1H NMR in a quasi-one-dimensional zig-zag spin chain of hambergite, Be2BO3(OH).

One-dimensional spin chains are important testbeds for the investigation of quantum many-body systems. Here, we introduce a new quasi-one-dimensional chain of spin-1/2 1H nuclei in hambergite (Be2BO3(OH)) crystal. The distinctive feature of hambergite is the zig-zag arrangement of the spins in the chains compared to the systems reported earlier. A single crystal of hambergite was investigated experimentally using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance at different orientations in the external magnetic field. The experimental spectra were compared with the Van Vleck's second moments calculated from the structural data. For the orientation of the chain along the external magnetic field the resonance resembles that of the linear spin chains and the calculated contributions to the second moment from spins within one chain of hambergite amount to 96%. For other orientations the spectra demonstrate features specific to the zig-zag chain. Our results show that 1H nuclei in hambergite crystals could serve a good model of a well-isolated zig-zag spin chain.

[Sphygmogram analysis based on phase trajectories].

Mattier's differential equation for parametric oscillation is suggested to be used as a method for simulating quasi-periodic processes in human body in terms of oscillation of the pulse wave produced by heart contraction. Obtained sphygmograms agree qualitatively with solutions of the Mattier's and Hill's equations at given shape of the exciting signal. A method of diagnosis based on assessment of the Mattier's equation solution stability from the phase trajectories is suggested.

Piezoelectric Accelerator.

Here we propose the conception of small-size piezoelectric accelerator of charged particles that operates due to the piezoelectric effect at varying mechanical force applied to piezoelectrics in vacuum. The accelerating voltage and the energy of accelerated particles are estimated. In the proof-of-principle experiment we demonstrate the effect of the emission of X-ray radiation at the mechanical compression of piezoelectric ceramics in vacuum. The compression leads to the appearance of charges and potentials on the surfaces of the piezoelectrics and also to the arising of the electric field in vacuum. Electrons are accelerated in the electric field, strike the matter and produce the X-ray radiation. In the experiment, we have observed emission of the characteristic and bremsstrahlung X-ray radiation of energy up to 60 keV due to the compression of piezoelectric ceramics in vacuum. This means that electrons are accelerated in the piezoelectric accelerator up to the energy at least of 60 keV. The agreement of calculated and experimental data confirms the conception. Advantages of the piezoelectric accelerator and possibilities of its development and applications are discussed.

[Reconstructive-restoration surgeries for nonspeciphic ulcerative colitis and colonic Crohn's disease].

Results of surgical treatment of 88 patients were presented, to whom radical surgery for nonspeciphic ulcerative colitis and Krohn's disease was performed. In 92% of observations the first-stage operation consisted of subtotal colectomy procedure with formation of separate ileostoma and sygmostoma, which was modified in the clinic. The reconstructive-restoration operation was performed in 61 (69.4%) of patients in 12 months after the first operation. The necessity to estimate the degree of the excluded colon readiness for the reconstructive-restoration operation performance was established, the terms of its application as well as the method and character of the operation were substantiated. The postoperative complications rate was (45,5+/-5,3)%. The result of reconstructive-restoration operation was considered good in 12, fair--in 61, unfair--in 15 patients. All the patients are alive.

Electrosurface properties of poly(ethylene terephtalate) track membranes.

The electrosurface properties of track membranes made from poly(ethylene terephtalate) were determined by streaming potential (SP) and electron spin resonance (ESR) methods. The membrane pore diameters were in range from 20 to 200 nm. The pore electrical charge surface density values calculated with data obtained with methods mentioned differed dramatically. This difference was explained with the gel layer located at pore surface. The pore possesses a high large surface amassing a large electrical charge arising as a result of carboxylic groups dissociation. This charge cannot be detected with SP method due to high hydraulic resistance of the gel layer. In contrast to SP method, ESR detects all active centres parental of electrical charge at gel surface.

Electron spin resonance studies of free radicals in gamma-irradiated soybean paste.

Free radicals in gamma-irradiated soybean paste were investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to determine the effect of temperature (77-296 K) and moisture content (1-54%) of samples irradiated at high dose (1-40 kGy). The samples were kept in liquid nitrogen (77 K) during irradiation and subsequent ESR measurements. The spectra shown at 77 K consisted of the hydrogen atom lines at low and high field and complicated symmetric spectrum. By increasing the microwave power, the line shape of ESR spectra altered, which indicated the detection of different paramagnetic centers at different microwave powers. In saturation curves, it was possible to select four types of spectra components which were different in their relaxation times. By the different irradiation doses, the change in free radical concentration showed a curvilinearly increasing relationship with irradiation dose in wet samples, whereas a proportional relationship was observed with dried samples. This might indicate that the indirect process of free radical formation was involved with the existence of free water radicals in the wet samples.

[Immunological and zooparasitological characteristics of epizootics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in natural foci in the Amur River region]. / Immunologicheskaia i zoologo-parazitologicheskaia kharakteristika épizootii gemorragicheskoi likhoradki s pochechnym sindromom v prirodnykh ochagakh Priamur'ia.

In natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) located in agricultural landscapes, rodents of various species are infected with the virus, however, regular HFRS epizootics are observed in field mice which present the highest abundance of infected animals in the population. Annually, a high direct correlation is observed between the population density of rodents and the percentage of animals with HFRS virus antigen in the blood and lungs. In 1981, there was a high correlation between the occurrence of rodents with Gamasid mites and the presence of the antigen in the blood. All the foregoing suggests that HFRS agent exists in natural foci due to a combination of different transmission mechanisms (obligate-transmissive mechanism) and penetrates into murine rodents by various modes: air--dust-borne and/or alimentary and transmissive. Non-transmissive modes are likely to be the leading ones.

[Area and natural reservoirs of hemorrhagic fever virus with kidney syndrome in the Far East of the USSR]. / Areal i prirodnye rezervuary virusa gemorragicheskoi likhoradki s pochechnym sindromom na dal'nem vostoke SSSR.

Lungs of 9127 small mammals of 17 species trapped in Khabarovsk region, Magadan, Amur, and Sakhalin regions in 1982-1987 were examined, among them 11 species are reservoirs of HFRS virus. Most frequently infected are striped field mice and Japanese field mice, red voles and large-toothed red-backed voles which are the dominant species of the appropriate landscape formations. Circulation of two HFRS virus serotypes among small mammals was demonstrated. The main epidemiological role belongs to the striped field mouse in HFRS foci of the meadow-field type, and to Asiatic field mouse in forest foci in the territories examined.

[Proinflammatory cytokines and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in ischemic heart disease]. / Provospalitel'nye tsitokiny i rastvorimaia molekula mezhkletochnoi adgezii-1 pri ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Blood serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were measured by ELISA in patients with stable and unstable angina. Levels of cytokines and sICAM-1 were elevated in patients with stable and were even higher in patients with unstable angina. Among patients with stable angina those with more severe symptoms had higher serum activity of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Increased expression of sICAM-1 was associated with augmented systemic secretion of cytokines. This association was more pronounced in patients with unstable angina. Patients with stable angina and hyperlipidemia compared with those with normal lipids had higher levels of sICAM-1. Levels of both cytokines were similar in patients with and without hyperlipidemia. However levels of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol increased while level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased with elevation of TNF-alpha from the lowest to the highest tertile.

[Prostaglandins and thromboxane in coronary arteriosclerosis]. / Prostaglandiny i tromboksan pri koronarnom ateroskleroze.

The prostanoid status was assessed in 138 patients with coronary atherosclerosis and clinical signs of stable angina. Plasma prostaglandin F2 alpha and E1, and stable prostacyclin and thromboxane metabolites were measured radioimmunologically, using standard kits. A relationship is demonstrated between the severity of clinical manifestations, and pattern and magnitude of change in individual prostanoids.

[Bile acids in coronary arteriosclerosis]. / Zhelchnye kisloty pri koronarnom ateroskleroze.

Seventy-six patients with chronic coronary heart disease of the atherosclerotic genesis were examined using clinical laboratory and instrumental research methods. The blood serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins and bile acids were measured throughout the course of treatment. When hyperlipoproteinemias were divided according to phenotypes, type II hyperlipoproteinemia proved to be most commonly occurring (65.8%). The patients exhibited lower blood serum levels of bile acids as compared to control.

[Hyperplastic changes and aldosterone content in the adrenal cortex in essential hypertension and primary aldosteronism]. / [Giperplasticheskie izmeneniia i soderzhanie al'dosterona v kore nadpochechnikov pri éssentsial'noi gipertonii i pervichnom al'dosteronizme.

Autopsy and operative material (adrenalectomy for hyperaldosteronism) was studied to elucidate morphology, incidence of nodules, aldosterone content in the adrenal of patients with essential hypertension (EH). It was established than nodular masses in the adrenals in the form of micro and macronodules are present in 80% of EH patients. Aldosterone content in the adrenals in both nodules and in the adjacent cortex is significantly higher than in the adrenals of patients without EH. This fact as well as increased cell nuclei size in the fascicular and glomerular zones indicate high secretory activity of the adrenals in EH. Clinicomorphological comparisons in patients after adrenalectomy because of hyperaldosteronism syndrome allow to conclude that grave forms of EH may be followed by aldosteronism syndromes with nodular hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex being the basis of the syndrome. Indications to adrenalectomy require clear criteria of differential diagnosis with primary aldosteronism.

[Tick-borne encephalitis in a northern zone of coniferous and broad-leaved forests of a focal region of the Amur River basin]. / Kleshchevoi éntsefalit na severe zony khvoino-shirokolistvennykh lesov ochagovogo regiona Priamur'ia.

