Effect of surface treatment of ethylene vinyl acetate on the delamination of custom-fitted mouthguards.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Contamination of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) during mouthguard fabrication can cause delamination. The study evaluated the effects of different EVA surface treatments on the contact angle, laminate bond strength, and elongation capacity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Specimens of two bonded EVA plates were prepared (n = 30). The Shore A hardness of standardized EVA plate specimens was measured before and after thermo-plasticization. The EVA plates were randomly allocated to one of five different surface treatment groups: no treatment (control); isopropyl alcohol, 100%; chloroform, 99.8%; self-cure acrylic resin monomer (methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and chemical initiator-amine type); and ethyl alcohol, 70%. The maximum breaking force and elongation at the site of fracture were recorded using a universal testing machine. The contact angle surface was measured using ImageJ software. Scanning electron microscopy of the EVA surface was performed. The laminate bond strength was obtained by dividing the maximum breaking force by the bonding area between the two EVA plates. The laminate bond strength and maximum elongation data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey's and the Dunnet test. The failure mode data was analyzed using the chi-square test (α = .05). RESULTS: EVA surface treatment significantly influenced the laminate bond strength and maximum elongation (p < .001). The control group had a higher contact angle and significantly lower laminate bond strength and maximum elongation than the other groups (p < .001). The acrylic resin monomer and chloroform-treated specimens had similar laminate bond strength and maximum elongation. The acrylic resin monomer group had a significantly lower contact angle (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: All treatments had a significantly higher laminate bond strength and maximum elongation than the control group. The acrylic resin monomer and chloroform groups had a significantly higher laminate bond strength and maximum elongation and the acrylic resin monomer group had a lower contact angle than the other groups. The chloroform should be avoided due its hazardous effects.

Regio- and diastereoselective Pd-catalyzed aminochlorocyclization of allylic carbamates: scope, derivatization, and mechanism.

The regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of oxazolidinones via a Pd-catalyzed vicinal C-N/C-Cl bond-forming reaction from internal alkenes of allylic carbamates is reported. The oxazolidinones are obtained in yields of 44 to 95% with high to excellent diastereoselectivities (from 6 : 1 to >20 : 1 dr) from readily available precursors. This process is scalable, and the products are suitable for the synthesis of useful amino alcohols. A detailed theoretical and experimental mechanistic study was carried out to describe that the reaction proceeds through an anti-aminopalladation of the alkene followed by an oxidative C-Pd(ii) cleavage with retention of the carbon stereochemistry to yield the major diastereomer. The role of Cu(ii) in a C-Cl bond-forming mechanism step has also been proposed.

Contralesional Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Enhance Upper Limb Function in Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has the potential to improve upper limb motor outcomes after stroke. According to the assumption of interhemispheric inhibition, excessive inhibition from the motor cortex of the unaffected hemisphere to the motor cortex of the affected hemisphere may worsen upper limb motor recovery after stroke. We evaluated the effects of active cathodal tDCS of the primary motor cortex of the unaffected hemisphere (ctDCSM1UH) compared to sham, in subjects within 72 hours to 6 weeks post ischemic stroke. Cathodal tDCS was intended to inhibit the motor cortex of the unaffected hemisphere and hence decrease the inhibition from the unaffected to the affected hemisphere and enhance motor recovery. We hypothesized that motor recovery would be greater in the active than in the sham group. In addition, greater motor recovery in the active group might be associated with bigger improvements in measures in activity and participation in the active than in the sham group. We also explored, for the first time, changes in cognition and sleep after ctDCSM1UH. Thirty subjects were randomized to six sessions of either active or sham ctDCSM1UH as add-on interventions to rehabilitation. The NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery after Stroke (FMA), Barthel Index (BI), Stroke Impact Scale (SIS), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were assessed before, after treatment, and three months later. In the intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis, there were significant GROUP∗TIME interactions reflecting stronger gains in the sham group for scores in NIHSS, FMA, BI, MoCA, and four SIS domains. At three months post intervention, the sham group improved significantly compared to posttreatment in FMA, NIHSS, BI, and three SIS domains while no significant changes occurred in the active group. Also at three months, NIHSS improved significantly in the sham group and worsened significantly in the active group. FMA scores at baseline were higher in the active than in the sham group. After adjustment of analysis according to baseline scores, the between-group differences in FMA changes were no longer statistically significant. Finally, none of the between-group differences in changes in outcomes after treatment were considered clinically relevant. In conclusion, active CtDCSM1UH did not have beneficial effects, compared to sham. These results were consistent with other studies that applied comparable tDCS intensities/current densities or treated subjects with severe upper limb motor impairments during the first weeks post stroke. Dose-finding studies early after stroke are necessary before planning larger clinical trials.

