Effects of ischemic compression and instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization techniques in trigger point therapy in patients with rotator cuff pathology: randomized controlled study.

PURPOSE: To compare the ischaemic compression (IC) and instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) in the treatment of MTrPs in addition to standard rehabilitation program in patients with rotator cuff tears. METHODS: Participants with rotator cuff tears were included the study (n = 46). Patients were randomly divided into two groups; which were Group 1 (IC + standard rehabilitation program (n = 23)), and Group 2 (IASTM + standard rehabilitation program (n = 23)) groups. Pain were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS). Range of motion (ROM) was assessed by a universal goniometer. Active MTrPs were assessed according to the Travel and Simons criteria. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) were assessed by a digital algometer. Function were evaluated by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardised Shoulder Assessment (ASES) Form. Anxiety and depression were evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale. Satisfaction was assessed by the Global Rating of Change scale after 6 weeks treatment. RESULTS: After the treatment, pain, ROM and the DASH, ASES, HAD scores improved in both groups (p < 0.05). The active MTrPs of 2 muscles, PPT of 4 muscles and DASH in Group 1 significantly improved compared to Group 2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although patients with low functionality accumulated in the IC group, the IC is more effective than the IASTM in increasing the PPT and functional improvement according to the results of the DASH score.

The effect of the ischaemic compression technique on pain and functionality in temporomandibular disorders: A randomised clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Interventions addressing pain and impaired functionality in individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are needed. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of 4 weeks of exercise combined with ischaemic compression and exercise alone in patients with TMDs. METHODS: Fifty patients who were diagnosed with TMDs were randomised into Group 1 (exercise combined with ischaemic compression technique) (n = 25) or Group 2 (exercise alone) (n = 25). Both groups performed 4 weeks of Rocabado's exercise and 3 weeks of postural exercise, while Group 1 received ischaemic compression to the masseter muscle for a total of 3 sessions in addition to exercise. A ruler was used to assess range of motion (ROM) (painless mouth opening (PMO), maximum mouth opening, maximum assisted mouth opening (MAMO), left lateral movement and right lateral movement), the visual analogue scale and graded chronic pain scale were used to assess pain, an algometer was used to determine the pain pressure threshold (PPT), and the 8-item jaw functional limitation scale was used to assess, functionality. The assessments were performed at baseline, at week 1 and at week 4. RESULTS: The participants in Group 1 exhibited larger PMO (F = 5.26, P = .02) and MAMO values (F = 6.71, P = .01) than did the patients in Group 2 at week 1. The effect size was small for MAMO (ES = 0.27) and moderate for PMO (ES = 0.51). However, there were no significant differences in any other outcomes between groups at week 1 or 4. CONCLUSION: In summary, this randomised controlled trial indicates that exercise combined with ICT and exercise alone have similar effects on ROM, pain, the PPT and functionality in patients with TMDs.

Comparison of Hand Function Between Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Children Without Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

PURPOSE: This study compared the hand function of children between the ages of 8 and 12 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with that of children without diabetes. METHODS: The Modified Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test and the Purdue Pegboard Test were used to assess hand function. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 was used for evaluating health-related quality of life. RESULTS: Duration of writing was found to be significantly longer on the dominant side of the T1DM group compared with the children without T1DM. The durations of card turning, moving large, light objects, and large, heavy objects on the nondominant side of the T1DM group were also found to be significantly longer than those in the children without T1DM. The total scale score of health-related quality of life was significantly lower in the T1DM group compared with the children without T1DM. CONCLUSIONS: T1DM affects hand function, particularly the dominant side for writing and nondominant side for card turning and moving large objects.

Do motor-cognitive and motor-motor dual task training effect differently balance performance in older adults?

