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1.
J Cell Biochem ; 120(5): 6851-6859, 2019 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30320936

RESUMO

In the recent past, there has been a burgeoning interest in targeting cytokines such as IL-3 for specific disease conditions of bone such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple myeloma. Unlike other cytokines, IL-3 is a cytokine with a multilineage potential and broad spectrum of target cells and it plays a vital role in hematopoiesis. Due to its common receptor subunit, the action of IL-3 shows functional redundancy with other cytokines such as the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-5. IL-3 has been successfully used in ameliorating radiation-induced bone marrow aplasia and similar conditions. However, the role of IL-3 in bone cells has not been fully unraveled yet; therefore, the aim of this overview is to present the effects of IL-3 in bone with a special emphasis on osteoclasts and osteoblasts in a concise manner.

2.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 476(3): 115-20, 2016 Jul 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27157135

RESUMO

Bone resorption is an important cellular function in skeletal development and remodeling of the adult skeleton. Most of the pathological bone disease conditions like osteoporosis reflect increased osteoclast activity; hence, increased bone resorption. Researchers have unraveled most of the intracellular mechanisms responsible for osteoclast bone-resorbing activity in last few decades. Therefore, understanding the fundamentals of osteoclast-induced bone resorption and the cytokines and other substances that modulate the osteoclast activity unequivocally provide insights into the development of drugs to ameliorate pathological bone diseases with enhanced bone resorption. The aim of this review is to examine the literature on osteoclast function and bone-resorbing activity.


Assuntos
Reabsorção Óssea/patologia , Osteoclastos/patologia , Podossomos/patologia , Animais , Reabsorção Óssea/metabolismo , Adesão Celular , Humanos , Integrinas/análise , Integrinas/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Podossomos/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais
3.
J Med Dent Sci ; 56(3): 107-12, 2009 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20099473

RESUMO

Confocal laser microscopy is a well-recognized research tool in the fields of biological and material science which enables high-resolution images of samples with minimum requirements for specimen preparation. Here we introduce an innovative technique for the 3-D description and measurement of resorption pits using Super Depth Surface Profile Measurement Microscope based on the principle of confocal microscope. We show one example of culturing for 48 h with an established NF-kappaB inhibitor named NBD-peptide after plating mature osteoclasts on dentine slices with osteoblasts. The activity of osteoclasts is measured by determining the volume of resorbed portion of dentine by osteoclasts in vitro. The 3-D surface profile could be obtained by detecting the position at which the reflected laser intensity from the target becomes the maximum on z-axis. The volume and depth of resorption lacunae by stimulated osteoclasts is significantly increased compared to the un-stimulated group without changing of resorption area. The increase in volume and depth are dose-dependently inhibited by the NBD-peptide. Comparing to the classical method by measuring 2-D area of pits, analysis based on this technique could provide reliable quantitative assessment reflecting the osteoclast activity.


Assuntos
Reabsorção Óssea/patologia , Imageamento Tridimensional , Osteoclastos/patologia , Fosfatase Ácida/análise , Animais , Biomarcadores/análise , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Células da Medula Óssea/patologia , Células Cultivadas , Colecalciferol/farmacologia , Técnicas de Cocultura , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/patologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Isoenzimas/análise , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Microscopia Confocal , NF-kappa B/antagonistas & inibidores , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoblastos/patologia , Osteoclastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos/administração & dosagem , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Fosfatase Ácida Resistente a Tartarato
4.
Bone Rep ; 11: 100225, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31720316

RESUMO

Survival and apoptosis are of major importance in the osteoclast life cycle. As osteoclasts have short lifespan, any alteration that prolongs their viability may cause enhanced osteoclast activity. Hence, the regulation of OC apoptosis has been recognized as a critical factor in bone remodeling. An imbalance in bone remodeling due to increased osteoclast activity leads to most adult bone diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple myeloma. Therefore, manipulating osteoclast death would be a viable therapeutic approach in ameliorating bone diseases, with accelerated resorption. Over the last few decades we have witnessed the unraveling of many of the intracellular mechanisms responsible for osteoclast apoptosis. Thus, an understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which osteoclasts undergo programmed cell death and the regulators that modulate that activity will undoubtedly provide an insight into the development of pharmacological agents to treat such pathological bone diseases.

5.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 17: e181244, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-970465

RESUMO

According to the best scientific evidence, a dentifrice should contain 1000 ppm F or above but to guarantee the anti-caries efficacy this concentration should be chemically soluble and remain stable until the dentifrice expiration date. This stability depends on the type of abrasive and fluoride salt used in the formulation. Nine brands of dentifrices purchased in the Sri Lankan market were evaluated. The total fluoride (TF = soluble + insoluble) and total soluble fluoride (TSF = ion MFP + ion F-) concentrations were determined in fresh samples and after storage at room temperature and after accelerated aging. The analyses were made with an ion specific electrode using a validated analytical method. Three dentifrices were formulated with MFP/CaCO3, two with MFP/Silica, two with NaF/Silica and two were not fluoridated. The TF concentration found was very close to the concentration declared by the manufacturer. However, even in the fresh sample of one dentifrice formulated with MFP/CaCO3, there was insoluble fluoride (22%). The TSF concentration in all MFP/CaCO3-based dentifrices decreased with storage while insoluble fluoride had increased. The dentifrices formulated with MFP/Silica and NaF/Silica showed chemical stability. This is the first study done about the chemical quality of fluoride dentifrices marketed in Sri Lanka and the findings are an alert for a surveillance system in the country


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Dentifrícios , Fluoretos
6.
J Med Dent Sci ; 59(3): 65-74, 2012 Nov 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23897045

RESUMO

Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells of hematopoietic origin which are unique in their ability to resorb bone. Osteoclasts are generated from myeloid progenitors through a progression that involves the fusion of mononuclear precursor cells. The identification of RANK-RANKL signaling as the main signal regulating osteoclast differentiation was a major breakthrough in the bone biology field. In addition remarkable discoveries have been made to broaden the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of osteoclast formation and differentiation. Despite the vital requirement of osteoclasts in bone modeling and remodeling, bone-related conditions like osteoporosis, Paget's disease and rheumatoid arthritis where accelerated bone resorption takes place pose a major socioeconomic burden to the society. Hence, a better understanding of the pathways leading to osteoclast differentiation is vital in successfully managing such diseases. This is an attempt to give a birds-eye-view of the players in osteoclast formation and differentiation in a brief and concise manner.


Assuntos
Células Progenitoras Mieloides/fisiologia , Osteoclastos/fisiologia , Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Reabsorção Óssea/fisiopatologia , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Humanos , Ligante RANK/fisiologia , Receptor Ativador de Fator Nuclear kappa-B/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia
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