Thyroxine, levothyroxine, and thyroxine complexed into cyclodextrin changed animal behavior, oxygen consumption, and photopic electroretinogram of Colossoma macropomum.

The toxic effects of thyroxine (T4F), levothyroxine (L-T4), and thyroxine complexed into ß-cyclodextrin (ß-CD-T4) on the biological parameters of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) were evaluated. The animals were exposed to a chronic toxicity test based on concentrations of influent (60 ng/L) for 2 months. Weight, total length, animal behavior, oxygen consumption, photopic electroretinogram (ERG), and the Flicker exam were evaluated. No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05) on the weight and total length measurements between all groups studied. Behavioral observations of the animals exposed to L-T4 and ß-CD-T4 complex showed a reduction (p < 0.05) in slow swimming and an increase in staying motionless events. The animals exposed to the ß-CD-T4 complex presented the highest O2 consumption. L-T4 and ß-CD-T4 promoted a reduction in the ability of the animals to respond to stimuli in the photoreceptors according to the photopic ERG examination. Data from the experimental Flicker exam showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in all groups studied. It can be concluded that the complexation of T4 into ß-CD and L-T4 modified the toxicity of this hormone, promoting changes in the behavior, oxygen consumption, and electrophysiological responses of the exposed animals, suggesting that inclusion complexes should be submitted to new toxicity tests to ensure higher safety.

Evaluation of Different Techniques and Materials for Filling in 3-dimensional Printed Teeth Replicas with Perforating Internal Resorption by Means of Micro-Computed Tomography.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the filling ability of 2 obturation techniques in 3-dimensional (3D) printed teeth with perforating internal resorption (PIR). METHODS: A maxillary central incisor was instrumented and scanned by micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) imaging. The 3D model was exported in the stereolithographic format and, with the aid of OrtogOnBlender software (Cícero Moraes, Sinop, SP, Brazil), a PIR in the middle third of the root canal was designed. Thirty-two replicas were printed in surgical resin and distributed into 4 groups (n = 8) according to the obturation technique and the material used: 2 groups used the hybrid technique, 1 with Bio-C Sealer (BCS; Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil)/gutta-percha (GP; VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) + Bio-C Repair (BCR; Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) and the other with BioRoot (BR; Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France)/gutta-percha (GP) + Biodentine (BD; Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France), and 2 groups used the incremental technique, 1 with BCR and the other with BD. Postobturation micro-CT imaging was performed to measure the percentage volume of voids and laser confocal microscopy to measure the surface roughness (µm) of the repair cements. Data were compared using analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS: Regarding the filling volume in the apical third, the BCS/GP + BCR (89.70 ± 5.15), BR/GP + BD (87.70 ± 8.43), and BCR (84.20 ± 9.00) groups showed the highest percentages compared with the BD group (69.70 ± 6.88) (P < .05). In the area of internal resorption, the BCS/GP + BCR (96.00 ± 2.64) and BCR (95.30 ± 2.93) groups showed the highest percentages compared with the BR/GP + BD group (91.50 ± 1.35) (P < .05). The BD group showed intermediate values that were sometimes similar to the BCS/GP + BCR and BCR groups and similar to the BR/GP + BD group (P > .05). Regarding the quality of the filling in the perforation area, the BCR group showed better results compared with the BD group (P < .001). Regarding roughness, the BCR group (1.66 ± 0.65) showed lower surface roughness compared with the BD group (2.51 ± 0.89) (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The capacity and quality of the filling in teeth with PIR were superior with the incremental technique with BCR and the hybrid technique with BCS/GP + BCR.

