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BACKGROUND: The epicanthal fold (EF) is a semilunar skin fold located in the medial canthus in most Asians. The medial canthus fibrous band (MCFB) reportedly plays a critical role in EF formation. Variations in MCFB shape and size affect the severity and type of EF. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to analyze MCFB variations in different types and severities of EF and explore the effect of the MCFB resection epicanthoplasty technique (MCFB epicanthoplasty). METHODS: Surgical videos of 40 patients undergoing MCFB epicanthoplasty in our department were reviewed. The MCFB (area), transverse dimension, vertical dimension, upper eyelid direction length (UEDL), and lower eyelid direction length (LEDL) were measured. For aesthetic assessment, 37 patients were followed up for 6 months; intercanthal distance (ICD) and horizontal lid fissure length (HLFL) were measured. Preoperative and postoperative ICD/HLFL ratios were compared. Postoperative scar recovery was evaluated with the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS: The MCFB diameter and area were larger for severe EF than for moderate EF (P < .01). Patients with severe EF had larger LEDL than UEDL (P < .01). The tarsalis type had a larger LEDL than the palpebralis type with the same severity (P < .01). MCFB epicanthoplasty yielded favorable postoperative cosmetic effects and scar recovery. Postoperative ICD decreased, while HLFL increased compared to preoperative values (P < .001). The ICD/HLFL ratio was significantly lower postoperatively than preoperatively (P < .001). Postoperative ICD/HLFL ratio was 1.2:1. CONCLUSIONS: The MCFB affects the severity and type of EF. MCFB epicanthoplasty effectively corrected moderate to severe EF.
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Povo Asiático , Blefaroplastia , Pálpebras , Humanos , Feminino , Pálpebras/cirurgia , Pálpebras/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Blefaroplastia/métodos , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adolescente , Cicatriz/etiologia , Cicatriz/diagnóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estética , SeguimentosAssuntos
Gengiva , Penfigoide Mucomembranoso Benigno , Pênfigo , Humanos , Pênfigo/patologia , Pênfigo/diagnóstico , Penfigoide Mucomembranoso Benigno/diagnóstico , Penfigoide Mucomembranoso Benigno/patologia , Feminino , Biópsia/métodos , Masculino , Gengiva/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Adulto , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The construction of a class of novel triazole molecules containing sulfonyl fluoride functionalities was achieved through Cu-catalyzed click chemistry in good to excellent yields. The sulfonyl fluoride moieties were cleaved completely under base conditions to produce N-unsubstituted triazoles quantitatively, which provides a strategy to combine SuFEx click chemistry with Cu-catalyzed click chemistry ingeniously.
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Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy (NHIE), an oxygen deprivation-mediated brain injury due to birth asphyxia or reduced cerebral blood perfusion, often leads to lifelong sequelae, including seizures, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation. NHIE poses a significant health challenge, as one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. Despite this, available therapies are limited. Numerous studies have recently demonstrated that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent non-apoptotic regulated form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation (LPO) and iron dyshomeostasis, plays a role in the genesis of NHIE. Moreover, recently discovered compounds have been shown to exert potential therapeutic effects on NHIE by inhibiting ferroptosis. This comprehensive review summarizes the fundamental mechanisms of ferroptosis contributing to NHIE. We focus on various emerging therapeutic compounds exhibiting characteristics of ferroptosis inhibition and delineate their pharmacological benefits for the treatment of NHIE. This review suggests that pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NHIE.
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Ferroptose , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica , Ferroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/tratamento farmacológico , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Animais , Recém-Nascido , Estrutura Molecular , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/química , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/síntese químicaRESUMO
Objective:To Explore the clinical characteristics,risk factors,and differences in risk factors for different types of congenital auricular deformities,in order to provide theoretical basis for precise prevention and control of congenital auriclar deformity. Methods:Full-term newborns born in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2022 to January 2023 were screened for auricle malformation, general information and data were collected,,and high-risk factors were investigated withself-made questionnaire.Using a case-control study method,newborns with auriclar deformities were selected as the case group and those without auriclar deformities during the same period were selected as the control group.A case-control study was conducted to analyze the incidence rate,high-risk factors,and differences in high-risk factors for different types of auricle deformities. Results:A total of 1 758 newborns ï¼3 516 earsï¼ were included in this study,including 562 newbornsï¼927 earsï¼ with auriclar deformities,the incidence of congenital malformations of the auricle is 26.37%.Among them,289 ears ï¼8.22%ï¼ were helical rim deformity,244 ears ï¼6.94%ï¼ were lidding/lop ear,166 ears ï¼4.72%ï¼ were mixed deformities,131 ears ï¼3.73%ï¼ were prominent/cup ear,79 ears ï¼2.25%ï¼ were Stahl's ears,16 ears ï¼0.46%ï¼ were abnormal conchal crus,and 2 ears ï¼0.06%ï¼ were cryptotia.Maternal history of infection in early pregnancyï¼OR=1.513ï¼95%CI 1.119-2.045ï¼,previous miscarriage historyï¼OR=1.300ï¼95%CI 1.049-1.613ï¼,and abnormal pregnancyï¼OR=1.278ï¼95%CI 1.032-1.582ï¼ are risk factors for congenital auricular malformations.There was no statistically significant difference in the history of infectionï¼χ²=1.877ï¼P=0.391ï¼,previous miscarriageï¼χ²=4.706ï¼P=0.095ï¼,and abnormal pregnancyï¼χ²=5.026ï¼P=0.081ï¼ among mothers with helical rim deformity,lidding/lop ear,and mixed deformities. Conclusion:The incidence rate of congenital auricle deformity is high, with common malformations such as helical rim deformity, lidding/lop ear,and mixed deformities. Congenital auricular deformity is caused by various factors, the same risk factor has roughly the same impact on different types of morphological abnormalities.
