Correction to: Vilnius Declaration on chronic respiratory diseases: multisectoral care pathways embedding guided self-management, mHealth and air pollution in chronic respiratory diseases.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Vilnius Declaration on chronic respiratory diseases: multisectoral care pathways embedding guided self-management, mHealth and air pollution in chronic respiratory diseases.

BACKGROUND: Over 1 billion people suffer from chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, COPD, rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. They cause an enormous burden and are considered as major non-communicable diseases. Many patients are still uncontrolled and the cost of inaction is unacceptable. A meeting was held in Vilnius, Lithuania (March 23, 2018) under the patronage of the Ministry of Health and several scientific societies to propose multisectoral care pathways embedding guided self-management, mHealth and air pollution in selected chronic respiratory diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma and COPD). The meeting resulted in the Vilnius Declaration that was developed by the participants of the EU Summit on chronic respiratory diseases under the leadership of Euforea. CONCLUSION: The Vilnius Declaration represents an important step for the fight against air pollution in chronic respiratory diseases globally and has a clear strategic relevance with regard to the EU Health Strategy as it will bring added value to the existing public health knowledge.

Building Bridges for Innovation in Ageing: Synergies between Action Groups of the EIP on AHA.

The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) proposed six Action Groups. After almost three years of activity, many achievements have been obtained through commitments or collaborative work of the Action Groups. However, they have often worked in silos and, consequently, synergies between Action Groups have been proposed to strengthen the triple win of the EIP on AHA. The paper presents the methodology and current status of the Task Force on EIP on AHA synergies. Synergies are in line with the Action Groups' new Renovated Action Plan (2016-2018) to ensure that their future objectives are coherent and fully connected. The outcomes and impact of synergies are using the Monitoring and Assessment Framework for the EIP on AHA (MAFEIP). Eight proposals for synergies have been approved by the Task Force: Five cross-cutting synergies which can be used for all current and future synergies as they consider overarching domains (appropriate polypharmacy, citizen empowerment, teaching and coaching on AHA, deployment of synergies to EU regions, Responsible Research and Innovation), and three cross-cutting synergies focussing on current Action Group activities (falls, frailty, integrated care and chronic respiratory diseases).

Factors contributing to self-reported drug use among London undergraduates 1971-72.

A questionnaire study of drug taking by 1113 London University undergraduates has been undertaken. This paper sets out to relate drug taking to student life. The variables which discriminate those who have tried illicit drugs from those who have not are conceptualised as representing alienation from study, distance from authority, and separation from parents. These variables are consistent with a general factor best labelled "non-conformity". The variables which seem to discriminate between degrees of involvement in psychoactive substances are ease of obtaining cannabis, estimated percentage of friends who use drugs, use of tobacco, seeing someone inject themselves, operational use of substances (i.e. use for purposes other than recreation or pleasure), and choice of future career. These variables represent four overlapping factors which affect involvement with psychoactive substances: contact with drugs, contact with drug users, identification with the user class, and within-class deviance. While non-conformity appears to be the factor in student life predisposing students to try illicit drugs, the factors which affect the degree of involvement with such substances seem relatively independent of student status.

The effect of embedded words in a brief visual display.

In a replication and extension of an experiment by Eagle, Wolitzky & Klein (1966), subjects wrote brief stories describing an Object Relations Test card following exposure to a 7 x 7 letter matrix in which were embedded either neutral words or emotive words. Of six groups of subjects who participated, two groups were exposed to the matrices for 10 sec ('supraliminal control condition'), and the remaining four groups for 1 sec ('subliminal condition'). Independent judges were able to distinguish, to a significant degree, between the stories of subjects who were exposed to emotive words and those exposed to neutral words under the 'subliminal condition'; they could not distinguish, however, between the stories of subjects exposed for the longer duration ('supraliminal condition') to emotive and neutral words respectively. A crude content analysis yielded significantly more unpleasant words in stories from the subgroups exposed to emotive rather than neutral words, but again only under the very brief exposure condition, the difference being absent in supraliminal control groups. The relevance of these findings to previous experiments is discussed.

Follow-up of cases of opiate addiction from the time of notification to the Home Office.

Follow-up of 108 opiate addicts for a period of six to seven years showed that 35 were still being prescribed opiates, 25 were off drugs, 19 were dead, and for 29 it was not certain whether they were on or off drugs. Most patients who came off drugs did so in the first two years after notification to the Home Office. Clearly treatment is more likely to be successful if given early in the life history of the addict, when it is appropriate to give treatment based on withdrawal of drugs rather than substitution.