The quality of life of disease-free Brazilian breast cancer survivors.

The objective of this study was to compare the quality of life of women who survived breast cancer and women who have not had the disease, and to identify associated factors. It is cross-sectional study in which the comparison group includes survivors of breast cancer aged between 40 and 69 years. One hundred and fifty-four women were included, 70 with breast cancer and 84 without the disease. The SF-36 was used to evaluate quality of life. The chi-square test and multivariate linear models were used to compare the groups. The estimated mean physical and mental components were significantly better for the group who survived the disease (51.10 and 52.25, respectively) compared to the group without cancer (47.26 and 47.93, respectively). The study indicates that survivors of breast cancer had a better quality of life compared to women without the disease.

Vaccine Innovation Meta-Model for Pandemic Contexts.

Purpose: Over the past decade, successive outbreaks and epidemics of infectious diseases have challenged the emergency preparedness and response systems of global public health institutions, a context in which vaccines have become the centerpiece to strengthening global health security. Nevertheless, vaccine research and development (R&D) is a complex, lengthy, risky, uncertain, and expensive process. Alongside strict, time-consuming regulatory compliance, it takes multiple candidates and many years to register a new vaccine. This is certainly not welcome in a global health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to understand the R&D paradigm shift in pandemic contexts and its impacts on the value chain of vaccine innovation. Methods: To that end, this paper carried out a systematic literature review and meta-synthesis of 27 articles and reports (2011-2021) that addressed vaccine R&D in contexts of global health threats, disease outbreaks, epidemics, or pandemics. Results: The research findings are synthesized in a meta-model, which describes a fast-track R&D for pandemic contexts, its driving forces, innovations, mechanisms, and impacts in the value chain of vaccine innovation. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that, in pandemic contexts, a fast-track R&D process based on close collaboration among regulators, industry, and academia and leveraging enabling technologies can drastically reduce the time required to bring safe, stable, and effective vaccines to market by an average of 11 years compared to the traditional R&D process. Furthermore, pharmacovigilance and rigorous monitoring of real-world evidence became critical to ensuring that quality and safe products were authorized for use during a pandemic.

Vaccine innovation model: A technology transfer perspective in pandemic contexts.

This work identifies the innovations that made it possible for the Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz Immunobiological Technology Institute to engage in the entire production of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCov-19) in Brazil, just 1.8 years after the COVID-19 pandemic was declared. The results were summarized in a case-based innovation model composed of 11 workstreams, 32 stages, 22 gates, 11 innovations, and 38 events. In terms of research contributions, three were found: (i) the identification of firm and government-level innovations allowing the substantial reduction in the COVID-19 vaccine time-to-market in Brazil; (ii) the presentation of empirical evidence supporting the new Outbreak Paradigm for vaccine research, development, and production; and (iii) the proposition of a conceptual model for describing innovations through the vaccine value chain in pandemic contexts, particularly when technology transfer is involved.

Cigarette smoke inhibits brain mitochondrial adaptations of exercised mice.

Physical exercise and smoking are environmental factors that generally cause opposite health-promoting adaptations. Both physical exercise and smoking converge on mitochondrial adaptations in various tissues, including the pro-oxidant nervous system. Here, we analyzed the impact of cigarette smoking on exercise-induced brain mitochondrial adaptations in the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex of adult mice. The animals were exposed to chronic cigarette smoke followed by 8 weeks of moderate-intensity physical exercise that increased mitochondrial activity in the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex in the non-smoker mice. However, mice previously exposed to cigarette smoke did not present these exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptations. Our results suggest that smoking can inhibit some brain health-promoting changes induced by physical exercise.

