Proportion of confluent B-Lines predicts respiratory support in term infants shortly after birth.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate the predictive value of a simplified lung ultrasound (LUS) method for forecasting respiratory support in term infants. METHODS: This observational, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study was conducted in a tertiary academic hospital between June and December 2023. A total of 361 neonates underwent LUS examination within 1 h of birth. The proportion of each LUS sign was utilized to predict their respiratory outcomes and compared with the LUS score model. After identifying the best predictive LUS sign, simplified models were created based on different scan regions. The optimal simplified model was selected by comparing its accuracy with both the full model and the LUS score model. RESULTS: After three days of follow-up, 91 infants required respiratory support, while 270 remained healthy. The proportion of confluent B-lines demonstrated high predictive accuracy for respiratory support, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 89.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 84.5-93.7%). The optimal simplified model involved scanning the R/L 1-4 region, yielding an AUC of 87.5% (95% CI: 82.6-92.3%). Both the full model and the optimal simplified model exhibited higher predictive accuracy compared to the LUS score model. The optimal cut-off value for the simplified model was determined to be 15.9%, with a sensitivity of 76.9% and specificity of 91.9%. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of confluent B-lines in LUS can effectively predict the need for respiratory support in term infants shortly after birth and offers greater reliability than the LUS score model.

Immune control in Kawasaki disease knowledge mapping: a bibliometric analysis.

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease is a systemic vascular disease with an unclear pathophysiology that primarily affects children under the age of five. Research on immune control in Kawasaki disease has been gaining attention. This study aims to apply a bibliometric analysis to examine the present and future directions of immune control in Kawasaki disease. METHODS: By utilizing the themes "Kawasaki disease," "Kawasaki syndrome," and "immune control," the Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for publications on immune control in Kawasaki disease. This bibliometric analysis was carried out using VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix." RESULTS: In total, 294 studies on immune control in Kawasaki disease were published in Web of Science Core Collection. The three most significant institutions were Chang Gung University, the University of California San Diego, and Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. China, the United States, and Japan were the three most important countries. In this research field, Clinical and Experimental Immunology was the top-referred journal, while the New England Journal of Medicine was the most co-cited journal. The Web of Science Core Collection document by McCrindle BW et al. published in 2017 was the most cited reference. Additionally, the author keywords concentrated on "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," and "multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children" in recent years. CONCLUSION: The research trends and advancements in immune control in Kawasaki disease are thoroughly summarised in this bibliometric analysis, which is the first to do so. The data indicate recent research frontiers and hot directions, making it easier for researchers to study the immune control of Kawasaki disease.

Perinatal characteristics and neonatal outcomes of singletons and twins in Chinese very preterm infants: a cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of preterm birth has been rising, and there is a paucity of nationwide data on the perinatal characteristics and neonatal outcomes of twin deliveries of very preterm infants (VPIs) in China. This study compared the perinatal characteristics and outcomes of singletons and twins admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in China. METHODS: The study population comprised all infants born before 32 weeks in the Chinese Neonatal Network (CHNN) between January 2019 and December 2019. Three-level and population-average generalized estimating equation (GEE)/alternating logistic regression (ALR) models were used to determine the association of twins with neonatal morbidities and the use of NICU resources. RESULTS: During the study period, there were 6634 (71.2%) singletons and 2680 (28.8%) twins, with mean birth weights of 1333.70 g and 1294.63 g, respectively. Twins were significantly more likely to be delivered by caesarean section (p < 0.01), have antenatal steroid usage (p = 0.048), have been conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) (p < 0.01), have a higher prevalence of maternal diabetes (p < 0.01) and be inborn (p < 0.01) than singletons. In addition, twins had a lower prevalence of small for gestational age, maternal hypertension, and primigravida mothers than singletons (all p < 0.01). After adjusting for potential confounders, twins had higher mortality rates (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.49), higher incidences of short-term composite outcomes (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.50), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (AOR 1.30, 95% CI 1.12-1.50), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (AOR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01-1.21), more surfactant usage (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05-1.41) and prolonged hospital stays (adjusted mean ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06), compared to singletons. CONCLUSION: Our work suggests that twins have a greater risk of mortality, a higher incidence of RDS and BPD, more surfactant usage, and longer NICU stays than singletons among VPIs in China.

