[Bacteriostasis of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Its Derivatives in Vitro and Its Relationship with PF4].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bacteriostatic effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and its derivative platelet gel (PG) supernatant on Escherichia coli in vitro and its relationship with platelet factor 4 (PF4). METHODS: Apheresis platelets donated by healthy volunteers were obtained from the Blood station of Lu an Blood Center as the source of PRP. The counts of platelet, white blood cell and red blood cell in PRP and its derivative PG supernatant were detected by automatic hematology analyzer. Bacterial growth of PRP and PG supernatants co-cultured with bacteria for different time was observed by plate coating culture method, and the contents of PF4 in PRP and PG supernatants were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: Apheresis platelets were collected from 28 healthy volunteers with a median age of 33 (21-56) years old. PRP can inhibit the growth of escherichia coli, but there were individual differences in antibacterial effect within 24 hours. PRP of 13 healthy volunteers had strong antibacterial effect at 24 hours, 7 cases had weak antibacterial effect at 24 hours, and 8 cases had no antibacterial effect at 24 hours. PG supernatant showed no significant individual difference, and all of them had bacteriostatic effect within 12 hours, but no bacteriostatic effect after 12 hours. There was no statistical difference in the bacteriostatic effect of PRP at 24 hours between healthy volunteers aged ≤30 years and >30 years (P>0.05), and there was no statistical difference between the white blood cell count ≤0.1×109/L and (0.1-1) ×109/L groups (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the bacteriostatic effect of PRP between the two groups with platelet content ≤1 000×109/L and >1 000×109/L (P<0.05). The platelet count in PRP was higher than that in PG supernatant ï¼»(911.57±160.52) ×109/L vs 0ï¼½. The PF4 level in PRP was higher than that in PG supernatant (23623.34±9822.14 vs 6664.74±4065.83, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Both PRP and PG supernatant have antibacterial effects in Escherichia coli. The bacteriostatic effect of PRP was better than that of PG supernatant, and the platelet and PF4 contents in PRP were higher than those in PG supernatant, suggesting that the platelet and PF4 levels play an important role in bacteriostasis.

Comprehensive DNA Methylation-transcriptome Profiles Association Analysis During the Treatment of Acute Myelocytic Leukemia.

BACKGROUND: Epigenetic modifications have recently attracted much attention in the study of the biological mechanisms of Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML) for therapy and prognosis. However, studies on DNA methylation changes during AML treatment are limited. OBJECTIVE: The comprehensive DNA methylation-transcriptome profiles association analysis in this study aimed to establish whole-genome DNA methylation profiles and explore DNA methylation-related genes and their potential functions before and after treatment. And more appropriate biomarkers are expected to be identified for therapy strategies in AML. METHODS: Illumina 450K and RNA-Seq data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas. We performed comprehensive DNA methylation-transcriptome profiles association analysis, pathway analysis, correlation analysis, and survival analyses. The StarBase database was utilized to predict interactions between lncRNAs, miRNAs and target mRNAs. RESULTS: In total, 1592 distinct CpG sites and 2419 different expression transcripts were identified between pretreatment and post-treatment AML. The significantly enriched functions of methylated genes were stem cell differentiation, cell population maintenance, and cell development. The expression of UGT3A2, MOG, and VSTM1 was correlated with DNA methylation levels (r2 >0.5). Lastly, we identified 4 lncRNAs, 9 miRNAs and 142 mRNAs to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed that DNA methylation was altered before and after treatment. Alterations in DNA methylation affected target gene expression and participated in the key biological processes of AML. Therefore, ceRNA networks may provide further insight into the study of favorable therapeutic markers in AML.

Increased circulating basic fibroblast growth factor levels in acute myeloid leukemia: a meta-analysis.

Background: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Whether the levels of circulating bFGF are increased or not in untreated AML patients is still not clear. In order to acquire a more definite evaluation, a meta-analysis was performed.Material and methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and VIP databases for possible eligible articles. Forest plot was used to present the combined effect values and 95% confidence intervals (CI) through the random-effect model. Subgroup analysis was performed based on sample size, sample type, and region. All statistical analysis was performed in STATA12.0 software.Results: After excluding the articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 11 studies that met the inclusion conditions were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, AML patients probably had higher circulating levels of bFGF (SMD = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.35-1.94). The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were stable. Moreover, the trim and fill analysis showed that publication bias had little effect and the results were relatively robust. In addition, AML patients with N < 30 group, serum group, and Asia group (all P < 0.05) had higher circulating bFGF levels, whereas other subgroups showed no significant change.Conclusion: The results of current meta-analysis revealed that AML patients had higher circulating bFGF levels, and it was associated with sample type, sample size, and region. Considering the possible pathogenic role of bFGF in AML, drug development targeting bFGF is very promising for AML patients.

(3R)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-3-isopropyl-3-methylisochroman-1-one inhibited osteosarcoma growth by inducing apoptosis.

As one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortalities worldwide, the overall survival rate of osteosarcoma has stably remained at 15-30% for several decades. (3R)- 5,6,7-trihydroxy-3-isopropyl-3-methylisochroman-1-one (TIM), isolated from the whole plant of Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron., has been reported to have pharmacological activities. In the present study, the anti-proliferative effects of TIM against osteosarcoma were evaluated, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were explored. The results demonstrated that TIM inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in U2OS cells. Furthermore, the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein NOXA in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway was upregulated by TIM, while the expression of myeloid cell leukemia 1, an anti-apoptotic protein, was downregulated. In addition, TIM increased the protein expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers inositol-requiring enzyme 1, activating transcription factor 6 and glucose-regulated protein 78. These results suggested that TIM induced ER stress response while activating intrinsic apoptosis. Furthermore, treating osteosarcoma tumor-bearing mice with TIM significantly inhibited the tumor growth in the xenograft animal model. Overall, the study results suggested that TIM may serve as a potential antitumor agent against osteosarcoma.