter surgery is relatively common in the surgery 'A' department of the Point G University hospital. Good patient preparation and a better postoperative monitoring could help to minimize postoperative complications.


Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer la prise en charge chirurgicale des goitres dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du Point G, à Bamako. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive menée dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du POINT G, de Janvier 2007 à Août 2014. Ont été inclus dans l'étude tous les patients reçus et opérés pour goitre. N'ont pas été retenus les patients opérés pour un kyste du tractus thyréoglosse, les abcès cervicaux, les traumatismes du cou, et les dossiers incomplets. Les patients ont été suivis pendant un an en postopératoire. Les aspects sociodémographiques, cliniques, para cliniques, thérapeutiques, ainsi que les suites opératoires ont été les paramètres d'étude. L'analyse des données a été effectuée sur le logiciel SPSS version 21. Le test statistique utilisé a été le Khi 2. Une valeur de p< 0,05 a été considérée comme statistiquement significative. RÉSULTATS: Un total de 378 dossiers de patients ont été colligés. La thyroïdectomie a représenté 6,2% (378 cas) sur 6027 interventions. L'âge moyen était de 41,99 ans avec un écart type de 13,58. Les extrêmes étaient de 3 ans et 85 ans. Le sex ratio était de 7,22 en faveur du sexe féminin. La tuméfaction antero-cervicale était le motif de consultation le plus fréquent avec 97,07% des cas (n= 367). Nous avons recensé 118 cas (31,22%) de goitre en hyperthyroïdie refroidie, 211 cas (55,82%) de goitre euthyroïdien, 7 cas (1,85%) de néoplasie de la thyroïde, un cas (0,3%) d'hypothyroïdie. L'histologie a permis de mettre en évidence un adénome micro-macro vésiculaire dans 16,1% des cas (61 patients); un adénocarcinome dans 0,7% des cas (3 patients); un carcinome papillaire dans 1,1% des cas (4 patients). Les patients de classe ASA I et ASA II étaient majoritaires avec respectivement (248 cas; 65,60%, et 120 cas; 31,74%). Les techniques chirurgicales les plus réalisées étaient la thyroïdectomie subtotale (181; 49,7%), l'isthmo-lobectomie (126; 33,3%), une thyroïdectomie totale (11; 2,9%); une sternotomie dans un cas de goitre endothoracique. Une hémorragie était notée dans 12,7% des cas (45 patients) en peropératoire. Les suites opératoires à un mois étaient simples dans 91,79% (n=347) et une lésion transitoire du nerf récurrent dans 2% des cas (1 patient). Les suites opératoires à un an étaient simples chez 94,17% (n=356) des patients. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation était de 4,18 jours. Six décès ont été enregistrés (1,7%). CONCLUSION: La chirurgie des goitres est relativement fréquente dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du POINT G. Une bonne préparation et une meilleure surveillance post opératoire pourraient aider à minimiser les complications post opératoires.

7.
East Afr Med J ; 82(8): 396-402, 2005 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16261915

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To assess insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) use, other malaria prevention measures, knowledge of malaria and diffusion of information about ITNs by the National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) in Mali. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING: Four villages in Mopti region, Mali that had participated in the Mopti Regional Malaria Control Program (MRMCP) ITN Education Programme five years prior. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred thirty nine randomly-selected households. Within each household, mothers of children one to nine years of age were interviewed regarding knowledge of malaria and prevention practices. RESULTS: Overall, 11% of households used ITNs, with 97% of these in two villages. Ninety eight percent of households used bednets, 22% used insecticide sprays and 39% used mosquito coils. Significant predictors of ITNs use were: head of household literacy, larger family size, Bambara ethnicity, hearing about the NMCP and hearing about ITNs from health agents. Reasons why ITNs were not used included not knowing anything about ITNs, cost and not having net impregnation services readily available in the village. Levels of knowledge concerning malaria disease, transmission and prevention varied amongst the four villages. ITN households had significantly higher levels of knowledge about malaria and its prevention. CONCLUSION: Five years after the implementation of the MRMCP, ITNs use was low and diffusion of malaria prevention information was unequal among villages. Future efforts in improving the programme must recognise these differences in knowledge and ITNs utilisation and make village-specific changes that are acceptable for each village.