[Perinatal risk factors for the occurrence of singleton apparently stillborn infants]. / å•èƒŽæ¿’æ­»å„¿å‘ç”Ÿçš„å›´ç”ŸæœŸå±é™©å› ç´ åˆ†æž.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the perinatal risk factors for the occurrence of singleton apparently stillborn infants. METHODS: This was a case-control study. A total of 154 singleton neonates with gestational age ≥28 weeks and Apgar score of 0-1 who were subsequently successfully resuscitated in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 2006 to December 2015 were enrolled as the case group (apparently stillborn group). A total of 616 singleton infants born from January 2006 to December 2015 (1-minute Apgar score >1) were randomly selected in a 1:4 ratio as the control group. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the perinatal risk factors for the occurrence of apparently stillborn infants. RESULTS: The gestational age and birth weight in the apparently stillborn group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of fetal hydrops, cord prolapse, grade III meconium-stained amniotic fluid, placental abruption, breech presentation, severe pre-eclampsia, maternal general anesthesia at delivery, abnormal antenatal fetal heart monitoring and decreased fetal movement were significantly higher in the apparently stillborn group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic analysis showed that the mother had general anesthesia at delivery (OR=34.520), decreased antenatal fetal movement (OR=28.168),placental abruption (OR=15.641), grade III meconium-stained amniotic fluid (OR=6.365), abnormal antenatal fetal heart monitoring (OR=5.739), and breech presentation (OR=2.614) were risk factors for the occurrence of apparently stillborn infants (P<0.05), while higher gestational age was a protective factor (OR=0.686, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Attention needs to be paid to mothers with abnormal prenatal fetal heart monitoring, decreased fetal movement, preterm labor, placental abruption, breech presentation, grade III meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and general anesthesia. Preparations for resuscitation should be done to rescue apparently stillborn infants.

Biallelic p.V37I variant in GJB2 is associated with increasing incidence of hearing loss with age.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to quantitatively assess the incidence of hearing loss in relation to age in individuals with biallelic p.V37I variant in GJB2. METHODS: Population screening of the biallelic p.V37I variant was performed in 30,122 individuals aged between 0 and 97 years in Shanghai. Hearing thresholds of the biallelic p.V37I individuals and the controls were determined by click auditory brainstem response or pure tone audiometry. RESULTS: Biallelic p.V37I was detected in 0.528% (159/30,122) of the subjects. Of the biallelic p.V37I newborns, 43.91% (18/41) passed their distortion-product otoacoustic emissions-based newborn hearing screening or had hearing thresholds lower than 20 decible above normal hearing level. The older newborns had elevated hearing thresholds, with increasing incidence of 9.52%, 23.08%, 59.38%, and 80.00% for moderate or higher grade of hearing loss in age groups of 7 to 15 years, 20 to 40 years, 40 to 60 years, and 60 to 85 years, respectively. Their hearing deteriorated at a rate of 0.40 dB hearing level per year on average; males were more susceptible, and deterioration occurred preferentially at higher sound frequencies. CONCLUSION: The biallelic p.V37I variant is associated with steadily progressive hearing loss with increasing incidence over the course of life. Most of the biallelic p.V37I individuals may develop significant hearing loss in adulthood and, can benefit from early diagnosis and intervention through wide-spread genetic screening.

[Association between maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcome in twin pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcome in twin pregnancy. METHODS: The clinical data of 2 363 women with twin pregnancy from January 2006 to June 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. According to the age, the women were divided into six groups: <20 years (n=15), 20-24 years (n=158), 25-29 years (n=894), 30-34 years (n=936), 35-39 years (n=320), and ≥40 years group (n=40). The above groups were compared in terms of related baseline features and incidence rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes (preterm birth, birth defect, stillbirth in late pregnancy and small-for-gestational-age birth). A generalized estimating equation was used to investigate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in different age groups. RESULTS: After control for the factors including place of residence, primipara, pregnancy pattern, and gestational diseases, the incidence rates of very preterm birth and moderately preterm birth in the ≥40 years group were 2.60 and 1.99 times than those in the 25-29 years group respectively (P<0.05). The incidence rates of very preterm birth and late preterm birth in the 20-24 years group were 1.99 and 1.33 times than those in the 25-29 years group respectively (P<0.05). The incidence rates of stillbirth in late pregnancy in the <20 years group, the 20-24 years group, and the ≥40 years group were 9.10, 2.88 and 3.97 times than those in the 25-29 years group respectively (P<0.05). The incidence rates of small-for-gestational-age birth in the <20 years group and the 35-39 years group were 2.70 and 0.73 times than those in the 25-29 years group respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In twin pregnancy, pregnant women, aged <20 years, have a higher risk of smaller-for-gestational-age birth and stillbirth in late pregnancy, those aged ≥40 years have a higher risk of very preterm birth, moderately preterm birth and stillbirth in late pregnancy, and those aged 20-24 years have a higher risk of very preterm birth, late preterm birth and stillbirth in late pregnancy.

