Recent advances in discovery and biosynthesis of natural products from myxobacteria: an overview from 2017 to 2023.

Covering: 2017.01 to 2023.11Natural products biosynthesized by myxobacteria are appealing due to their sophisticated chemical skeletons, remarkable biological activities, and intriguing biosynthetic enzymology. This review aims to systematically summarize the advances in the discovery methods, new structures, and bioactivities of myxobacterial NPs reported in the period of 2017-2023. In addition, the peculiar biosynthetic pathways of several structural families are also highlighted.

Pyrrole-Based Fully Non-fused Acceptor for Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells.

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are still suffering from the low light utilization and unstable under ultraviolet irradiation. To tackle these challenges, we design and synthesize a non-fused acceptor based on 1-(2-butyloctyl)-1H-pyrrole as π-bridge unit, denoted as GS70, which serves as active layer in the front-cell for constructing tandem OSCs with a parallel configuration. Benefiting from the well-complementary absorption spectra with the rear-cell, GS70-based parallel tandem OSCs exhibit an improved photoelectron response over the range between 600-700 nm, yielding a high short-circuit current density of 28.4 mA cm-2. The improvement in light utilization translates to a power conversion efficiency of 19.4 %, the highest value among all parallel tandem OSCs. Notably, owing to the intrinsic stability of GS70, the manufactured parallel tandem OSCs retain 84.9 % of their initial PCE after continuous illumination for 1000 hours. Overall, this work offers novel insight into the molecular design of low-cost and stability non-fused acceptors, emphasizing the importance of adopting a parallel tandem configuration for achieving efficient light harvesting and improved photostability in OSCs.

Constructing a Myxobacterial Natural Product Database to Facilitate NMR-Based Metabolomics Bioprospecting of Myxobacteria.

Myxobacteria are fascinating prokaryotes featuring a potent capacity for producing a wealth of bioactive molecules with intricate chemical topology as well as intriguing enzymology, and thus it is critical to developing an efficient pipeline for bioprospecting. Herein, we construct the database MyxoDB, the first public compendium solely dedicated to myxobacteria, which enabled us to provide an overview of the structural diversity and taxonomic distribution of known myxobacterial natural products. Moreover, we demonstrated that the cutting-edge NMR-based metabolomics was effective to differentiate the biosynthetic priority of myxobacteria, whereby MyxoDB could greatly streamline the dereplication of multifarious known compounds and accordingly speed up the discovery of new compounds. This led to the rapid identification of a class of linear di-lipopeptides (archangimins) and a rare rearranged sterol (corasterol) that were endowed with unique chemical architectures and/or biosynthetic enzymology. We also showcased that NMR-based metabolomics, MyxoDB, and genomics can also work concertedly to accelerate the targeted discovery of a polyketidic compound pyxipyrrolone C. All in all, this study sets the stage for the discovery of many more novel natural products from underexplored myxobacterial resources.

Low-Cost Fully Non-fused Ring Acceptor Enables Efficient Organic Photovoltaic Modules for Multi-Scene Applications.

Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, with highly tunable light-response ranges, offer significant potential for use in driving low-power consumption off-grid electronics in multi-scenarios. However, development of photoactive layer materials that can meet simultaneously the requirements of diverse irradiation conditions is a still challenging task. Herein, a low-cost fully non-fused acceptor (denoted as GS60) featuring well-matched absorption spectra with solar, scattered light and artificial light radiation was designed and synthesized. Systematic characterizations revealed that GS60 possessed outstanding photoelectron properties and ideal morphology, which resulted in reduced voltage loss and suppressed charge recombination. By blending with a non-fused ring polymer PTVT-T, the as-obtained GS60 based OPV cells achieved a good power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.1 %, a high value for the cells based on non-fused ring bulk heterojunction. Besides, manufactured large-area OPV modules based on PTVT-T:GS60 yielded PCEs of 11.2 %, 11.8 %, 12.1 %, 23.1 %, and 20.3 % under irradiation of AM 1.5G, natural light of cloudy weather, natural light in shadow, laser and indoor, respectively. The PTVT-T:GS60 devices exhibited considerable potential in terms of improving photostability and reducing material cost. Overall, this work provides novel insight into the molecular design of low-cost non-fused ring acceptors, and extended potential of medium band gap acceptors based OPV cells used in various application scenarios.

