RESUMO
For 15 months the anticoccidial effect of 200 ppm clopidol/methyl benzoquate and of 50 ppm robenidine, and the development of immunity against five different species of Eimeria were followed in a closed rabbit population. In unmedicated rabbits, oocyst output decreased progressively with increasing age to a very low level in animals older than four months, but none of the species present disappeared completely in adult animals. No clinical symptoms nor mortality from coccidiosis was noted in reproduction stock. In field conditions E magna and E perforans seemed to induce the weakest resistance, whereas a more marked resistance has been found for E intestinalis and E irresidua. E media appeared to have an intermediate position. Robenidine reduced oocyst output of E magna, E intestinalis, E irresidua, E media and E perforans significantly, whereas clopidol/methyl benzoquate reduced oocyst output of the latter four species only and was least active against E magna. Both drugs also reduced coccidiosis-induced mortality significantly. Medication only before weaning had no distinct influence on coccidial infection, or on mortality by coccidiosis after weaning; nor did those parameters differ significantly between continuously medicated rabbits and rabbits medicated after weaning only. As reproductive stock is protected by immunity, this makes the necessity of medicating does and bucks with anticoccidials questionable in intensive or semi-intensive reproduction systems.
Assuntos
Clopidol/farmacologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Guanidinas/farmacologia , Piridinas/farmacologia , Quinolinas/farmacologia , Quinolonas , Coelhos , Robenidina/farmacologia , Envelhecimento , Animais , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto/veterinária , Coccidiose/imunologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Eimeria/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Masculino , Especificidade da Espécie , DesmameRESUMO
A horse family in which a recombination occurred in the chromosome region coding for the serological specificities of the ELA complex and those of the A blood group system of a mare was further analysed by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and Southern blot hybridization. This family consisted of a stallion, a mare and five full sibs. The stallion and the mare were heterozygous for internationally recognized ELA specificities while only the mare was heterozygous for the A blood group system. MLR between all members of the family confirmed that the stallion possessed two different ELA haplotypes and suggested that recombination in the mare occurred outside the segment delimited by the ELA-A locus and the MLR region. DNA samples from all individuals were investigated by Southern blot analysis using three restriction enzymes (EcoRI, HindIII or TaqI), three human HLA probes (one of class I cDNA and two of class II probes), one cDNA (DR beta) and one genomic (DQ alpha). Class I and class II restriction fragments of the mare segregated in accordance to the ELA specificities and thus clearly confirming that the crossing-over did not occur between the ELA-A gene and the class I, class II region nor between DR beta and DQ alpha subsets. The A blood group genetic determinants would thus be situated outside the ELA region defined by class I and class II genes.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Troca Genética , Cavalos/genética , Complexo Principal de Histocompatibilidade , Animais , Marcadores Genéticos , Cavalos/sangue , Teste de Cultura Mista de LinfócitosRESUMO
Genetic variants of pig serum alpha-protease inhibitors (protease inhibitors-1 and -2, PI1 and PI2; postalbumin-1A and -1B, PO1A and PO1B) were studied by 2-D electrophoresis of serum samples. The inheritance data confirmed the close linkage between the loci of these inhibitors. The order between these loci was indicated as Pi1-Po1A-Po1B-Pi2 and these were spread over a distance of about 1 cM. Very strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the alleles at these loci. The two breeds studied (Belgian Landrace and Piétrain) showed very different allele and haplotype frequencies. Both breeds showed extensive polymorphism at Po1A and Pi2 loci.
Assuntos
Inibidores de Proteases/genética , Suínos/genética , Alelos , Animais , Frequência do Gene , Ligação Genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Inibidores de Proteases/sangue , Suínos/sangueRESUMO
The linkage of the Phi, Pgd, Po2, S, H and halothane sensitivity loci was followed in a Belgian Landrace family, heterozygous for these systems over 6 generations. Recombination next to the S locus occurred mainly in pigs belonging to this particular family. From this investigation the position of the S locus is proved to be outwith the Phi-Pgd region, next to Phi. Therefore the gene sequence S - Phi - Hal - H - Po2 - Pgd is proposed. Higher recombination rates were observed in the female parental line of the multiheterozygous family when compared to the male parental line. Additional data from animals, unrelated to this strain, confirm the evidence of close linkage of the S system to the nearest marker loci.