From embryonic stem cells to induced pluripotent stem cells-Ready for clinical therapy?

Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have increasingly important roles in many different fields of research and medicine. Major areas of impact include improved in vitro disease models, drug screening, and the development of cell-based clinical therapies. Here, we review the generation and uses of embryonic stem cells compared to induced pluripotent stem cells and discuss their advantages and limitations. We also evaluate the feasibility of clinical therapies and the future prospects for induced pluripotent cell-based treatments.

Clinical Features of Neonates with Hydrops Fetalis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of neonates with hydrops fetalis to improve recognition of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical data of 10 neonates with hydrops fetalis were retrospectively studied. Prenatal characteristics, causes, clinical features, and prognosis were explored. RESULTS: Eight neonates presenting abnormal nonstress test suffered from severe neonatal asphyxia at birth and were resuscitated by endotracheal intubation. Nine had skin edema, eight had pleural effusions with one unilateral and seven bilateral. Six had ascites, eight had polyhydramnios, one had multiple malformations and one had chromosome abnormalities. One survived and nine died. Six died due to resuscitation failure in delivery room, two died due to giving up after 1 day and one died due to the treatment failure after 6 months. Causes of hydrops fetalis were a congenital diaphragmatic hemangioma, recurrent atrial premature beats, genetic syndrome suspicious, Down syndrome, congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia, anemia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, placental chorioangioma, and idiopathic edema. CONCLUSION: The prognosis varied because of different etiologies of hydrops fetalis. Severe cases frequently had skin edema and high rate of asphyxia at birth and difficult resuscitation. Timely intrauterine interventions were helpful for successful resuscitation. A well-prepared resuscitation team and the effectiveness of resuscitation could correlate to increasing survival rate.

Ultrasound activated probe for disease imaging and therapy In-Vivo.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is the use of ultrasound (US) to excite sonosensitizers to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce tumor cell death, thereby achieving therapeutic purposes. Based on the strong tissue penetration ability of ultrasound, SDT can realize the treatment of deeper tumors, and it is targeted, can be specifically concentrated at the tumor site, and has little impact on surrounding normal tissues. It has broad clinical transformation prospects. Therefore, sonosensitizers are the key to SDT, and the exploration of sonosensitizers with excellent therapeutic performance has received great attention. We reviewed the development of ultrasound-inspired sound sensitizers for imaging and treatment. First, different types of sonosensitizers are introduced, the construction and performance of inorganic, organic and hybrid types of sonosensitizers are evaluated, followed by a review of different image-guided SDT, and finally the key problems and solutions in this field are discussed in detail.

Knowledge mapping of neonatal electroencephalogram: A bibliometric analysis (2004-2022).

BACKGROUND: Electroencephalography (EEG), a widely used noninvasive neurophysiological diagnostic tool, has experienced substantial advancements from 2004 to 2022, particularly in neonatal applications. Utilizing a bibliometric methodology, this study delineates the knowledge structure and identifies emergent trends within neonatal EEG research. METHODS: An exhaustive literature search was conducted on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database to identify publications related to neonatal EEG from 2004 to 2022. Analytical tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix" were employed to facilitate this investigation. RESULTS: The search yielded 2501 articles originating from 79 countries, with the United States and England being the predominant contributors. A yearly upward trend in publications concerning neonatal EEG was observed. Notable research institutions leading this field include the University of Helsinki, University College London, and University College Cork. Clinical Neurophysiology is identified as the foremost journal in this realm, with Pediatrics as the most frequently co-cited journal. The collective body of work from 9977 authors highlights Sampsa Vanhatalo as the most prolific contributor, while Mark Steven Scher is recognized as the most frequently co-cited author. Key terms such as "seizures," "epilepsy," "hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy," "amplitude-integrated EEG," and "brain injury" represent the focal research themes. CONCLUSION: This bibliometric analysis offers the first comprehensive review, encapsulating research trends and progress in neonatal EEG. It reveals current research frontiers and crucial directions, providing an essential resource for researchers engaged in neonatal neuroscience.

