[Complete disappearance of pulmonary metastases in a case of rectal cancer treated with oral tegafur-uracil (UFT) and leucovorin (LV)].

We report a case of complete remission after treatment with tegafur-uracil (UFT)/Leucovorin (LV) therapy for pulumonary metastasis of rectal cancer. A 56-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of rectal cancer (Ra, type2). Chest CT on admission demonstrated bilateral lung metastases (rt S2 and lt S4). After anterior resection of the primary tumor, oral UFT/LV was administered (UFT 400 mg/LV 75 mg, 4-week administration and 1-week no-administration period) on an outpatient basis. After 2 courses, chest CT revealed reduction of both metastases, and complete resection of the metastases by video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) was planned. Pathological findings of a specimen revealed no residual cancer cells, indicating a complete response to UFT/LV therapy. After these treatments, combined therapy of UFT/LV was continued for 3 months, and the single administration of UFT was continued for 1 year. The patient experienced no adverse reactions, and has had no recurrent disease in 4 years. Oral UFT/LV therapy is considered to be a promising regimen for patients with resectable metastatic lesion from a standpoint of clinical efficacy and safety.

Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the ascending colon with rapid enlargement after resection: report of a case and review of the literature.

Although adenocarcinoma represents the vast majority of neoplasms of the large intestine, small cell undifferentiated carcinoma (SCUC) also arises from the colorectum. SCUC of the colorectum is highly malignant and shares the similarities in histologic characteristics, behavior, and histochemistry with SCUC of the lung. We report herein a case of SCUC in the ascending colon with rapid enlargement after resection. A 70-year-old male, who presented to a nearby physician with chief complaints of pain in the right lower quadrant, was referred to our hospital. We found a tumor mass that was approximately 15 cm in size in the right lower quadrant. Computed tomography (CT) images showed an irregularly shaped tumor, located inferior to the lower border of the right kidney and in the area of the ascending colon. By colonoscopy, we found a circumferential tumor of the ascending colon. A biopsy indicated it to be SCUC. The patient underwent right hemicolectomy. Two weeks after the resection, we palpated a tumor mass in the same area. The abdominal CT images showed a tumor mass that was approximately 10 cm in size. The tumor rapidly enlarged, and the patient died of multiple organ failure. SCUC is a tumor with a high malignant potential. Radical treatment cannot be achieved by surgical therapy alone and hence further studies of effective adjuvant therapy would be required.