Condition of oral tissues in children with congenital cleft lip and palate.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: To study the condition of oral tissues in children with congenital complete cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: From the examined 470 children National Specialized Children's Hospital "OKHMATDYT" (Kyiv, Ukraine) with congenital cleft lip and palate was analyzed: 302 patients aged 8-18 years were subject to in-depth analysis for clinical and radiological - 192 with unilateral and 110 with bilateral complete cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate. RESULTS: Results: The average value of primary adention in patients with unilateral and bilateral complete combined cleft is 69.53%, but in females this indicator is higher and in unilateral cleft 92.18% for female against 53.17% for male. In females with unilateral cleft retention - 40.62% and overcomplete - 10,93%. The same high indicators in bilateral cleft: retention - 36.58% and overcomplete - 12.19%. Retention and overcomplete have higher values for men - 44.93% and 23.19%, respectively. Chewing efficiency in females with bilateral cleft as a result of primary dentition is below 80%. Affected by caries - 90.73% in both groups. Inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues are revealed (80,75%): chronic catarrhal gingivitis, chronic hypertrophic gingivitis, chronic generalized periodontitis. Manifestations of atopic and angular cheilitis in 39.09% and 23.63% with bilateral cleft lip and palate, glossitis in 29.09%. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Patients with congenital complete cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate have high rates of adentia, retention, overcomplete dentition and a wide range of diseases of the oral cavity, which negatively affects surgical and orthodontic rehabilitation.

The state of systemic immunity in congenital cleft lip and palate patients with diseases of oral cavity tissues.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine the state of dental health and the state of systemic immunity in patients in congenital cleft lip and palate patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The dental status and immunologic tests of 74 patients age 8-18 years old with congenital cleft lip and palate was analyzed: 43 children with unilateral and 31 children with bilateral complete combined cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate. RESULTS: Results: Indicators of the prevalence and intensity of the caries process in patients with congenital congenital complete cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate were high, especially in children with bilateral cleft lip and palate - the decompensated course of caries was determined in 41.93% patients, with unilateral - 23.25%. Сhronic catarrhal gingivitis was the most common in both groups of patients - the average severity of gingivitis prevailed - 51.16% with congenital unilateral cleft lip and palate and 51.61% - with bilateral. Atopic cheilitis, glossitis and chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis were common. This patients have significant changes in the cellular chain of the immune system with a deficiency of the main phenotypes of lymphocytes - CD4+ CD8+ and inflammatory bacterial changes in blood serum. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Patients of unilateral and bilateral complete combined cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate have significant changes in the dental status and in the cellular chain of the immune system. The level of manifestation of these changes is directly proportional to the extent of localization of the pathology - unilateral or bilateral.

INDICATORS OF DENTAL HEALTH AND LOCAL IMMUNITY IN YOUNG ADULTS WHO HAVE SUFFERED FROM CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine the dental status and state of local immunity in young adults who have suffered from the coronavirus disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 30 people aged 20-22 years, who suffered from the coronavirus infection Covid19 6.1±1.2 months ago. The comparison group included 20 people who did not have a coronavirus infection. The control group consisted of 35 people, randomized by age and sex, who did not have signs of caries and periodontal tissue disease and did not have coronavirus disease. All patients were examined for dental status and local immunity. RESULTS: Results: The analysis of indicators of dental status revealed the possibility of the existence of a relationship between the signs of acute SARS-Cov2 viral infection and the development of caries and periodontal tissue diseases. Significant changes in the local immunity of the oral cavity were found in the examined patients, which had a pathogenetic influence on the development and progression of caries and periodontal tissue diseases: a significant increase in the level of Ig G, as well as a probable decrease in the concentration of SIg A relative to the comparison group, a probably higher normative value of pathogenic small- and medium-molecular CICs with a significant decrease in the level of physiological large-sized CICs relative to the comparison group, a decrease in the content of anti-inflammatory IL-4, as well as increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Young adults who have suffered a coronavirus infection during the last 6 months have significantly higher caries prevalence, bleeding index, PMA index and hygiene index, halitosis, which indicates deeper tissue damage and tooth pathology with the formation of dentition defects than in the comparison group. Indicators of local immunity of the oral fluid have a deep and specific character.

CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF CARIES IN YOUNG PEOPLE WHO HAVE SUFFERED A CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To establish the clinical and immunological features of the course of caries in young people who have suffered from the coronavirus disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 30 people aged 20,6±2,4 years who suffered from the Covid19 coronavirus infection 6,1±1,2 months ago. All patients underwent a dental and immunological examination. RESULTS: Results: The analysis of the indicators of the dental status revealed the possibility of the existence of a relationship between the signs of the transferred acute viral infection SARS-Cov2 and the development of dental caries, first, under the condition of reduced caries resistance. In the immune system of the examined patients were found significant changes, which definitely played a pathogenetic role in the development and progression of the carious process. They were manifested by changes of varying degrees of severity, which were both unidirectional and opposite in nature: T-lymphocyte deficiency, in particular, mainly due to T-cytotoxic lymphocytes/suppressors, an increased level of B-lymphocytes and an increased level of activated CD54+ cells of T-lymphocytes. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In young people with dental caries who have suffered a coronavirus infection during the last 6 months, the prevalence of caries and its intensity are significantly higher than in the comparison group. Violations in the cellular and humoral links of the immune system, which combined with the pro-in¬flammatory profile of the blood serum, the phenomenon of immunotoxicosis, contributed to the further progression of the carious process in the oral cavity.

CHANGES IN IMMUNOLOGICAL INDICATORS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TREATMENT OF GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH MANIFESTATIONS OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STRESS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The aim of investigation was to determine the effect of the proposed treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis and psychoemotional stress on changes in the immune system of patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The clinical and laboratory investigations were conducted to revealed the effectiveness of the proposal complex of adrenoblockers in complex treatment of generalized periodontitis in 40 patients with psychoemotional stress. To assess the effectiveness of the treatment, the level of cortisol in saliva was determined. 40 patients with chronic course of generalized periodontitis I-II grade were divided into two subgroups: main and control. For the treatment of main subgroup patients used a modified enhanced complex of adrenoblockers to suppress the manifestations of psychoemotional stress. RESULTS: Results: The effectiveness of usage of the proposed complex of adrenoblockers were revealed after treatment of main group patients. The complex of adrenoblockers lead to stabilization of the generalized periodontitis in patients with psychoemotional stress. Such combination of adrenoblockers oppresses main symptoms of psychoemotional stress in with generalized periodontitis as evidenced by the decrease of cortisol levels in the patients saliva. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: As a result of researches the obtained data testify to achievement of stabilization of pathological process in a periodontium. All this together demonstrates the beneficial effect of the proposed complex of adrenoblockers on the dystrophic-inflammatory process in the periodontium. Decreased levels of cortisol in saliva indicate a decrease in the manifestations of psychoemotional stress in patients with generalized periodontitis.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF PRE-CANCER DISEASES OF THE ORAL MUCOUS IN UKRAINE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To conduct a prospective clinical study to assess the prevalence, structure, risk factors and features of clinical manifestations of precancerous diseases of oral mucosa and red lip in Kyiv residents and to analyze opportunities to improve the quality of their primary diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The examination of 423 patients with precancerous diseases of oral mucosa and red lip included clarification of the main complaints and anamnesis of the disease, objective assessment of the state of oral mucosa and red border of the lips according to visual, stomatoscopic, luminescent analysis, cyto-, histological studies. RESULTS: Results: Attention is drawn to the prevalence among precancerous diseases of patients with leukoplakia - 41.37% and lichen planus - 44.21%. The levels of detection of precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa due to the current and preliminary history for individual nosological forms are almost identical, which indicates the reliability of the above indicators. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Promotion between the people about timely dental treatment for precancerous diseases of the oral mocosa and the use of radical technologies in their treatment will not only increase the effectiveness of treatment, but significantly limit the malignancy of these diseases.

EFFECTІVENESS OF LASER THERAPY ІN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF HERPETIC STOMATITIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The purpose of research is to improve the effectiveness of treatment by applying laser in complex treatment in patients with herpetic stomatitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Were examined 47 people (22 men and 25 women) with acute herpetic stomatitis. The patіents' age was from 20 to 72 years. All patients underwent immunological tests such as (T-lymphocytes (CD3 +), T-helpers (CD4 +), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8 +), the content of immunoglobulins IgM, IgG, IgA and slgA in saliva to assess the іmmunological reactivity of the organism. RESULTS: Results: Clinical observations have shown that when using laser therapy, the results of treatment were better than in the control group. Positive dynamics was observed as early as 1-2 days after the start of laser use and was more pronounced when used in the early stages of the disease. The use of the laser promoted a more rapid suspension of new lesions, a decrease in pain syndrome, and a more rapid regression of herpetic lesions. We have found significant improvements in the arameters of cellular and humoral іmmunity in patients of the main group. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Treatment of herpetic stomatitis is relevant and requires further improvement and the search for new methods. The use of a laser in the complex treatment of herpetic stomatitis has a positive effect on the course and іmmunological status of patients with herpetic stomatіtis. The manifestations of the disease healed faster, and the pain syndrome was less severe. Duration between іllness and treatment decreased on 19.7% and 26%. It is advіsable to include the method of treatment using a laser in the complex therapy of herpetic stomatitis.