Quantitative Electroencephalography in Term Neonates During the Early Postnatal Period Across Various Sleep States.

Background: Neonatal sleep is pivotal for their growth and development, yet manual interpretation of raw images is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG) presents significant advantages in terms of objectivity and convenience for investigating neonatal sleep patterns. However, research on the sleep patterns of healthy neonates remains scarce. This study aims to identify QEEG markers that distinguish between different neonatal sleep cycles and analyze QEEG alterations across various sleep stages in relation to postmenstrual age. Methods: From September 2023 to February 2024, full-term neonates admitted to the neonatology department at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled in this study. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were obtained from neonates aged 37-42 weeks, within 1-7 days post-birth. The ROC curve was employed to evaluate QEEG features related to amplitude, range EEG (rEEG), spectral density, and connectivity across different sleep stages. Furthermore, regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between these QEEG characteristics and postmenstrual age. Results: The alpha frequency band's spectral_diff_F3 emerged as the most potent discriminator between active sleep (AS) and quiet sleep (QS). In distinguishing AS from wakefulness (W), the theta frequency's spectral_diff_C4 was the most effective, whereas the delta frequency's spectral_diff_P4 excelled in differentiating QS from W. During AS and QS phases, there was a notable increase in entropy within the delta frequency band across all monitored brain regions and in the spectral relative power within the theta frequency band, correlating with postmenstrual age (PMA). Conclusion: Spectral difference showcases the highest discriminative capability across awake and various sleep states. The observed patterns of neonatal QEEG alterations in relation to PMA are consistent with the maturation of neonatal sleep, offering insights into the prediction and evaluation of brain development outcomes.

LANMAO sleep recorder versus polysomnography in neonatal EEG recording and sleep analysis.

BACKGROUND: The field of neonatal sleep analysis is burgeoning with devices that purport to offer alternatives to polysomnography (PSG) for monitoring sleep patterns. However, the majority of these devices are limited in their capacity, typically only distinguishing between sleep and wakefulness. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a novel wearable electroencephalographic (EEG) device, the LANMAO Sleep Recorder, in capturing EEG data and analyzing sleep stages, and to compare its performance against the established PSG standard. METHODS: The study involved concurrent sleep monitoring of 34 neonates using both PSG and the LANMAO device. Initially, the study verified the consistency of raw EEG signals captured by the LANMAO device, employing relative spectral power analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) for validation. Subsequently, the LANMAO device's integrated automated sleep staging algorithm was evaluated by comparing its output with expert-generated sleep stage classifications. RESULTS: Analysis revealed that the PCC between the relative spectral powers of various frequency bands during different sleep stages ranged from 0.28 to 0.48. Specifically, the correlation for delta waves was recorded at 0.28. The automated sleep staging algorithm of the LANMAO device demonstrated an overall accuracy of 79.60 %, Cohen kappa of 0.65, and F1 Score of 76.93 %. Individual accuracy for Wake at 87.20 %, NREM at 85.70 %, and REM Sleep at 81.30 %. CONCLUSION: While the LANMAO Sleep Recorder's automated sleep staging algorithm necessitates further refinement, the device shows promise in accurately recording neonatal EEG during sleep. Its potential for minimal invasiveness makes it an appealing option for monitoring sleep conditions in newborns, suggesting a novel approach in the field of neonatal sleep analysis.

A publicly available newborn ear shape dataset for medical diagnosis of auricular deformities.

Early and accurate diagnosis of ear deformities in newborns is crucial for an effective non-surgical correction treatment, since this commonly seen ear anomalies would affect aesthetics and cause mental problems if untreated. It is not easy even for experienced physicians to diagnose the auricular deformities of newborns and the classification of the sub-types, because of the rich bio-metric features embedded in the ear shape. Machine learning has already been introduced to analyze the auricular shape. However, there is little publicly available datasets of ear images from newborns. We released a dataset that contains quality-controlled photos of 3,852 ears from 1,926 newborns. The dataset also contains medical diagnosis of the ear shape, and the health data of each newborn and its mother. Our aim is to provide a freely accessible dataset, which would facilitate researches related with ear anatomies, such as the AI-aided detection and classification of auricular deformities and medical risk analysis.

[Preparation, characterization and upconversion fluorescence of NaYF4 : Yb, Er /graphene oxide nanocomposites].