Continuous Infusion of Ketamine and Lidocaine Either with or without Maropitant as an Adjuvant Agent for Analgesia in Female Dogs Undergoing Mastectomy.

Maropitant, an antagonist of neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors, blocks the pharmacological action of substance P on the central and peripheral nervous systems. The objective of this study was to compare the antinociceptive and cardiorespiratory effects of the continuous intraoperative infusion of maropitant with ketamine and lidocaine in female dogs undergoing unilateral radical mastectomy. Twenty-four female dogs were used and were divided randomly into two groups (n = 12). The GLK group received ketamine bolus (1.0 mg/kg), lidocaine bolus (1.5 mg/kg), and continuous infusion of ketamine and lidocaine (10 mcg/kg/min and 50 mcg/kg/min), respectively; the GLKM group received the same anesthetic protocol combined with maropitant bolus (1.5 mg/kg/IV) and continuous infusion of maropitant (100 mcg/kg/h). Continuous infusion was initiated at the start of surgery and was maintained until 1 hour postoperatively. Pain was evaluated in the postoperative period using four scales and a digital analgesimeter. Data were analysed using analysis of variance, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Friedman's test (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves were compared using the log-rank test. The results indicated lower pain scores, better survival curves with a lower number of patients requiring rescue analgesia, and lower peripheral sensitization, in the GLKM group than in the GLK group. It was concluded that the coadministration of maropitant with ketamine and lidocaine had an adjuvant effect with minimal cardiorespiratory effects and effective analgesia, improving pain management and patient comfort.

Polymorphisms associated with oral clefts as potential susceptibility markers for oral and breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes/loci consistently altered in nonsyndromic oral clefts in patients with oral and breast cancer in a Brazilian population. DESIGN: This case-control study evaluated the association of SNPs in IRF6 (rs642961), WNT3A (rs708111), GSK3ß (rs9879992), 8q24 (rs987525) and WNT11 (rs1533767), representing regions consistently identified as of susceptibility for oral clefts, with oral cancer (oral squamous cell carcinoma) and breast cancer. Logistic regression analyses were used for confounding adjustments, and p values ≤0.01 were considered statistically significant (Bonferroni correction = 0.05/5 polymorphic markers). RESULTS: The minor G allele of rs9879992 in GSK3ß was associated with oral cancer risk (p = 0.02), whereas rs1533767 in WNT11 showed a protective effect against it (p = 0.04). Several SNP-SNP interactions containing GSK3ß rs9879992 were significantly associated with oral cancer after 1000 permutation test. To breast cancer, the A allele of rs987525 was associated with increase risk in early stage (p = 0.02) and SNP-SNP interactions involving the 5 SNPs were significantly observed, with the most significant interaction among rs708111, rs1533767, rs9879992 and rs642961 (p1000permutation<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results reveal associations of SNPs consistently altered in oral cleft with oral and breast cancer risk, raising interesting possibilities to identify risk markers for those tumors.

Evaluation of the Antinociceptive Effect of Maropitant, a Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist, in Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy.