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Aborto Espontâneo , Anormalidades Congênitas , Pavilhão Auricular , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Orelha Externa/anormalidades , Pavilhão Auricular/anormalidades , Anamnese , Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Rheum pumilum stands as both a quintessential alpine plant and a significant traditional Chinese and Tibetan medicinal herb. Unraveling the molecular intricacies of seed germination in Rh. pumilum not only unveils the genetic foundations of plant seed germination strategies in high-altitude environments but also offers insights for cultivating Rh. pumilum medicinal materials. Employing transcriptome sequencing and the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis, this study delved into the shifts in gene expression levels across various stages of seed germination in Rh. pumilum. The process of seed germination in Rh. pumilum entails a cascade of complex physiological events. Six hormones (ABA, IAA, ETH, GA, BR, CK) emerged as pivotal players in seeds breaking in shells and the facilitation of rapid seed germination in Rh. pumilum. Fourteen transcription factor families (LOB, GRAS, B3, bHLH, bZIP, EIL, MYB, MYB related, NAC, TCP, WRKY, HSF, PLATZ, and SBP) along with four key genes (E2.4.1.13, EIN3, BZR, and BIN2) were identified that may be associated with both biotic and abiotic environmental stress. The ETR, ACACA and ATPeV0C genes were linked with energy accumulation during the initial stages of seed germination, CYP707A may play an important role in breaking seed dormancy, while the BRI1 gene may be correlated with swift seed germination. Additionally, several unidentified genes were recognized to play key roles in seed germination of Rh. pumilum, warranting further investigation. Moreover, Rh. pumilum demonstrates full activation of crucial physiological functions such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and responses to biological and abiotic stresses during the seed breaking in shells. This study provides molecular evidence elucidating the swift seed germination strategies adopted by alpine plants to thrive in high-altitude environments. Furthermore, it serves as a foundational reference for enhancing seed germination rates and breeding practices to promote the sustainable development of Rh. pumilum medicinal materials.
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Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Germinação , Rheum , Sementes , Germinação/genética , Rheum/genética , Sementes/genética , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Transcriptoma , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismoRESUMO
Ten SSR markers based on transcriptome sequencing were employed to genotype 231 samples of G. littoralis subsp. littoralis (Apiaceae) from nine cultivated populations and seven wild populations, aiming to assess the genetic diversity and genetic structure, and elucidate the origin of the cultivated populations. Cultivated populations exhibited relatively high genetic diversity (h = 0.441, I = 0.877), slightly lower than that of their wild counterparts (h = 0.491, I = 0.930), likely due to recent domestication and ongoing gene flow between wild and cultivated germplasm. The primary cultivated population in Shandong have the crucial genetic status. A single origin of domestication was inferred through multiple analysis, and wild populations from Liaoning and Shandong are inferred to be potentially the ancestor source for the present cultivated populations. Phenotypic analysis revealed a relatively high heritability of root length across three growth periods (0.683, 0.284, 0.402), with significant correlations observed between root length and petiole length (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.30, P<0.05), as well as between root diameter and leaf area (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.36, P<0.01). These parameters can serve as valuable indicators for monitoring the developmental progress of medicinal plants during field management. In summary, this study can shed light on the intricate genetic landscape of G. littoralis subsp. littoralis, providing foundational insights crucial for conservation strategies, targeted breeding initiatives, and sustainable management practices in both agricultural and natural habitats.
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Apiaceae , Variação Genética , Repetições de Microssatélites , Fenótipo , Plantas Medicinais , Plantas Medicinais/genética , Plantas Medicinais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Apiaceae/genética , Apiaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , GenótipoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The correction of severe blepharoptosis is one of the most challenging surgeries in plastic surgery. This study introduces a novel self-reinforced fixation technique combining the levator complex with conjoint fascial sheath for the correction of severe blepharoptosis and reviews the postoperative results over the preceding 12 years. METHODS: This retrospective review included all patients who underwent self-reinforced fixation with or without conjoint fascial sheath at the authors' center between 2010 and 2022. The clinical data of the two groups were collected and evaluated. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 6 months to 8 years postoperatively. The mean postoperative MRD1 and LF increased significantly in both groups. Sufficient correction of ptosis was achieved in 32 (65.31%) and 84 (81.56%) eyelids in Groups I and II, respectively. The mean eyelid lagophthalmos was 1.27± 0.91 mm and 0.85 ± 0.89 mm in Groups I and II, respectively. The most common complication was undercorrection of ptosis, which was observed in 14 eyelids (28.57%) and 15 eyelids (14.56%) in Groups I and II, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The self-reinforced fixation technique was effective in correcting severe congenital ptosis in Chinese patients. The clinical effect was consistent in the long-term follow-up cases, and the recurrence rate was low. Thus, this technique can enhance the strength of the levator muscle and maintain appropriate elasticity of eye closure. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.
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RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) refer to a class of proteins that participate in alternative splicing, RNA stability, polyadenylation, localization and translation of RNAs, thus regulating gene expression in post-transcriptional manner. Dysregulation of RNA-RBP interaction contributes to various diseases, including cancer. In breast cancer, disorders in RBP expression and function influence the biological characteristics of tumor cells. Targeting RBPs has fostered the development of innovative therapies for breast cancer. However, the RBP-related mechanisms in breast cancer are not completely clear. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs and their signaling crosstalk in breast cancer. Specifically, we emphasize the potential of certain RBPs as prognostic factors due to their effects on proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and therapy resistance of breast cancer cells. Most importantly, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest RBP-related therapeutic strategies and novel therapeutic targets that have proven to be useful in the treatment of breast cancer.