Alternatone A, an Unusual Perylenequinone-Related Compound from a Soft-Coral-Derived Strain of the Fungus Alternaria alternata.

A novel perylenequinone-related compound, alternatone A (1), with an unprecedented tricyclo[6.3.1.02,7] dodecane skeleton, together with three known perylenequinones, altertoxin I (2), stemphyperylenol (3), and alterperylenol (4), was isolated from the soft-coral-derived fungus Alternaria alternata L3111'. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, electronic circular dichroism calculations, and X-ray diffraction data. Compound 4 showed cytotoxicity against A-549, HCT-116, and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values of 2.6, 2.4, and 3.1 µM, respectively. A possible biosynthetic pathway of 1 was proposed.

Adsorption of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol onto granular activated carbon in water: isotherms, thermodynamics, kinetics, and influencing factors.

Adsorption was found to be an acceptable treatment option to remove geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB). It is meaningful to investigate the adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon (GAC) for the two algal odorants in water, and the influences of natural organic material (NOM) and particle size. The adsorption process was studied with the four isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and modified Freundlich), four kinetic models (pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order, Elovich, and intra-particle), and thermodynamics. The results showed that the adsorption of both compounds could be best described by the modified Freundlich isotherm and pseudo second-order model, and the obtained thermodynamic parameters (changes in heat of adsorption, entropy, and Gibbs free energy) revealed that the adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous. Downsizing the particle size of GAC was effective for improving the adsorption capacity and rate. The concentrations of the two odorants could be reduced from 500 ng L-1 to less than 10 ng L-1 with the presence of NOM (<20 mg L-1 total organic carbon, TOC).

The simplest acquisition protocol is sometimes the best protocol: performing and learning a 1:2 bimanual coordination task.

An experiment was conducted to determine if the performance and learning of a multi-frequency (1:2) coordination pattern between the limbs are enhanced when a model is provided prior to each acquisition trial. Research has indicated very effective performance of a wide variety of bimanual coordination tasks when Lissajous plots with goal templates are provided, but this research has also found that participants become dependent on this information and perform quite poorly when it is withdrawn. The present experiment was designed to test three forms of modeling (Lissajous with template, Lissajous without template, and limb model), but in each situations, the model was presented prior to practice and not available during the performance of the task. This was done to decrease dependency on the model and increase the development of an internal reference of correctness that could be applied on test trials. A control condition was also collected, where a metronome was used to guide the movement. Following less than 7 min of practice, participants in the three modeling conditions performed the first test block very effectively; however, performance of the control condition was quite poor. Note that Test 1 was performed under the same conditions as used during acquisition. Test 2 was conducted with no augmented information provided prior to or during the performance of the task. Only participants in the limb model condition were able to maintain performance on Test 2. The findings suggest that a very simple intuitive display can provide the necessary information to form an effective internal representation of the coordination pattern which can be used guide performance when the augmented display is withdrawn.

A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Mindful Exercises on Rehabilitative Outcomes Among Poststroke Patients.

OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the rehabilitative effects of mindful exercises for poststroke patients. DATA SOURCES: Six databases (PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) and reference lists of relevant articles were searched. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials on the effects of mindful exercises on rehabilitative outcomes such as sensorimotor function, gait speed, leg strength, aerobic endurance, cognitive function, and overall motor function. DATA EXTRACTION: Two investigators independently screened eligible studies according to the eligible criteria, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 20 studies that satisfied the eligibility criteria were finally included. The sum scores of 5-9 points in the adapted Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale indicates low-to-medium risk of bias. The study results of meta-analysis indicate that mindful exercise intervention was significantly associated with improved sensorimotor function on both lower limb (standardized mean difference=0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-1.15; P<.001; I2=62.67%) and upper limb (standardized mean difference=0.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-1.01; P<.001; I2=32.36%). CONCLUSIONS: This review suggests that mindful exercises are effective in improving sensorimotor function of lower and upper limbs in poststroke patients. The effects on gait speed, leg strength, aerobic endurance, overall motor function, and other outcomes (eg, cognitive function, gait parameters) require further investigation for allowing evidence-based conclusions.