Assuntos
alfa-Globulinas/genética , Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Ligação Genética , Glucose-6-Fosfato Isomerase/genética , Halotano , Fosfogluconato Desidrogenase/genética , Albumina Sérica/genética , Suínos/genética , Alelos , Animais , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Feminino , Genótipo , Heterozigoto , MasculinoRESUMO
Evidence is presented for close genetic linkage between the structural loci for serum albumin and the vitamin D binding protein (Gc) in Belgian Blue and White cattle. Five recombinants were observed in a total of 342 informative offspring. The recombination frequency between the two loci was estimated as 1.5% +/- 0.9. The observed distribution of the haplotypes deviated from the expected one in the population, probably due to selection and significant linkage disequilibrium.
Assuntos
Evolução Biológica , Ligação Genética , Albumina Sérica/genética , Proteína de Ligação a Vitamina D/genética , Animais , Bovinos , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Masculino , FenótipoRESUMO
The vitamin D binding protein (Gc) and posttransferrin-2 (Ptf-2) phenotypes have been determined in a number of Belgian cattle breeds. A very slow migrating variant of the Gc protein--Gc C--has been found in White and Red East Flemish breed. This variant was absent from the other breeds studied. This slow variant was identified as a vitamin D binding protein by autoradiography. The Gc C protein was shown to be controlled by a codominant autosomal allele Gc C at the Gclocus. The Gc C protein is probably identical with a previously described in buffalo and an Italian cattle breed. The allele frequencies for the Gc and Pft-2 systems are reported for several Belgian breeds of cattle.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Bovinos/genética , Variação Genética , Transferrina/genética , Animais , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Frequência do Gene , Fenótipo , Especificidade da Espécie , Proteína de Ligação a Vitamina DRESUMO
158 Belgian Saddlebreds, 130 Belgian Trotters, 108 Belgian Draft horses and 92 Shetland ponies have been typed for serologically defined antigens at the ELA and ELY systems. Gene frequencies were estimated in each breed for the internationally established ELA, ELY-1 and ELY-2 alleles as well as for locally assigned additional ELA markers and for subtypes of ELA-W3, W9 and W11. The distribution of ELA alleles was in agreement with the expected Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the 4 horse breeds described here. Differences in gene frequencies between these main Belgian horse populations were observed.
Assuntos
Cavalos/imunologia , Isoantígenos/imunologia , Linfócitos/imunologia , Alelos , Animais , Bélgica , Frequência do Gene , Cavalos/genética , Isoantígenos/genética , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Eighty anti-SLA class I reagents were prepared resulting from skin graft and subcutaneous immunizations in 320 fattening pigs of the Belgian Landrace and Pietrain breeds. By means of these alloantisera seven internationally and five locally established specificities were recognized. Three of the locally assigned specificities were new: BM 36, BM 37 and BM 38. They were serologically and genetically defined. The typing battery was completed with French and Danish reagents, and correlation coefficients were calculated for the main alloantisera recognizing SLA class I alloantigens observed in the Belgian breeds. The SLA haplotype frequencies were estimated in 372 Belgian Landrace and 369 Pietrain pigs. The SLA haplotype distribution differs significantly between both breeds and the genetic distance (0.54) at the SLA system is quite high.
Assuntos
Genes MHC Classe I , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade/genética , Suínos/imunologia , Animais , Frequência do Gene , Haplótipos , Imunização , Isoanticorpos/biossíntese , Especificidade da Espécie , Suínos/genéticaRESUMO
The Third International Workshop on Lymphocyte Alloantigens of the Horse was held on 25-27 April 1984 in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania. Twelve laboratories from five countries participated. The principal purpose of this Workshop was to determine the phenotypic and gene frequencies of the 10 equine lymphocyte antigens (ELA) and a non-ELA lymphocyte antigen, ELY-2.1, in several breeds of horse. A total of 86 alloantisera characterized in previous workshops were tested against lymphocytes from 1179 horses. In addition, several experimental antisera were also tested against the same panel of lymphocytes. As a result of analysis of these data, the Workshop recognized two new equine lymphocyte alloantigens: W11 of the ELA system, and ELY-1.1, an antigen not linked to the ELA system.