Pulsed azithromycin treatment is as effective and safe as 2-week-longer daily doxycycline treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority study.

Efficacy and safety of azithromycin and doxycycline for the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris were evaluated (240 patients) in both intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations. The evaluation of clinical efficacy was based on the change in the number of facial inflammatory lesions from baseline to the end of treatment, and noninferiority was defined by the upper 95% confidence limit of the difference between two treatments being less than 9. Reduction in the number of lesions was similar with both azithromycin and doxycycline treatments (27 +/- 12 and 30 +/- 12, respectively) in both groups. Also, the upper 95% confidence limit of 5 inflammatory lesions has satisfied the noninferiority criterion. The incidence of adverse events did not differ between the two treatment groups. The shorter and simpler treatment schedule of azithromycin had similar efficacy and safety as doxycycline in the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris, confirming noninferiority of azithromycin as compared with doxycycline.

Comparative analysis of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic prostatitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

A total of 89 patients, (>18 years), with symptoms of chronic prostatitis and inflammatory findings as well as the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis confirmed by DNA/RNA DIGENE hybridization method and/or by isolation, McCoy culture and Lugol stain in expressed prostatic secretion or in voided bladder urine collected immediately after prostatic massage, were examined. The patients were randomized to receive a total of 4.5 g of azithromycin for 3 weeks, given as a 3-day therapy of 1 x 500 mg weekly or ciprofloxacin 500 mg b.i.d. for 20 days. Patients' sexual partners were treated at the same time. Clinical and bacteriological efficacy were evaluated 4-6 weeks after the end of therapy. Significantly higher eradication (36/45: 17/44; P=0.0002) and a significantly higher clinical cure (31/45: 15/44; P=0.0021) were achieved in the group of patients treated with azithromycin than in the ciprofloxacin group.

Comparative randomized pilot study of azithromycin and doxycycline efficacy in the treatment of prostate infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

The study included 125 adult patients (> 18years of age) who had symptoms of chronic prostatitis and proven presence of Chlamydia trachomatis. The presence of C. trachomatis was confirmed in expressed prostatic secretion or in voided bladder urine collected immediately after prostatic massage by a DNA/RNA hybridization method and/or by isolation on McCoy culture and then by immunofluorescent typing with monoclonal antibodies. The patients were randomized in the ratio 2/1; azithromycin/doxycycline, to receive a total of 4.0 g azithromycin over 4 weeks, given as a single dose of 1 x 1000 mg weekly for 4 weeks or doxycycline 100 mg b.i.d. for 28 days. Patients' sexual partners were treated at the same time. Clinical and bacteriological efficacy was evaluated 4-6 weeks after the end of therapy. In the group of patients with chlamydial infection of the prostate, there was no significant difference between the eradication rates (azithromycin 65/82, doxycycline 33/43; P = 0.82) and the clinical cure rates (azithromycin 56/82, doxycycline 30/43; P = 0.94) of the two antimicrobials.