Phytochemical Composition, Hepatoprotective, and Antioxidant Activities of Phyllodium pulchellum (L.) Desv.

Phyllodiumpulchellum has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb because of its health-promoting effects, such as its hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. In the present study, the petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, n-butanol fraction, and aqueous fraction were successively obtained from the ethanol extract of P. pulchellum. Two fractions, ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction, were found to display hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Further chemical investigation of the active fractions led to the isolation of its main constituents, including 11 flavonoids (1⁻11) and 8 indole alkaloids (12⁻19). There were 9 flavonoids (1⁻9) that were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction, and 2 flavonoids (10 and 11) and 8 alkaloids (12⁻19) from the n-butanol fraction. Compounds 1⁻11 and 16⁻19 were isolated for the first time from P. pulchellum, and 1, 2, 8, 11, and 18 were obtained from the genus Phyllodium initially. Subsequently, the isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro hepatoprotective effects on the human normal hepatocyte cell line L-O2 injured by d-galactosamine and radical scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The flavonoids (-)-epigallocatechin (5) and (-)-epicatechin (6) exhibited prominent hepatoprotective activities with higher cell viability values (65.53% and 62.40% at 10 µM·mL-1, respectively) than the positive control, silymarin (61.85% at 10 µM·mL-1). In addition, compared with the positive control of vitamin C (IC50: 5.14 µg·mL-1), (-)-gallocatechin (3) and (-)-epigallocatechin (5) exhibited stronger antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 3.80 and 3.97 µg·mL-1, respectively. Furthermore, the total flavonoids from P. pulchellum were characterized using a high-performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS). In total, 34 flavonoids were tentatively identified, which had not been previously reported from P. pulchellum. In addition, we performed a semi-quantitative analysis of the isolated flavonoids. The contents of compounds 1⁻11 were 3.88, 17.73, 140.35, 41.93, 27.80, 4.34, 0.01, 0.20, 9.67, 795.85, and 5.23 µg·g-1, respectively. In conclusion, this study revealed that the flavonoids that were isolated from P. pulchellum showed hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities, indicating that, besides alkaloids, the flavonoids should be the potential pharmacodynamic ingredients that are responsible for the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of P. pulchellum.

Effects of renal denervation on blood-pressure response to hemorrhagic shock in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

PURPOSE: Renal denervation (RD) has been demonstrated to be an effective approach to reduce blood pressure for those with resistant hypertension. Yet, we aimed to explore the effect and possible mechanism of RD on blood-pressure response to hemorrhagic shock in spontaneously hypertensive rats. METHODS: A total of 48 male spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomized to three groups: study group, sham-operation group and control group. RD was achieved by cutting off renal nerves and swabbing phenol on it. Ten weeks after RD, 8 rats in each group were sacrificed to collect the kidney and heart tissues. The remaining rats were subjected to an operation to induce hemorrhagic shock which would lead to 40% loss of total blood volume, and observed for 120 min. The serum concentration of norepinephrine was measured before and three weeks after RD. RESULTS: The blood-pressure and norepinephrine levels were reduced significantly after RD (p < 0.05). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the surgery group were higher than those in the sham and control groups at 15, 30 and 45 min after hemorrhagic shock (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed at 60, 90 and 120 min (p > 0.05). Additionally, the beta-1 adrenergic receptor (ß1-AR) in the study group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups (p < 0.05) after hemorrhagic shock. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that RD could to some extent improve blood-pressure response to hemorrhagic shock in an established model of severe hemorrhagic shock in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The mechanism might be associated with up-regulation of ß1-AR.

Lowering minimum eye height to increase peak knee and hip flexion during landing.