Maropitant is a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that can be used for pain management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of continuous infusion of two doses of maropitant on cardiorespiratory parameters and its postoperative analgesic effect in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Thirty cats were randomly assigned to one of three groups (10 cats each group): the control group (CG) received a continuous infusion of 10 ml/kg/h Ringer's lactate; GM30 and GM100 first received an intravenous (IV) bolus of 1 mg/kg maropitant; GM30 then received continuous infusion of 30 µg/kg/h maropitant; and GM100 then received continuous infusion of 100 µg/kg/h maropitant. The maropitant was diluted into Ringer's lactate and the GM30 and GM100 also received fluids intraoperatively. In all groups, premedication included intramuscular injections of morphine and acepromazine, followed by induction with propofol and maintenance with isoflurane. Temperature, heart rate (HR), Doppler blood pressure (DBP), respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and measuring the end-tidal carbon dioxide and isoflurane were monitored. Postoperative pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale and the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale in cats; morphine was used for analgesic rescue. During the surgical procedure, cats in GM100 demonstrated lower HR and DBP than those in CG. With regard to the evaluation of postoperative pain, GM100 required the least frequent morphine rescue and less rescue analgesia compared with CG. In conclusion, cats in GM100 maintained lower DBP and HR and required lower analgesic rescue during the postoperative period. The results suggested that animals receiving maropitant bolus (1 mg/kg) plus (100 µg/kg/h) experienced greater postoperative comfort, reflected by the lesser need for analgesic rescue. The use of maropitant in surgical procedures in cats contributes to postoperative comfort.

Perfil de prescrições de psicotrópicos do programa de saúde mental de uma policlínica de referência no estado de Pernambuco / Profile of psychotropic prescriptions of the mental health program of a reference polyclinic in the state ofPernambuco

Com o propósito de atender às necessidades dos pacientes portadores de agravos relacionados à saúde mental, foi implementado o Programa para Aquisição dos Medicamentos Essenciais para Saúde Mental. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil das prescrições de psicotrópicos do Programa de Saúde Mental de uma policlínica de referência no Estado de Pernambuco. Trata-se de um estudo transversal retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados referentes ao período de janeiro a junho de 2018 através de aspectos pré-definidos. Entre os erros mais comuns observados estão a ausência de data de emissão, a prescrição de medicamentos por outro que não seja o genérico, e a ultrapassagem da quantidade limite de medicamento estabelecido na legislação para as Notificações de Receita "B". Os resultados desse estudo demonstram adesão à RENAME, porém a análise também mostrou certa dificuldade de adesão à legislação e aos indicadores de uso racional de medicamentos. O preenchimento correto possibilita o acompanhamento adequado da farmacoterapia do paciente e o protege de riscos quanto ao uso inadequado dos medicamentos.

In order to meet the needs of patients with mental health conditions, the Program for the Purchase of Essential Medicines for Mental Health was implemented. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of prescriptions for psychotropic drugs in the Mental Health Program of a reference polyclinic in the State of Pernambuco. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected for the period from January to June 2018 through pre-defined aspects. Among the most common errors observed are the absence of a date of issue, the prescription of medications by someone other than the generic one, and the exceeding of the limit amount of medication established in the legislation for the "B" Prescription Notifications. The results of this study demonstrate adherence to RENAME, but the analysis also showed some difficulty in adhering to legislation and indicators of rational use of medicines. The correct filling allows the patient to follow the pharmacotherapy adequately and protects him from risks regarding the inappropriate use of the medications.

Práticas clínicas aplicadas a pacientes com infarto do miocárdio sem obstrução de artéria coronária (minoca) / Clinical Practices Applied To Patients With Myocardial Infarction Non-obstruction Coronary Arteries (Minoca) / Prácticas clínicas aplicadas a pacientes con infarto e miocardio sin obstruccion arteria coronaria (MINOCA)

Objetivo: Identificar práticas clínicas com resultados favoráveis aos pacientes com diagnóstico de infarto agudo do miocárdio sem obstrução de artéria coronária. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura pela base de dados National Library of Medicine e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde de estudos publicados entre 2018 e 2022. Resultados:87,5% dos estudos encontrados destacaram estratégias farmacológicas e destes, 62,5% citaram o uso da dupla antiagregaçãoplaquetária como mais utilizada, apesar de nenhum estudo evidenciar benefícios. Os inibidores do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona comprovaram benefícios em três estudos. 75% dos artigos apontaram que esse grupo de pacientes recebem menos medicamentos preventivos comparados aos pacientes com infarto por obstrução coronariana. Outros seis estudos, revelaram condução clínica variável desses pacientes. Conclusão: O uso de inibidores do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona deve ser considerado por ser a única medicação com redução da mortalidade evidenciada. São necessários estudos maiores para orientar com mais segurança à condução do infarto do miocárdio sem obstrução de coronária.(AU)