NaYF4 : Yb, Er/rGO and SiO2-coated NaYF4 : Yb, Er/rGO nanocomposites can be prepared through "one-pot" and directly mixing preparation routes. Various measurement results show that the NaYF4 : Yb, Er in the nanocomposites exhibits a cubic a-type structure and nanoparticle-like morphology with a diameter range of 30-70 nm; the rGO layers are well-dispersed in the nanocomposites, and whereas the rGO obtained from "one-pot" preparation renders relatively better dispersion. Raman spectra demonstrate that there exists a surface coupling action between the two kinds of nanomaterials, and with the increase in the relative rGO content, such action becomes stronger. UC fluorescence measurement results reveal that the rGO has significantly quenching effect and optical-limiting performance on the UC fluorescence, particularly on the red-emission of the NaYFa : Yb, Er or SiO2-coated NaYF4 : Yb, Er nanoparticles. The red-emission intensity gradually decreases with an increase in the rGO content, but the green-emission shows less change. It should be stressed that, in comparison with NaYF4 : Yb, Er/rGO, with a similar rGO content, the red-emission intensity of SiO2-coated NaYF4 : Yb, Er/rGO decreases much obviously due to a stronger light-absorption caused by part rGO aggregation.

[Changes in MLS-BAEP in newborn piglets with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage during selective moderate head cooling therapy].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of selective moderate head cooling therapy on maximum length sequences brainstem auditory evoked potential (MLS-BAEP) in newborn piglets with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. METHODS: Sixteen newborn piglets aged 5-7 day old were randomly divided into three groups: normothermic control (n=4), HI (n=6) and mild hypothermia-treated (n=6). HI was induced through temporary occlusion of both carotid arteries, followed by mechanical ventilation with low concentration of oxygen (FiO2=0.06) for 30 minutes. Mild hypothermia was induced by equipment via circulating water. MLS-BAER was recorded before HI and at 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 60 hours, 72 hours, 4 days, 7 days, 10 days, 13 days and 15 days after HI. RESULTS: Compared with the normothermic control group, all latencies and intervals tended to increase significantly at 72 hours in the HI group and reached peak values on day 7. From day 10, all latencies and intervals tended to decrease, but apart from wave I latency, still differed significantly from those of the normothermic control group. MLS-BAER variables did not reach normal values until day 15. Ⅲ latency, Ⅰ-Ⅲ interval and Ⅰ-Ⅴ interval were significantly reduced in the hypothermia-treated group between 60 and 7 days after HI compared with the HI group (P<0.05). V latency and Ⅲ-Ⅴ interval in the hypothermia-treated group were also reduced compared with the HI group between 72 hours and 7 days after HI (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both peripheral and central auditory systems are disturbed by HI, which shows as a significant increase in MLS-BAER variables (all latencies and intervals) in newborn piglets. Involvement in central brainstem auditory system reaches a peak on day 7 after injury. MLS-BAER variables still cannot reach to normal values until day 15. Selective moderate head cooling therapy can significantly reduce brainstem damage induced by HI.

Genetic analysis of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets associated with ferroptosis from bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Ferroptosis is a recently identified form of cell death that is distinct from the conventional modes such as necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Its role in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains inadequately understood. To address this gap, we obtained BPD-related RNA-seq data and ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) from the GEO database and FerrDb, respectively. A total of 171 BPD-related differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DE-FRGs) linked to the regulation of autophagy and immune response were identified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and SVM-RFE algorithms identified 23 and 14 genes, respectively, as marker genes. The intersection of these 2 sets yielded 9 genes (ALOX12B, NR1D1, LGMN, IFNA21, MEG3, AKR1C1, CA9, ABCC5, and GALNT14) with acceptable diagnostic capacity. The results of the functional enrichment analysis indicated that these identified marker genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of BPD through the regulation of immune response, cell cycle, and BPD-related pathways. Additionally, we identified 29 drugs that target 5 of the marker genes, which could have potential therapeutic implications. The ceRNA network we constructed revealed a complex regulatory network based on the marker genes, further highlighting their potential roles in BPD. Our findings offer diagnostic potential and insight into the mechanism underlying BPD. Further research is needed to assess its clinical utility.