The purpose was to determine the effect of lowering minimum eye height through an externally focused object on knee and hip flexion and impact forces during jump-landing. Kinematics and ground reaction forces were collected when 20 male and 19 female participants performed jump-landing trials with their natural minimum eye height, and trials focusing on lowering their minimum eye height to an external object, which was set at 5% or 10% of standing height lower. Participants demonstrated decreased minimum eye height and increased peak knee and hip flexion during early-landing and stance phase when focusing on lowering eye height to the external object (p < 0.01). Peak vertical ground reaction forces during early-landing also decreased for the greater force group (p < 0.001). Jump-landing training through manipulating eye height provides a strategy that involves an external focus and intrinsic feedback, which may have advantages in promoting learning and practical application.

Do accuracy requirements change bimanual and unimanual control processes similarly?

Unimanual (left and right limbs) and bimanual (in-phase) reciprocal aiming tasks were tested to determine if the control processes used to perform the unimanual aiming tasks were also present in bimanual aiming tasks. Participants were asked to move a cursor as quickly and accurately as possible between the two targets presented in a Lissajous feedback display. The size of the targets created indexes of difficulty (ID) of 3, 4, 5, and 6 and the position of the targets created bimanual and unimanual conditions. The results indicated that, as ID increased, the end-effectors' motion gradually switched from a cyclical to a more discrete motion for both unimanual and bimanual aiming tasks. However, the transition in control processes (i.e., the transition between cyclical and more discrete motions) tended to occur at a lower ID for the bimanual than the unimanual aiming tasks. Results also indicated that at ID6, bimanual aiming tasks were performed slower, more variable, and right limb dwelled at the targets longer than in the unimanual aiming task. No differences in performance were detected between the unimanual (left and right) and bimanual conditions at IDs 3-5. In terms of bimanual coordination, increasing the accuracy requirement resulted in decreased relative phase bias, but not more stable coupling between the two limbs.

Simultaneous determination of haloanisoles and halophenols in water using in situ acylation combined with solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

In this work, an in situ acylation combined with solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry method has been developed for simultaneously determining haloanisoles (2,4,6-trichloranisole, 2,4,6-tribromoanisole), and their direct precursors (2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-tribromophenol) and indirect precursors (2-chloropenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2-bromophenol, 2,4-dibromophenol) in water. The key parameters for the solid-phase microextraction were determined by using Plackett-Burman screening and optimized by central composite optimization. Under optimal conditions, the eight compounds can be analyzed in a short time (33 min) with a strong linearity ranging from 2 to 200 ng/L (correlation coefficient greater than 0.996), showing good sensitivities with the limit of detection in a range of 0.23-0.91 ng/L and a limit of quantification of 0.77-3.03 ng/L, good repeatability (2.00-9.10%) and interday precision (1.67-11.3%). When environmental water samples were treated, the recoveries of target compounds were 75.5-127.3%, suggesting that the developed method could be applied in probing the origin of haloanisoles and monitoring halophenols and haloanisoles in natural waters at concentration levels of ng/L.

Economic burden of gastrointestinal cancer under the protection of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme in a region of rural China with high incidence of oesophageal cancer: cross-sectional survey.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the financial burden of oesophageal cancer under the protection of the new Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) and to provide evidence and suggestions to policymakers in a high-incidence region in China. METHODS: We analysed inpatient claim data for oesophageal cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer from 1 January to 31 December 2013. The data were extracted from the NCMS management system of Hua County, Henan Province, a typical high-risk region for oesophageal cancer in China. Cancer-specific health economic indicators were calculated to evaluate the financial burden under the protection of the local NCMS. RESULTS: The total cost of oesophageal cancer was 2.7-3.6 times higher than that of gastric cancer and colorectal cancer, respectively, due to high incidence of oesophageal cancer. For each hospitalisation to treat oesophageal cancer, the average total cost and out-of-pocket expenses after reimbursement equalled an entire year's gross domestic product per capita and per capita disposable income, respectively, for the local area. The average total cost per hospitalisation for oesophageal cancer increased monotonically with hospital level for surgical hospitalisations, and it increased more rapidly for non-surgical hospitalisations (from $301 to $2589, 860%) than for gastric cancer (from $289 to $1453, 503%) and colorectal cancer (from $359 to $1610, 448%). Vulnerable groups with less access to high-level hospitals were found in different gender and age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Oesophageal cancer imposes serious financial burdens on communities and patients' households in this high-incidence region, and no preferential policy from the local NCMS has been designed to address this issue. A special supportive policy should be developed on the basis of local disease profiles and population characteristics to alleviate the financial burden of populations at high risk for certain high-cost diseases.