Assuntos
Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/métodos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Malária/prevenção & controle , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Adolescente , Adulto , Roupas de Cama, Mesa e Banho , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Inseticidas , Entrevistas como Assunto , Mali , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenvolvimento de Programas
8.
Mali Med ; 30(1): 11-13, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927151

RESUMO

AIM: to evaluate the contribution of laparoscopic surgery in the management of chronic abdominal pains of unspecified etiology. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted over a period of 49 months (March 2008 to March 2012), in the surgery A service of the Point G university hospital. RESULTS: 52 patients suffering from chronic abdominal pain for 3 months have been listed. There were 36 women and 16 men, with a sex-ratio of 2.25. The pathologies found in laparoscopy were: 16 cases of adherences, 16 cases of gynaecological diseases, 6 cases of chronic appendicitis, 5 cases of chronic cholecystitis, 6 cases of abdominal tumors and 3 cases of intrauterine contraceptives in abdomen. Conversion to laparotomy was not made and mortality was null. No lesion was found in 11.54% of cases. The mean duration of hospitalization was 2 days. The duration of follow-up of the patients was 18 months with a minimum of 6 months and a maximum of 24 months. No painful symptomatology was found in 6 months in 88.46% of the cases. Persistent stomach pains were found in 3% of the cases. 8.54% of the patients had an improvement of symptomatology. CONCLUSION: Chronic abdominal pains put a diagnosis problem in surgery. Laparoscopy is a reference technique to diagnose this pain and to discuss them.


BUT: évaluer l'apport de la chirurgie laparoscopique dans la prise en charge des douleurs abdominales chroniques d'étiologie indéterminée. MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive sur une période de 49 mois (mars 2008 à mars 2012), dans le service de chirurgie A du CHU du point G. RÉSULTATS: 52 patients souffrant de douleur abdominale depuis 3 mois ont été recensés. Il s'agissait de 36 femmes et 16 hommes soit un sex-ratio de 2,25. Les pathologies retrouvées à la laparoscopie étaient : 16 cas d'adhérences, 16 cas d'affections gynécologiques (hydrosalpinx, kystes dermoïdes, salpingites, endométriose externe), 6 cas d'appendicites chroniques, 5 cas cholécystites chroniques, 6 cas de tumeurs abdominales et 3 cas de stérilet intra-abdominal. Aucune conversion n'a été effectuée. La mortalité était nulle. Aucune lésion n'a été retrouvée dans 11,54% des cas (N=6cas). La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation était de 2 jours. La durée moyenne de suivi des patients était de 18 mois avec des extrêmes de 6 mois et 24 mois. 6 mois après l'intervention aucune symptomatologie douloureuse n'a été retrouvée dans 46 cas (88,46%), des douleurs abdominales persistantes ont été retrouvées dans 3% (N=2cas) et 5 patients (8,54%) avaient une nette amélioration de la symptomatologie douloureuse. CONCLUSION: Les douleurs abdominales chroniques posent un problème de diagnostic en chirurgie. La laparoscopie est une des techniques de référence indiquée pour diagnostiquer et traiter ces douleurs.

9.
Acta Trop ; 68(2): 175-82, 1997 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9386792

RESUMO

Although a protective effect against malaria has been demonstrated for several hemoglobin variants, no selective factor is established for the high incidence of HbC in regions of West Africa. Here we report a survey of hemoglobin profiles among children admitted with symptomatic and severe malaria to the Gabriel Touré Hospital in Bamako, Mali, where the frequency of the HbC gene is 8-10%. Children with AC and AA profiles presented with severe malaria at comparable rates, indicating lack of protection by the heterozygous state. Two admitted children, one of whom presented with cerebral malaria, were found to have SC profiles. No CC homozygotes were detected in the study cohort.