[Clinical features and follow-up study of neonatal asymmetric crying facies].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes of neonatal asymmetric crying facies (ACF), in order to improve recognition of the disease. METHODS: The clinical data of 11 infants with ACF between January 2010 and February 2012 were retrospectively studied. Physical and neurological development were followed up at correct gestational age 44 weeks and 3 months. RESULTS: Of the 11 infants with ACF, 4 had ipsilateral ear malformation, 2 had congenital heart disease and 1 had syndactyly and polydactyly. Of the 11 infants, 8 were male and 3 were female. Eight infants presented with lesions on the left side and 3 presented with lesions on the right. The fathers were aged over 35 in 8 cases and the mothers were over 30 in 7 cases. Eight mothers had a history of at least 3 pregnancies and 2 infants were born to mothers with diabetes mellitus. Physical index was below P10 in 1 case and 2 cases showed a low NBNA score and mild abnormal GMs (poor repertoire PR) during the writhing period at correct gestational age 44 weeks. Physical index was between P10-P90 and GM assessment during the fidgety period showed normal movements in all infants at correct gestational age 3 months, but they still had ACF. CONCLUSIONS: ACF is associated with a high rate of other congenital malformations. The short-term outcomes of ACF infants are satisfactory, but long-term follow-up and interdisciplinary cooperation are necessary to improve prognosis.

The accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin to identify hyperbilirubinemia in jaundiced neonates.

OBJECTIVE: To compare transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) to total serum bilirubin (TSB) in jaundiced neonates by using a JM-103 bilirubinometer. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study in jaundiced infants ≥35 weeks' gestation. Infants' and maternal information, TcB measurements, and TSB levels were collected. The correlation and consistency between TcB and TSB were analyzed by Pearson's correlation analysis and the Bland-Altman plot. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify characteristics associated with the difference between TcB and TSB, underestimation by TcB and overestimation by TcB. RESULTS: A total of 787 paired samples were collected. There was a strong correlation between TcB and TSB with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.708 (p < .001). In preterm infants, outpatients and infants with high TSB levels, the TcB measurements were less precise. The TcB-TSB difference was significantly associated with gender, maternal hypertension disease, ABO hemolytic disease, and outpatient setting (p < .05). Only the outpatient setting had statistical significance in the underestimation of TSB ≥2 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS: Generally, TcB by a JM-103 bilirubinometer had a good correlation and consistency with the TSB values. However, small for gestational age, postnatal age of hour, ABO hemolytic disease, and outpatient setting may lead to inconsistencies between the TcB and TSB.

An Autophagy-related Long Non-coding RNA Signature for Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND: The most prevalent malignant tumor in women is breast cancer (BC). As autophagic therapies have been identified to contribute to BC cell death, the potential prognostic role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) related to autophagy in patients with BC was examined. METHODS: The lncRNAs expression profiles were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Throughout univariate Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression test, lncRNA with BC prognosis have been differentially presented. We then defined the optimal cut-off point between high and low-risk groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to test this signature. In order to examine possible signaling mechanisms linked to these lncRNAs, the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) has been carried out. RESULTS: Based on the lncRNA expression profiles for BC, a 9 lncRNA signature associated with autophagy was developed. The optimal cut-off value for high-risk and low-risk groups was used. The high-risk group had less survival time than the low-risk group. The result of this lncRNA signature was highly sensitive and precise. GSEA study found that the gene sets have been greatly enriched in many cancer pathways. CONCLUSION: Our signature of 9 lncRNAs related to autophagy has prognostic value for BC, and these lncRNAs related to autophagy may play an important role in BC biology.

Characterization of Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Genes Landscape for Predicting Prognosis and Aiding Immunotherapy in Glioma Patients.

Glioma is a highly malignant brain tumor with a poor survival rate. The involvement of fatty acid metabolism in glioma was examined to find viable treatment options. The information was gathered from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. A prognostic signature containing fatty acid metabolism-dependent genes (FAMDs) was developed to predict glioma outcome by multivariate and most minor absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses. In the TCGA cohort, individuals with a good score had a worse prognosis than those with a poor score, validated in the CGGA cohort. According to further research by "pRRophetic" R package, higher-risk individuals were more susceptible to crizotinib. According to a complete study of the connection between the predictive risk rating model and tumor microenvironment (TME) features, high-risk individuals were eligible for activating the immune cell-associated receptor pathway. We also discovered that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 immunotherapy are more effective in high-risk individuals. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CCNA2 promotes glioma proliferation, migration, and invasion and regulates macrophage polarization. Therefore, examining the fatty acid metabolism pathway aids our understanding of TME invasion properties, allowing us to develop more effective immunotherapies for glioma.