Objective: To identify clinical practices with favorable results for patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction without coronary artery obstruction. Method: Integrative literature review using the National Library of Medicine and Virtual Health Library databases of studies published between 2018 and 2022. Results: 87.5% of the studies found highlighted pharmacological strategies and of these, 62.5% cited the use of dual antiplatelet therapy as the most used, despite no study showing benefits. Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system have shown benefits in three studies. 75% of the articles pointed out that this group of patients receive less preventive medication compared to patients with infarction due to coronary obstruction. Another six studies revealed variable clinical management of these patients. Conclusion: The use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors should be considered as it is the only medication with proven reduction in mortality. Larger studies are needed to guide with more safety the management of myocardial infarction without coronary obstruction.(AU)

Objetivo: Identificar prácticas clínicas con resultados favorables para pacientes con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio sin obstrucción arterial coronaria. Método: revisión integrativa de la literatura utilizando las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina y la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud de estudios publicados entre 2018 y 2022. Resultados: el 87,5% de los estudios encontrados destacaron estrategias farmacológicas y de estos, el 62,5% citó el uso de la terapia antiplaquetaria dual como el más utilizados, a pesar de que ningún estudio muestra beneficios. Los inhibidores del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona han mostrado beneficios en tres estudios. El 75% de los artículos señalaron que este grupo de pacientes recibe menos medicación preventiva en comparación con los pacientes con infarto por obstrucción coronaria. Otros seis estudios revelaron un manejo clínico variable de estos pacientes. Conclusión: Se debe considerar el uso de inhibidores del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, ya que es el único medicamento con reducción comprobada de la mortalidad. Son necesarios estudios más amplios que orienten con mayor seguridad el manejo del infarto de miocardio sin obstrucción coronaria.(AU)

Evaluation of the toxic effect of endocrine disruptor Bisphenol A (BPA) in the acute and chronic toxicity tests with Pomacea lineata gastropod.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer and a risk when it interacts with organisms, and can cause changes in the development and reproduction of them. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of BPA, by acute and chronic toxicity tests with neonates and adults of Pomacea lineata. Adults and neonates were divided into groups exposed to BPA (1-20mg/L), or 17ß-estradiol (1mg/L) and control in the acute and chronic toxicity tests. Behavior, heart rate, reproduction and hemolymph biochemical analysis were measured. In the acute toxicity test, the 96-h LC50 with adults was 11.09 and with neonates was 3.14mg/L. In this test, it was observed lethargic behavior and an increase of 77.6% of aspartate aminotransferase in the adults' hemolymph (p<0.05); and neonates' heart rate decreased 72.7% (p<0.05). In the chronic toxicity test, it was observed behaviors associated with reproduction, as Copulate, in the groups exposed to BPA. The results that were found in this study proved that BPA is a potentially toxic agent to Pomacea lineata according to biological parameters evaluated. These data contribute to the understanding of BPA toxic effects' in the aquatic invertebrates.

Saúde na escola: Parasitoses intestinais em adolescentes e medidas de biossegurança / Salud en la escuela: Parasitosis intestinales en adolescentes y medidas de bioseguridad / Health at school: Intestinal parasitosis in adolescents and biosafety measures