Bimanual force control: cooperation and interference?

Three experiments were designed to determine the level of cooperation or interference observed from the forces generated in one limb on the forces exhibited by the contralateral limb when one or both limbs were producing a constant force (Experiment 1), one limb was producing a dynamic force while the other limb was producing a constant force (Experiment 2), and both limbs were producing dynamic force patterns (Experiment 3). The results for both Experiments 1 and 2 showed relatively strong positive time series cross correlations between the left and right limb forces indicating increases or decreases in the forces generated by one limb resulted in corresponding changes in the forces produced by the homologous muscles of the contralateral limb. Experiment 3 required participants to coordinate 1:1 and 1:2 rhythmical bimanual force production tasks when provided Lissajous feedback. The results indicated very effective performance of both bimanual coordination patterns. However, identifiable influences of right limb forces on the left limb force time series were observed in the 1:2 coordination pattern but not in the 1:1 pattern. The results of all three experiments support the notion that neural crosstalk is partially responsible for the stabilities and instabilities associated with bimanual coordination.

Naphthalenones and Depsidones from a Sponge-Derived Strain of the Fungus Corynespora cassiicola.

Two new naphthalenones, corynenones A and B (1 and 2), and one new depsidone, corynesidone E (3), together with one known depsidone, corynesidone A (4) and two known diphenyl ethers, corynethers A (5) and B (6), were isolated from the sponge-derived fungus Corynespora cassiicola XS-20090I7. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 4 and 5 showed cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell lines.

Machine unlearning in brain-inspired neural network paradigms.

Machine unlearning, which is crucial for data privacy and regulatory compliance, involves the selective removal of specific information from a machine learning model. This study focuses on implementing machine unlearning in Spiking Neuron Models (SNMs) that closely mimic biological neural network behaviors, aiming to enhance both flexibility and ethical compliance of AI models. We introduce a novel hybrid approach for machine unlearning in SNMs, which combines selective synaptic retraining, synaptic pruning, and adaptive neuron thresholding. This methodology is designed to effectively eliminate targeted information while preserving the overall integrity and performance of the neural network. Extensive experiments were conducted on various computer vision datasets to assess the impact of machine unlearning on critical performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and ROC AUC. Our findings indicate that the hybrid approach not only maintains but in some cases enhances the neural network's performance post-unlearning. The results confirm the practicality and efficiency of our approach, underscoring its applicability in real-world AI systems.

Genetic improvement of duration of fertility in chickens and its commercial application for extending insemination intervals.

The growth rate of chickens has made remarkable progress in recent decades through continuous breeding efforts. However, this advancement has also led to a decline in fertility among commercially bred chickens. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and improve factors that influence fertility to ensure the continued success of the industry. Here, we conduct a 3-generation selection experiment within 2 purebred female lines, with the aim of increasing the duration of fertility (DF). Duration of fertility refers to the length of time hens remain capable of producing fertilized eggs and is a crucial factor that directly impacts chick output. The results showed that significant genetic progress was achieved in embryo survival rates and the fertility duration day during both the peak and late laying periods. Moreover, after 3 generations of selective breeding, the disparities in embryo survival and chick health rates from setting eggs between 8-d and 5-d insemination intervals in the grandparent stock were significantly reduced. The rates decreased from 1.83% and 2.39 to 0.72% and 0.33%, respectively. Surprisingly, the hatching performances of hens with an 8-d interval were comparable to those hens that had not undergone genetic selection for DF and had a 5-d interval. We further discussed the possibility of extending the insemination interval to 8 d in parent stock for commercial practices. The parental populations exhibited remarkable performance in terms of percentages of embryo survival and healthy chicks from the setting eggs, with rates exceeding 94 and 90%, respectively. Thus, it can be inferred that an extended insemination interval is feasible by genetic selection for DF. These findings will provide valuable insights into the efficacy of genetic selection in enhancing DF and its practical application in commercial breeding programs.