Assuntos
Hemoglobina C/genética , Malária/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hemoglobina A/genética , Hemoglobina Falciforme/genética , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Mali/epidemiologia
10.
Mali Med ; 25(4): 32-5, 2010.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21470954

RESUMO

HIV/AIDS related disorders have a negative impact on the assumption of responsibility of other Comorbidities and could lead to a highest lethality rate. The goal was to evaluate the prevalence of the psychiatric disorders during HIV/AIDS at infectious diseases service of "hôpital du Point G". We carried out an exploratory study and descriptive energy of July 1, 2004 to bearing 31 October 2005 out of 166 patients. The cases of HIV were defined on the basis of positivity of serology HIV by at least 2 fast tests associated or not with clinical signs with the AIDS according to CDC. Any disturbance of the higher functions was regarded as psychiatric demonstrations. The female sex was in a majority with a sex- ratio of 0.9. The ages bracket the most touched lay between 36 and 41ans. The housewives were 36.7%. The grooms accounted for 64.5%. The prevalence of the psychiatric disorders was 58.9%. The disorders were dominated by the depression (45.8%) followed confusional syndrome 31.9% and epilepsy 7.8%. All the patients with psychiatric antecedents developed a confusional syndrome. The subjects having presented a psychiatric disorder were infected by the HIV-1 in 93.4% of the cases.Occurred of the psychiatric disorders was inversely proportional to the rate of CD4. Lethality was very high is 56%.


Assuntos
Confusão/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Confusão/etiologia , Depressão/etiologia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Mali/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto Jovem
11.
Mali Med ; 23(2): 43-6, 2008.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19434968

RESUMO

In Mali little study exist on the meningitis with Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib). This weak data availability on Hib meningitis, didn't permit to introduce the immunization against this pathology in the Expanded Program Immunization (EPI) of Mali. The present survey aims to improve the availability of the data on Hib meningitis and to advocate for the introduction of immunization against Hib in EPI in Mali. The survey consisted to the exploitation of spinal fluid examination data for the suspected cases of meningitis, sent by the different health centers to National Institute for Public Health Research (INRSP) on the period going from October 1st, 2002 to September 30, 2004. According to the survey, on 230 cases of meningitis whose germs have been identified to the latex and the culture, Hib occupies the 3rd place with 21.3% among the bacterial meningitises. In Bamako Hib occupies the 2nd place (27.4%) according to the source. The persons less than 1 year (59.6%) were the more affected (p < 0.001) and the diseases distribution has been observed during the dry seasons (51.0%) and rainy (49.0%) without meaningful impact of temperature and rainfall (p > 0.05) (p = 0.8249). The cases of Hib identified were more sensitive to ciprofloxacine (100%) and to ceftriaxone (100%). Taken into consideration the cost raised of quinolones and cephalosporines, and in reference to the high mortality and frequent complications known of Hib meningitis, the introduction of immunization against Haemophilus influenzae in the Expanded Program Immunization should contribute to a better control of this disease.


Assuntos
Haemophilus influenzae tipo b , Meningite por Haemophilus , Humanos , Lactente , Mali , Meningite por Haemophilus/tratamento farmacológico , Meningite por Haemophilus/epidemiologia
12.
Mali Med ; 20(4): 29-33, 2005.
Artigo em Inglês, Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19617067

RESUMO

Aims This study was carried up to assess the impact of mass chemotherapy with praziquantel on the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni in Office du Niger. Materials and Methods It was a cross sectional study with two passages about which we compared a test group of 7 villages (n=2342) treated in 1989 to a control group of 7 villages (n=2263). Results One year after mass chemotherapy, baseline prevalence rates of Schistoosma haematobium, Schistoaoma mansoni and those of the double infection decreased by 50%, 54% and 62,9% respectively. The geometric mean egg counts of Schistosma haematobium (GMECSh) was reduced by 66.6% and that of Schistosoma mansoni (GMECSm) by 43.4%. However, in spite of mass treatment, the overall prevalence rates of Schistosoma haematobium and mansoni were always higher than 20% in young people aged of 6-19 years. Conclusion These data show that in irrigated area, efficacy of praziquantel is strongly affected by age. This persistance of infection in population raises up several questions according to host immunity, parasite biology and praziquantel efficacy.

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