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto de ações educativas como medida de prevenção das enteroparasitoses em adolescentes escolares. Método: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo de análise qualitativa e caráter descritivo, realizada com informações pregressas coletadas em uma escola da rede estadual no município de Camaragibe. A avaliação do conhecimento pré e pós da ação educativa, foi realizada através das Técnicas de análise de conteúdo e do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a temática é de grande relevância. No transcurso da pesquisa houve uma mudança significativa no modo de pensar e agir dos educandos envolvidos, mudança de hábitos e interesse com relação a higienização pessoal, dos alimentos, transmissão, prevenção e biossegurança dentro da comunidade onde estão inseridos. Conclusão: Ações educativas como essas, são imprescindíveis na comunidade escolar e adjacentes. Contudo o uso de metodologias educativas para ações profiláticas, voltadas para esta temática não é efetiva nas políticas de saúde pública.(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the impact of educational activities as a measure to prevent intestinal parasites in school adolescents. Method: This is a retrospective study of qualitative analysis and descriptive character, carried out with previous information collected in a state school in the municipality of Camaragibe. The evaluation of pre and post knowledge of the educational action was carried out through the techniques of content analysis and the Collective Subject. Results: The results obtained demonstrate that the theme is of great relevance. In the course of the research there was a significant change in the way of thinking and acting of the students involved, change of habits and interest in relation to personal hygiene, food, transmission, prevention and biosecurity within the community where they are inserted. Conclusion: Educational actions such as these are essential in the school community and adjacent. However, the use of educational methodologies for prophylactic actions focused on this theme is not effective in public health policies.(AU)

Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de las actividades educativas como medida de prevención de parásitos intestinales en adolescentes escolares. Método: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo de análisis cualitativo y carácter descriptivo, realizado con información previa recolectada en una escuela pública del municipio de Camaragibe. La evaluación de los conocimientos previos y posteriores a la acción educativa se realizó a través de las técnicas de análisis de contenido y el Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el tema es de gran relevancia. En el transcurso de la investigación hubo un cambio significativo en la forma de pensar y actuar de los estudiantes involucrados, cambio de hábitos e interés en relación con la higiene personal, alimentación, transmisión, prevención y bioseguridad dentro de la comunidad donde se insertan. Conclusión: Acciones educativas como estas son imprescindibles en la comunidad escolar y aledaña. Sin embargo, el uso de metodologías educativas para acciones profilácticas enfocadas en esa temática no es efectivo en las políticas públicas de salud.(AU)

Tratamento de ferida cirúrgica cutânea em ratos com óleo-resina de copaíba (copaíba reticulata) / Treatment of surgical wounds in rats with copaiba oil-resin (copaiba reticulata)

Foi avaliada a atividade cicatrizante do óleo-resina de copaíba "in natura" em feridas cirúrgicas cutâneas induzidas em ratos. Setenta e dois ratos foram distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo Controle Negativo (GCN), Grupo Controle Positivo (GCP) e Grupo Óleo-resina de Copaíba (GOC). A avaliação da hiperemia por escore na macroscopia mostrou que a chance de um animal apresentar um grau de hiperemia baixo quando tratado com o óleo-resina de copaíba é 1,46 vezes maior que um animal tratado com ácidos graxos essenciais e 2,14 vezes maiores que a chance de um animal tratado com óleo mineral. Com relação ao infiltrado inflamatório na microscopia a probabilidade de ser menor ocorre no GOC em comparação com os GCN e GCP. Em relação ao tempo de reepitelização, a chance de um animal apresentar uma reepitelização mais lenta tratado com ácidos graxos essenciais é de 1,2 vezes a chance de um animal tratado com óleo-resina de copaíba. A análise histológica mostrou que o tecido cicatricial após o tratamento com óleo-resina de copaíba apresentou maior contração da ferida e consequentemente redução do tamanho da ferida visto pela aproximação de anexos da pele no corte histológico. Concluiu-se que o tratamento com óleo-resina de copaíba proporciona maior contração da ferida e aproximação dos anexos da pele.

