[Correlations between vessel stiffness and biomarkers of senescent cell in elderly patients].

Aim    To study the association between vascular wall stiffness and known markers for accumulation of senescent cells in blood, cells, and tissues of old patients.Material and methods    This study included male and female patients aged 65 years and older who were referred to an elective surgical intervention, that included a surgical incision in the area of the anterior abdominal wall or large joints and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For all patients, traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and arterial wall stiffness (pulse wave velocity, PWV) were evaluated. Also, biomaterials (peripheral blood, skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue) were collected during the surgery and were used for isolation of several cell types and subsequent histological analysis to determine various markers of senescent cells.Results    The study included 80 patients aged 65 to 90 years. The correlation analysis identified the most significant indexes that reflected the accumulation of senescent cells at the systemic, tissue, and cellular levels (r>0.3, р<0.05) and showed positive and negative correlations with PWV. The following blood plasma factors were selected as the markers of ageing: insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), and vascular endothelium adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). A significant negative correlation between PWV and IGF-1 concentration was found. Among the tissue markers, P16INK, the key marker for tissue accumulation of senescent cells, predictably showed a positive correlation (r=0.394, p<0.05). A medium-strength correlation with parameters of the 96-h increment of mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts and a weak correlation with IL-6 as a SASP (specific senescent-associated secretory phenotype) were noted. Results of the multifactorial linear regression analysis showed that the blood plasma marker, VCAM-1, and the cell marker, 96-h increment of fibroblasts, were associated with PWV regardless of the patient's age.Conclusion    Stiffness of great arteries as measured by PWV significantly correlates with a number of plasma, tissue, and cellular markers for accumulation of senescent cells. This fact suggests PWV as a candidate for inclusion in the panel of parameters for evaluation and monitoring of the biological age during the senolytic therapy.

[The characteristics of lipid ligand binding by serum albumin in athletes]. / Osobennosti kompleksirovaniia lipidnykh ligandov syvorotochnym al'buminom u sportsmenov.

The ability of serum albumin to bind lipids, fatty acids and products of their peroxidation was studied in well trained sportsmen during a competitive period. Detected quantitative and qualitative alterations point to a protein involvement in metabolic changes in an adaptation to work loads.

[Characteristics of the binding by serum albumin of fatty acids and products of their peroxidation during intensive muscular work]. / Osobennosti sviazyvaniia syvorotochnym al'buminom zhirnykh kislot i produktov ikh perekisnogo okisleniia pri intensivnoi myshechnoi rabote.

The ability of serum albumin to bind polyunsaturated fatty acids and products of their peroxidation in long-distance cyclists was investigated during their recovery period. In response to high workloads well trained athletes, when compared to lower class cyclists, showed a significant decrease of partial portions of linoleic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenic and other fatty acids. These findings indicate that albumin plays an important part in the transport of fatty acids and lipid peroxidation products as one of biochemical components of metabolic transformations in the course of adaptation to high workloads.

[Study of lipid ligands in serum albumin in sportsmen using thin layer chromatography]. / Izuchenie lipidnykh ligandov v syvorotochnom a'lbumine sportsmenov metodom tonkosloinoi khromatografii.

Lipid composition and the ability of serum albumin to bind lipid components and products of their peroxidation were investigated in cyclists of different rating during moderate workloads. Ratios of subfractions of phospholipids and other lipid metabolites in blood serum albumin were determined by the method of thin-layer chromatography. Diene conjugates and diene ketones were found to be actively formed in plasma of highly trained cyclists in whom a high lipid capacity of albumin was associated with its low affinity for lipid hydroperoxides.