PURPOSE: Dual-task training (DTT) have been showed that have satisfying effects on older adults. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of motor-cognitive DTT (mCdtt) and motor-motor DTT (mMdtt) on balance, fear of falling, walking functionality and muscle strength in older adults. METHODS: A total of 50 participants aged 60 and over (mean age: 67.72 ± 7.33 years), having a score ≥ 24 on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), being in the category of walking ability ≥ 4 according to the Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), having no problem in visual ability and hearing were included for this study. The participants who received mCdtt (Group 1) counted back from the two-digit number; and the participants who received mMdtt (Group 2) held half-filled glasses with both hands near the trunk with 90° flexion of elbow while performing exercises. The intervention program had lasted for 8 weeks. To assess balance, fear of falling, walking functionality and muscle strength of participants; Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the Hand-held dynamometer were used, respectively. RESULTS: The results of our study showed that 8-week mCdtt and mMdtt program did not differ in balance fear of falling, walking functionality and muscle strength in older adults, although both trainings had improved balance ability. CONCLUSION: It can be interpreted that both training programs can be suggested to enhance abovementioned parameters in older adults. Further studies are needed to elucidate the difference of clinical outcomes between the mCdtt and mMdtt program in older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04577092. DATE OF REGISTRATION: 09/30/2020 "Retrospectively registered".

The effectiveness of Kinesio taping on playing-related pain, function and muscle strength in violin players: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Kinesio taping (KT) on playing-related pain, upper extremity and hand function, grip and pinch strength in violin players. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Faculty of health sciences. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred seventeen participants who were professional violinists for at least two years (82 women; mean age, 22.76 ± 3.87 years) were randomized to receive either therapeutic tape application (KT group), a sham tape application (placebo group), or no application (control group) for one week. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) in one week. The secondary outcomes were the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Purdue Pegboard Test, grip and pinch strength. Outcome measures were performed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and one week later (follow-up). Participants were asked to play the "Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35 (Rieding, Oskar)"; pre-and post-performance pain and grip and pinch strength were assessed. RESULTS: The overall group-by-time interaction was not significant for DASH, but the improvement in the mean VAS-playing was slightly better in the KT group than in others (p < 0.05). The mean post-performance VAS-playing remained similar in the KT group while slightly increasing in the other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, a decrease in the mean post-performance grip strength of the left hand was significantly lower in the KT group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Violin players receiving an application of KT represented minor improvements in playing-related pain, and post-performance pain intensity and grip strength of the left hand slightly remained after 1 week kT application. The possible post-performance effect of the tape on the pain intensity and grip strength must also be considered because KT can be used during the performance.

Comparison of mobilization with supervised exercise for patients with subacromial impingement syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effects of joint mobilization with supervised exercise in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective, randomized-controlled study included a total of 40 patients (18 males, 22 females; mean age 43.52 years; range, 27 to 67 years) with SAIS of more than six weeks between June 2014 and June 2015. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 (n=20) received joint mobilization and neuromuscular electrical stimulation and Group 2 (n=20) received a supervised exercise program and neuromuscular electrical stimulation. The outcome measures included the range of motion, pain intensity, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form-patient self-report section, Short Form-36, and Global Rating of Change Questionnaire. Pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS: In both groups, the mean VAS scores significantly decreased and the range of motion significantly increased after treatment (p<0.05). Both joint mobilization and supervised exercise combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation led to a significant improvement in function in patients with SAIS (p<0.05), although it did not significantly differ between the groups (p>0.05). Patient satisfaction with treatment was similar in both groups (p=0.28). CONCLUSION: Based on our study results, mobilization and supervised exercise yield comparable outcomes in patients with SAIS.

Association of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have low physical activity levels and are at high risk for psychosocial morbidities, including depression, heightened anxiety and low health-related quality of life (HRQoL). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the associations of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and HRQoL in children with T1DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study design, including children with T1DM aged between 8 and 12 years and healthy controls, was used. Physical activity (PA) level was assessed with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). Anxiety was screened by The Screen for Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Quality of life was assessed with the The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0). RESULTS: Forty-seven T1DM and 55 healthy children were included with mean ages of 9.87±1.63 and 9.56±1.60 years, respectively. The T1DM group had significantly higher depression and anxiety score (p<0.05) and lower HRQoL-child self-report score (p<0.05, for all) compared with the control group. Significant associations were found between PAQ-C and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05), between SCARED and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05), and between HbA1c and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05) in children with T1DM. CONCLUSIONS: The result of our study suggested that only HRQoL was related to physical activity, anxiety and HbA1c in children with T1DM.