Inflammatory corpuscle AIM2 facilitates macrophage foam cell formation by inhibiting cholesterol efflux protein ABCA1.

The inflammatory corpuscle recombinant absents in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and cholesterol efflux protein ATP binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1) have been reported to play opposing roles in atherosclerosis (AS) plaques. However, the relationship between AIM2 and ABCA1 remains unclear. In this study, we explored the potential connection between AIM2 and ABCA1 in the modulation of AS by bioinformatic analysis combined with in vitro experiments. The GEO database was used to obtain AS transcriptional profiling data; screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and construct a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to obtain AS-related modules. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was used to induce macrophage modelling in THP-1 cells, and ox-LDL was used to induce macrophage foam cell formation. The experiment was divided into Negative Control (NC) group, Model Control (MC) group, AIM2 overexpression + ox-LDL (OE AIM2 + ox-LDL) group, and AIM2 short hairpin RNA + ox-LDL (sh AIM2 + ox-LDL) group. The intracellular cholesterol efflux rate was detected by scintillation counting; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect intracellular cholesterol levels; apoptosis levels were detected by TUNEL kit; levels of inflammatory markers (IL-1ß, IL-18, ROS, and GSH) were detected by ELISA kits; and levels of AIM2 and ABCA1 proteins were detected by Western blot. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the turquoise module correlated most strongly with AS, and AIM2 and ABCA1 were co-expressed in the turquoise module with a trend towards negative correlation. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AIM2 inhibited macrophage cholesterol efflux, resulting in increased intracellular cholesterol levels and foam cell formation. Moreover, AIM2 had a synergistic effect with ox-LDL, exacerbating macrophage oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Silencing AIM2 ameliorated the above conditions. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of AIM2 and ABCA1 were consistent with the bioinformatic analysis, showing a negative correlation. AIM2 inhibits ABCA1 expression, causing abnormal cholesterol metabolism in macrophages and ultimately leading to foam cell formation. Inhibiting AIM2 may reverse this process. Overall, our study suggests that AIM2 is a reliable anti-inflammatory therapeutic target for AS. Inhibiting AIM2 expression may reduce foam cell formation and, consequently, inhibit the progression of AS plaques.

Peroxiredoxin 4 deficiency induces accelerated ovarian aging through destroyed proteostasis in granulosa cells.

Ovarian aging, a complex and challenging concern within the realm of reproductive medicine, is associated with reduced fertility, menopausal symptoms and long-term health risks. Our previous investigation revealed a correlation between Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) and human ovarian aging. The purpose of this research was to substantiate the protective role of PRDX4 against ovarian aging and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism in mice. In this study, a Prdx4-/- mouse model was established and it was observed that the deficiency of PRDX4 led to only an accelerated decline of ovarian function in comparison to wild-type (WT) mice. The impaired ovarian function observed in this study can be attributed to an imbalance in protein homeostasis, an exacerbation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress), and ultimately an increase in apoptosis of granulosa cells. Furthermore, our research reveals a noteworthy decline in the expression of Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in aging Prdx4-/- mice, especially the functional trimer, due to impaired disulfide bond formation. Contrarily, the overexpression of PRDX4 facilitated the maintenance of protein homeostasis, mitigated ER stress, and consequently elevated E2 levels in a simulated KGN cell aging model. Additionally, the overexpression of PRDX4 restored the expression of the correct spatial conformation of FSHR, the functional trimer. In summary, our research reveals the significant contribution of PRDX4 in delaying ovarian aging, presenting a novel and promising therapeutic target for ovarian aging from the perspective of endoplasmic reticulum protein homeostasis.