RESUMO
Lithium borate glass matrices doped with Dy3+ and Yb3+, containing silver nanoparticles in different concentrations are synthesized and characterized in this work. The Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy confirms formation of silver nanoparticles in the samples. Absorption spectra of the samples show the presence of a broadband spectrum associated due to the surface plasmon effect of the silver nanoparticles. A strong surface plasmon band bellow 400 nm appears after the annealing process, due to the formation of silver nanoparticles with radius of 5-15 nm. The transition peaks of Dy3+ are also observed at 386, 446, 798, 917, 1088, 1265 and 1669 nm. Additionally, a large peak at 976 nm belonging to the absorption band corresponding to the Yb3+ is observed. Emission spectra under 406 nm pumping show two prominent bands at 506 and 590 nm belonging to the Dy3+ transitions 4F9/2 â 6H15/2 and 4F9/2 â 6H13/2, respectively. The fluorescence in the 480 nm and 525 nm spectral ranges enhanced with the silver nanoparticles contained in the samples. Is the first time, the luminescence studies of the lithium borate matrix doped with Dy3+ and Yb3+ containing silver nanoparticles is done. The basic parameters defining the lasing-amplifying potential of the glass matrices as a function of silver nanoparticles concentration are calculated. The Thermoluminescence response to UV irradiation also exhibits significant enhancement with the increment of silver nanoparticles in the samples.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to establish the cutoff points in the Combined Index of Fibromyalgia Severity (ICAF) questionnaire which allow classification of patients by severity and to evaluate its application in the clinical practice. The cutoff points were calculated using the area under the ROC curve in two cohorts of patients. Three visits, basal, fourth month and 15th month, were considered. The external criterion for grading severity was the number of drugs consumed by the patient. Sequential changes were calculated and compared. Correlations with drug consumption and comparisons of severity between patients with different types of coping were also calculated. Correlation between the number of drugs and the ICAF total score was significant. Three cutoff points were established: absence of Fibromyalgia (FM), <34; mild, 34-41; moderate, 41-50 and severe, >50, with the following distribution of severity: absence in 0.4 %, mild in 18.7 %, moderate in 32.5 % and severe in 48.4 % of the patients. There were significant differences between groups. The treatment under daily clinical conditions showed a significant improvement of the patients which was maintained at the end of follow-up. There was a 17 % reduction in the severe category. The patients with more passive coping factor showed highest punctuations in the remaining scores and were more prevalent in the severe category. The patients with a predominance of the emotional factor showed a better response at the end of follow-up. The established cutoff points allow the classification of FM patients by severity, to know the prognostic and to predict the response to the treatment.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Fibromialgia/diagnóstico , Fibromialgia/tratamento farmacológico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adaptação Psicológica , Adulto , Área Sob a Curva , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Fibromialgia/classificação , Fibromialgia/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Curva ROC , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
There is evidence that demonstrates the benefits of practicing physical activity/exercise for the mother after childbirth. However, this postpartum period (PP) is often a missed opportunity in a lifetime for women to start or resume physical exercise and get the great benefits that it can bring them. The objective of this article was to analyze the benefits of physical exercise during PP; the prescription of physical exercise; recommendations on when to resume your practice; barriers and facilitators; physical exercise during breastfeeding; as well as its role in the most frequent illnesses and discomforts in this period, always keeping in mind that the work of the primary care doctor is essential to motivate and encourage women to perform physical exercise in the PP.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Período Pós-Parto , Humanos , Feminino , Prescrições , Atenção Primária à SaúdeRESUMO
In this study, graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-C3N4QDs) were synthesized using different solvents, characterized, and then exposed to a gamma-ray source (137Cs) at irradiation doses of 0.1, 1.48, 2.05 and 3.25 Gy. The intensities of the emission bands progressively were attenuated as the received dose of gamma radiation increased. The changes were quantified with the help of a non-linear fit model. The material showed promising use as a dosimeter for low-dose radiation applications.
Assuntos
Grafite , Pontos Quânticos , Raios gama , Compostos de NitrogênioRESUMO
Physical activity during pregnancy promotes maternal, fetal and neonatal health. The health benefits of prenatal physical activity include a reduced risk of excess gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor complications, preterm labor, newborn complications, and postpartum depression. The main guidelines for physical activity/exercise during pregnancy recommend that all pregnant women without medical or obstetric contraindications, remain physically active during the gestation, in order to achieve benefits for their health and at the same time reduce the possibility of complications during pregnancy. We analyze in this article what evidence based medicine (EBM) indicates regarding physical exercise and pregnancy. To do this, we draw on the different existing Cochrane reviews, as well as on the main Clinical practice guidelines and Consensus documents.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Complicações na Gravidez , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/terapiaRESUMO
Temporary work disability (TWD) is more common in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) than among the rest of the workers. To describe the differences between patients who take sick leave (TWD group) and those who continue to work regularly (control group). To determine what factors are associated with TWD. Multicentre, cross-sectional study with a cohort of patients with FM seen in rheumatology clinics throughout Spain. The following information was recorded: demographic data, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, health self-perception, emotional issues, functional capacity, physical function tests, utilization of healthcare resources, TWD during the past 12 months, and quitting paid employment due to the disease. Descriptive statistics was used to compare variables between the TWD group and the control group. A logistic regression analysis was done to determine which factors are associated with TWD. The study cohort was composed of 301 patients with FM (women: 96.7%) with a mean age of 48.7 ± 8.5 years and a disease duration of 11.5 ± 9.1 years. There were 56.8% active workers, of whom 67.8% had had some TWD. The mean TWD length was 44 ± 69.6 days/year. TWD correlated significantly with sedentary work, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, self-perceived health, poor functional capacity, physical function, and healthcare resource utilization. The factors independently associated with TWD are sedentary work, more clinical manifestations, fatigue, and poor flexibility. Of the cases of people who quit their jobs, 66.9% were associated with FM. TWD in patients with FM is associated with sedentary work, a worse clinical situation, and worse functional capacity.
Assuntos
Emprego , Fibromialgia/fisiopatologia , Licença Médica , Avaliação da Capacidade de Trabalho , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Avaliação da Deficiência , Feminino , Fibromialgia/economia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ambulatório Hospitalar , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Fibromyalgia (FM) patients have been regarded as great utilizers of health resources, with important related costs. The aim of this study is to describe health care resource utilisation and related costs of FM from the perspective of the National Health System in Spain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted on FM patients based on a patient interview. Data about demographic and clinical variables, physical examination, self-perceived health, psychosocial variables and health resource utilisation, were collected. Direct and indirect costs were calculated, and a correlational study between costs and clinical variables was performed. RESULTS: Three-hundred and one patients were studied. During the year 2006 the mean total cost per patient per year was 9,982 Euros, of which 3,245.8 (32.5%) corresponded to health care costs and 6,736.2 (67.5%) to indirect costs attributable to productivity losses. Non-drug therapies accounted for the largest proportion of the health care costs, three times greater than the drug treatment. Patients with higher total costs showed the greatest disease involvement. The variables associated to the total health care costs were functional capacity, depression, comorbidities and age. Patients with permanent working disability were the greatest resource utilizers. CONCLUSIONS: FM patients with higher costs show the greatest disease involvement. Direct and indirect costs are well correlated to disease severity. The indirect costs account for most of the economic burden of FM and approximately double the health care costs. Patients with permanent working disability present more severe disease and generate greater health care costs.