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INTRODUCTION: Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common acquired valvular heart disease. Recently new transcatheter treatment options for severe TR have emerged that could change the management of this condition, which warrants better characterization of this specific patient group. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with severe TR and to evaluate their short- and mid-term prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective, observational single-center study enrolled consecutive patients with severe TR hospitalized between January 2016 and September 2021 in the 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. The severity of heart failure (HF) was evaluated using New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification. Echocardiographic assessment was performed by experienced sonographer. EuroSCORE II and TRI-SCORE were computed for each patient. 12- and 24-month clinical outcomes were reported. RESULTS: There were 172 patients [93 female (54.1%)] included. The mean age was 76.4 (± 10.5) years. The most common comorbidities included: atrial fibrillation (84.9%), hypertension (68.0%), chronic kidney disease (54.1%), coronary artery disease (45.3%), diabetes mellitus (30.9%). The median EuroSCORE II and TRI-SCORE values were 4.68% and 14.0%, respectively. The median follow-up was 24 months. The overall mortality was 29.7% at 1 year and 47.3% at 2 years. TR grade, TAPSE <17 mm, TAPSE/SPAP <0.26 and right atrial area were significant factors associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Patients presenting with severe TR are characterized by a large comorbidity burden and poor prognosis, despite intensive heart failure management.
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INTRODUCTION Tumors of the salivary glands account for approximately 3 to 4% of all head and neck neoplasms. It is estimated that 10-15% of them are malignant. The most common benign tumor is pleomorphic adenoma, while the most common malignant tumors are adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Neoplasms of the salivary glands are extremely histologically diverse, which results from the complex embryogenesis of the salivary glands. The identified risk factors for tumors of the salivary glands are: ultraviolet radiation, ionizing radiation, viral infections, nicotine and alcohol. MATERIAL AND METHOD The aim of the study was an epidemiological analysis of patients with salivary gland neoplasms, the distribution and histopathological characteristics of individual neoplasms treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Medical University of Warsaw in 2010-2020. The diagnoses were analyzed according to the latest WHO 2017 histological classification of salivary gland tumors. In addition, the material was supplemented with data on the 5-year survival rates of patients with malignant neoplasms obtained from the Registry of Marital Status. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The material contained 407 neoplasms of the salivary glands over a 11-year period, of which malignant neoplasms accounted for 17.4%. The malignant tumors were dominated by: adenoid cystic carcinoma (28,2%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (12,7%), and acinic cell carcinoma (9,9%). Lymphomas (15,5%) were also a large group. The benign neoplasms were dominated by pleomorphic adenoma (54.1%) and Warthin's tumor (36%). Tumors of the salivary gland the most often affected the parotid gland (92%). CONCLUSIONS The obtained data are consistent with the general epidemiological data described in the current literature.