RESUMO
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death in the population with diabetes mellitus. This study purposed to determine clinical laboratory markers that might be correlated with the risk of CVD in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Using data from the Clinical Center of the University of Debrecen from 2016 to 2020, we assessed cardiovascular risk in 5593 individuals with T2DM over a five-year follow-up period. There were 347 new cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke during the period. Following the stratification of these individuals into two groups according to the diagnosis of these CVDs until 2020, the risk of these CVDs was assessed through the utilization of the Chi-square test and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: The findings of the Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that the number of HbA1C measurements per year (HR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.31-0.7), decreased levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.04-2.47), and elevated triglyceride levels (HR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.06-2.29) were correlated with CVD in patients with T2DM. The area under the curve (AUC) was increased from 0.557 (95% CI 0.531-0.582) to 0.628 (95% CI 0.584-0.671) after the inclusion of the laboratory variables into the model showing improved discrimination for AMI and stroke. Conclusions: These findings indicated that eGFR, triglyceride, and the number of HbA1C per year are correlated with AMI and stroke in patients with T2DM.
RESUMO
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary artery disease are highly prevalent conditions that are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in Hungary. The conditions are attributed to identical risk factors, and individuals with DM are primarily susceptible to cardiovascular complications, which are the leading causes of death and disability in patients with DM. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of CVD in individuals with DM and to investigate the association between potential risk factors and the presence of CVD among individuals with DM in a population-based sample. Methods: The study was based on data from three waves of the European Health Interview Surveys (EHIS) conducted in Hungary in 2009, 2014, and 2019. Results: The prevalence of CVD among patients with DM decreased during the study period and that socioeconomic factors, cardiometabolic risk factors including high blood pressure and high cholesterol, and depression are major contributors to CVD burden in patients with DM in Hungary. Discussion: Our findings suggest the importance of regular check-up for hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, better focus on socioeconomic status, as well as ongoing monitoring of mental health among patients with diabetes. Further research is needed to understand the potential causes behind the observed decrease in CVD prevalence.