The healing activity of "in natura" oil-resin of copaíba resin was evaluated in cutaneous surgical wounds induced in rats. Seventy-two rats were divided into three groups: Negative Control Group (GCN), Positive Control Group (GCP) and Copaíba Oil-Resin Group (GOC). Evaluation of hyperemia by macroscopic score showed that the chance of an animal presenting a low degree of hyperemia when treated with copaiba oil-resin is 1.46 times higher than an animal treated with essential fatty acids and 2.14 times greater than the chance of an animal treated with mineral oil. With regard to inflammatory infiltrate under microscopy the probability of being smaller occurs in GOC compared to GCN and GCP. Regarding the time of re-epithelialization, the chance of an animal having a slower reepithelization treated with essential fatty acids is 1.2 times the chance of an animal treated with copaiba oil-resin. Histological analysis showed that cicatricial tissue after treatment with copaiba oil-resin presented greater contraction of the wound due to the approximation of skin attachments. It was concluded that the treatment with copaiba oil-resin provides greater contraction of the wound and approximation of the skin attachments.

Acute and chronic toxicity of the benzoylurea pesticide, lufenuron, in the fish, Colossoma macropomum.

Lufenuron is a benzoylurea insecticide that interfere in chitin synthesis in insects. Although lufenuron is widely used in agriculture and aquaculture, rare are studies described that relates to possible toxic effects in fish. This work aimed to evaluate acute and chronic toxic effects of benzoylurea pesticide (lufenuron) on biological parameters of Colossoma macropomum (Tambaqui). In the acute test, juveniles of Tambaqui were divided into control group and five experimental groups with exposure from 0.1 to 0.9 mg/L of lufenuron for 96 h. Animals were also submitted to chronic toxicity test for four months in concentrations of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/L of lufenuron, the concentration used in the treatment of ectoparasites in fish and 50% of LC50 96 h, respectively. The presence of hemorrhages was observed in eyes, fins and operculum of fish exposed to 0.7 and 0.9 mg/L of lufenuron. Histological analysis showed changes in the morphology of fish gills submitted to acute toxicity test, as lamellar aneurysm and blood congestion inside lamellae. Lufenuron promoted damage in fish retina as in ability to respond to stimuli in photoreceptors and in ON-bipolar cells in acute test. In chronic test, blood glucose analysis and morphometric parameters showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). In general, Tambaqui exhibited behaviors associated with stress when exposed to lufenuron. Thus, lufenuron showed several toxic effects in relation to biological parameters in Tambaqui. This concerns about the use and discard of lufenuron, and indicates the requirement of environmental actions to prevent potential contamination of aquatic biota.

Linha de pesquisa "história e memória do lazer" do programa de pós-graduação interdisciplinar em estudos do lazer da UFMG produção e análise / Line of research "history and memory of the leisure" of interdisciplinary post-graduation program in leisure studies of UFMG: production and analysis

Este estudo propõe uma análise da produção vinculada à linha de pesquisa "Memória e História do Lazer" do Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Estudos do Lazer (PPGIEL) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). A partir da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2009) foram investigadas as teses e dissertações defendidas entre 2009 e 2017. O estudo apontou que nos 32 trabalhos examinados, o primeiro quartel do século XXI e a cidade de Belo Horizonte são, nessa ordem, o período e a localidade mais pesquisados. A dimensão física do Lazer é preponderante e os professores Victor Melo e Helder Isayama se destacam respectivamente pelo número de trabalhos orientados e participação em bancas de defesa. O ano de 2017 surge como o ápice da produção do programa. O "estado da arte" apontado poderá auxiliar pesquisas históricas desenvolvidas no campo do Lazer, potencializando questionamentos e reflexões.

This study proposes an analysis of the production linked to the research line "Memory and Leisure History" of the Interdisciplinary Post-Graduation Program in Leisure Studies (PPGIEL) of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG). From the analysis of content proposed by Bardin (2009) the theses and dissertations defended between 2009 and 2017 were investigated. The study pointed out that in the 32 papers examined, the first quarter of the 21st century and the city of Belo Horizonte are, in that order, the most searched period and location. The physical dimension of Leisure is preponderant and Professors Victor Melo and Helder Isayama stand out respectively for the number of jobs oriented and participation in defense stalls. The year 2017 emerges as the apex of the program's production. The pointed state of the art may help historical research developed in the field of Leisure, enhancing questions and reflections.