Probing the photonic density of states using layer-by-layer self-assembly.

The process of spontaneous emission can be dramatically modified by optical microstructures and nanostructures. We have studied the modification of fluorescence dynamics using a variable thickness polymer spacer layer fabricated using layer-by-layer self-assembly with nanometer accuracy. The change in fluorescence lifetime with spacer layer thickness agrees well with theoretical predictions based on the modified photonic density of states (PDOS), and yields consistent values for the fluorophores' intrinsic fluorescence lifetime and quantum yield near a dielectric as well as a plasmonic interface. Based on this observation, we further demonstrate that self-assembled fluorophores can be used to probe the modified PDOS near optical microstructures and nanostructures.

[Expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) and P16ink4a in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and papilloma].

UNLABELLED: p16ink4a Is a tumor-supressor gene and a key regulator of the cell cycle. The neoplastic cervical epithelium (squamous and cylindric) intensely expresses the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16ink4a. It was shown that the expression of p16ink4a in the squamous cervical cancer was induced by HPV. The aim of our study was to reveal the frequency of expression of p16ink4a and of HPV in the different grades of CIN and in the papilomatous cervical lesions. We used biopsy material (n=11) and cone biopsies (n=10), collected from women with different grades of CIN and with papillomatous lesions, having different grades of koilocytotic dysplasia. The biopsy material, collected from one woman with squamous cervical cancer was also studied. Using the immunohistochemical procedure we determined the expression of p16ink4a and HPV in the changed squamous cervical epithelium. RESULTS: We found that the neoplastic epithelium in CIN II and CIN III intensely expressed p16ink4a. We observed positive immune reaction for HPV in only 22.7% from the cases with papillomatous lesions, having koilocytic dysplasia. In conclusion we can state that p16ink4a could be used as a marker for the exact determination of CIN lesions in the cervix uteri. The koilocytic dysplasia, determined histologically was not always HPV-positive.

[Microbiological investigation of the vaginal flora during pregnancy]. / Mikrobiologichno prouchvane na vlagalishtnata flora pri bremenni zheni.

The infections complications during pregnancy and delivery are jet unsolved problem in obstetrics and neonatology. Most of them are due to anaerobic and aerobic organisms. The authors show the rate and distribution of the bacterial vaginal infections during pregnancy. 1330 pregnant women are investigated, 10% of them are with normal vaginal flora, 27% anaerobic organisms, 15% aerobic organisms, then Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis. Those results are seen most frequently during the last trimester of pregnancy, which leads to the complications in delivery and postpartum.

[Surgery for uterine myoma]. / Operativna aktivnost pri mioma na matkata.

The authors present one supervision of surgically activity and myoma of the uterus in the period 1995-2000 year. 456 women with myoma are surgical treatment; by 319 are perform LHT cum and., by 63-LHT sine and., by 37 myomectomia and by 37-LHT sine and dex/sin.

[Submucosal isthmicocervical myoma--problems of diagnosis, labor and puerperium]. / Submukozna istmikotservikalna mioma--problemi na diagnozata, razhdaneto i puerperiuma.

A case of submucosal isthmicocervical myoma, 85 mm in diameter, diagnosed for first time during CS. The neonate is with atrophy of left m. sternocleidomastoideus and facial asymmetry due to impression in the left temporoparietal region, without neurological impairment. Multiple ultrasound examinations were done but the fibroids vas not diagnosed. During one examination we presume that the fibroid was mistaken for the head because the BPD was in great discrepancy with other ultrasound parameters of the fetus. During the operation OICC was not found that is why the dilatation was made through the vagina. A myomectomy was not made during the operation. Because of the pressure and the deformation of the cervical canal from the myoma a drain was inserted through the canal to facilitate the evacuation of the lochia. The post operative period passed without any complications, the drainage was taken off on the 7th post operative day and the patient was discharged on the 8th day.

[Congenital malformations in newborns during the period of 1995-1999 according to the department of obstetrics and gynecology--Stara Zagora]. / Vrodenite malformatsii u ploda prez perioda 1995-1999 godina po materiali na akushero-ginekologichnata klinika--Stara Zagora.

UNLABELLED: During the last 2-3 decades there is a tendency for increasing the rate of the congenital malformation of the fetus and newborn. Every year in Bulgaria 5000-6500 children are born with some defects. The purpose of this investigation is to show the rate of the congenital malformation as a reason for death among the newborn/babies in the Clinic of Obstetrics Stara Zagora during the period of 1995-1999 and some rick factors for the malformations. RESULTS: Perinatal lethality for this period is 20.03% (190 children), 40 (21.05%) are with heavy lethal malformations. The authors annualize the localization of the malformations.

[Surgical operations in women over 60 years of age in the gynecological practice (according to the data from Obstetric and Gynecology Clinic of Stara Zagora during 1998-2002 years)]. / Operativni interventsii v ginekologichnata praktika pri zheni nad 60 godini (po materiali na AG klinika Stara Zagora za perioda 1998-2002 god).

In period of 1998 to 2002 year in Klinik of Obstetric and Gynecology Stara Zagora was performed 2161 small and 1122 great gynecologic operations in women older 60 years. The most patients was in age of 60 to 70 years (79%), 17.9% was in age of 70 to 80 years and over 80 years was 2.9%. The neoplasm disorders perform 34.6% and static disorders--29.6%. By 84.5% in women with postmenopausal bleeding no established neoplasm and by 15.5% was established endometrial cancer. The great operations included 55.6% abdominal hysterotomy, 13.6% vaginal hysterectomy and 9.8% urogynecologic operations. Postoperative complications perform 3.7% (2 patients).

[Our clinical experience in treating endometriosis genitalis externa with the preparation Danoval]. / Nashiiat klinichen opit za lechenie na endometriosis genitalis externa s preparata Danoval.

By means of the serum level of estradiol and the vaginal smear indexes the antigonadotropic activity of the preparation Danoval (2-3-isoxasol-17-ethinyltestosterone) is indirectly evaluated on 15 infertility patients with laparoscopic proved endometriosis. After 5 month's course of treatment with 400 mg daily the level of estradiol decreased from 1.54 to 0.31 nmol/l, IA from 20.8 to 10.4 and IP from 32 to 17.3. The side effects are slight and descend from the pharmacological properties of the preparation. Two patients became pregnant in three months after the treatment.