The geographical variability of the population of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus in the northern part of the zone of combined coniferous and broad-leaved forests was established; this variability was manifested by higher virulence and homogeneity of TBE virus strains, as shown in experiments on white mice receiving the virus extraneurally, in comparison with the southern part of the zone and by higher virus carriership of the ticks Ixodes persulcatus. With the epizootic situation remaining tense and the danger of TBE virus infection still present, TBE morbidity and mortality rates decreased in the years of the construction of the Baikal-Amur Railroad, which was due to greater attention given to measures for the prophylaxis of TBE during this period.

[Fauna and ecology of small mammal lice in Priamur'e]. / K faune i ékologii vshei melkikh mlekopitaiushchikh Priamur'ia

Lice occurring on small mammals of Priamurje are represented by six species. Of 6501 insects collected 91.2% fall on H. acanthopus. 99.8% of lice were collected from rodents of which the main hosts are Clethrionomys rufocanus and Microtus fortis. The active reproduction of insects takes place in a warm period. High abundance indices were registered from April to July: abundance indices were from 0.6 to 3.0; occurrence indices--from 10.1 to 24.9%.

[Ectoparasites of small mammals in the eastern portion of the Baikal-Amure mainline]. / Ektoparazity melkikh mlekopitaiushchikh vostochnoi chasti BAMa.

11.501 ectoparasites of 45 species were collected from small mammals (rodents, shrews and double-toothed rodents) in the north-eastern part of Priamurje. The parasitecoenoses are formed in general by gamasid mites (60.4%) and lice(24.7%) but faunistically fleas (19 species or 42.2%) are dominant. Among all ectoparasites the gamasid mites, Laelaps clethrionomydis and Hirstionyssus isabellinus, and the louse Hoplopleura acanthopus account for 64.9%. The impoverishment of the arthropod fauna in the northern part of Priamurje as compared to southern ones proceeds at the expence of chigger mites and more thermophilous species of gamasids and ixodids. With cultivation of forests the content of members of parasitecoenoses becomes more homogenous and their abundance falls.

[The content of fibronectin, fibrinogen, its degradation products and myoglobin in patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Soderzhanie fibronektina, fibrinogena, produktov ego degradatsii i mioglobina u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

ELISA using the test systems and a complex of equipment manufactured by Flow Company was employed to study over time the content of fibronectin, fibrinogen, products of its degradation and myoglobin in 178 patients suffering from coronary heart disease (stable and progressive angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction). The concentration of myoglobin, fibronectin, fibrinogen and products of its degradation was established to depend on the gravity of coronary heart disease and the tame elapsed since the disease onset. In patients with progressive disease, there was an increased consumption of fibronectin which may be due both to its expenditure during blood coagulation and fulfillment of angioprotective function because of exacerbation of systemic atherosclerosis.

[Effects of inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme on endothelial dysfunction in patients with stable angina pectoris]. / Vliianie ingibitorov angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta na endotelial'nuiu disfunktsiiu u bol'nykh stabil'noi stenokardiei.

The article focuses on the antiatherosclerotic and antiischemic potential of inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and discusses the issue of their administration in those patients with ischemic heart disease presenting with no disorders in the function of the left ventricle. The studies under way, Simvastatin Coronary' Atherosclerosis Trial (SCAT), Prevention of Atherosclerosis Risk and Thrombosis (PART-2) among them, will, we believe, help in answering the question.

[Asymptomatic myocardial ischemia in the dynamics of anaprilin and korinfar treatment]. / Bessimptomnaia ishemiia miokarda v dinamike lecheniia anaprilinom i korinfarom.

Overall thirty-eight patients with exertional angina who had episodes of asymptomatic change of position of T-segment were examined. The above patients were divided into two groups: group I was placed on anaprilin treatment (80-120 mg daily), group II received corinfar (60 mg daily). Episodes of asymptomatic ischemia of the myocardium (AIM) showed two peaks in their 24 h-span occurrence, with the greatest number of these being recordable in early morning hours (from six a.m. to noon), somewhat less--within the time span 12 o'clock-0.6 p.m. Anaprilin monotherapy is more effective than corinfar monotherapy in respect to reduction of AIM episodes occurrences. However, corinfar, unlike anaprilin, prevented the appearance of the evening peak of episodes of "silent" ischemia.

[The effect of plasmapheresis and antianginal therapy on lipid metabolism, eicosanoids and the thrombocytic link of hemostasis in patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Vliianie plazmafereza i antianginal'noi terapii na lipidnyi obmen, éikozanoidy i trombotsitarnoe zveno gemostaza u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

A study of 126 patients with stenocardia receiving antianginal treatment was carried out with purpose of evaluating the effect of plasmapheresis on the clinical course of the disease, functional activity of thrombocytes, eicosanoids and lipid metabolism. It was shown that plasmapheresis improves the clinical condition of patients with ischemic heart disease, increases the tolerance to physical loads in patients with stenocardia. The mechanism of action of plasmapheresis is related to improvement of the lipid metabolism, system of eicosanoids, and thrombocytic link of hemostasis.