ADAMTS Gene-Derived circRNA Molecules in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Expression Profiling, Clinical Correlations and Survival Analysis.

The present study examines the relationship between circular RNA (circRNA) derived from three genes of the family a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs): ADAMTS6, ADAMTS9 and ADAMTS12 and the host gene expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with regard to various clinical factors. Notably, an association was identified between ADAMTS12 expression and specific circRNA molecules, as well as certain expression patterns of ADAMTS6 and its derived circRNA that were specific to histopathological subtypes. The survival analysis demonstrated that a lower ADAMTS6 expression in squamous cell carcinoma was associated with extended survival. Furthermore, the higher ADAMTS9 expression was linked to prolonged survival, while the overexpression of ADAMTS12 was correlated with a shorter survival. These findings suggest that circRNA molecules may serve as potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC, highlighting the importance of considering molecular patterns in distinct cancer subtypes.

Mitochondrial Dynamics in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

In lung cancer patients, two complementary abnormalities were found that can cause disruption of the mitochondrial network: increased fusion and impaired fission, manifested by reduced levels of FIS1, a mitochondrial division regulator, and increased expression of MFN1, a mitochondrial fusion mediator. Immunoexpression studies of MFN1 and FIS1 proteins were performed in serum samples obtained from 47 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 21 controls. In the NSCLC patients, the immunoexpression of the MFN1 protein was significantly higher, and the FIS1 protein level was significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.01; p < 0.001; UMW test). Patients with early, operable lung cancer had significantly lower levels of MFN1 immunoexpression compared to patients with advanced, metastatic lung cancer (p < 0.05; UMW test). This suggests that early stages of the disease are characterized by greater fragmentation of damaged mitochondria and apoptosis. In contrast, lower FIS1 protein levels were associated with a worse prognosis. Increased mitochondrial fusion in the blood of lung cancer patients may suggest an increase in protective and repair mechanisms. This opens up questions about why these mechanisms fail in the context of existing advanced cancer disease and is a starting point for further research into why protective mechanisms fail in lung cancer patients.

Isolated retroperitoneal mixed germ cell tumor presenting as acute abdomen - case report.

Extragonadal germ cell tumors are an uncommon clinical entity. Their prevalence varies between 1 and 5% of all germ cell tumors. Approximately 85-90% of cases have metastatic changes at the time of diagnosis. In our article we would like to present a case of an 18-year-old patient who was admitted to the hospital due to acute abdominal symptoms. A day earlier, the patient suffered blunt abdominal trauma during workout. Post-traumatic changes, which were described after admission in computed tomography, intraoperatively proved to be masses of extraperitoneal tumor.

Giant mesentery fibromatosis presenting as acute abdomen - case report.

Mesentery fibromatosis, also called abdominal desmoid, is a rare clinical entity. It is part of the clinical-pathologic spectrum of so-called deep fibromatoses. The deep fibromatoses encompass a group of benign fibroproliferative processes that are locally aggressive; they may infiltrate the adjacent organs or recur, but do not create distant metastatic lesions. The small bowel mesentery is the most common site of intraabdominal fibromatosis. However, the omentum, ileocolic mesentery, transverse or sigmoid mesocolon, or ligamentum teres may be the site of origin for intraabdominal fibromatosis. Mesenteric fibromatosis occurs in a wide age range of patients, and has no gender or race predilection. Most cases of abdominal fibromatosis occur sporadically. In this article we would like to present a case report of a patient who was admitted to the clinic due to severe abdominal pain with clinically advanced peritoneal signs. The intraoperative findings were astonishing; we found a giant desmoid which originated in the mesentery. The tumor oppressed the ileum, leading to its obstruction.

No evidence for change in expression of TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 genes in cultured human adipocytes stimulated by myokines and adipokines.

TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 proteins play analogous, but not identical role in governing insulin-signalling pathway. Little is known about changes in expression levels of TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 genes in mammals, including humans. Number of factors were studied, but data remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of selected cytokines, adipokines and myokines with known or putative insulin sensitivity regulation activity (adiponectin, irisin, omentin, interleukin 6, leptin, resistin, and tumour necrosis factor) on TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 expression levels in cultured differentiated human adipocytes. No significant differences were found between the adipocytes treated with different stimuli and this effect was determined not dose dependent. It is reasonable to conclude that relative shortage of data showing no change in TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 from literature results from publication bias; therefore, our finding provides additional insight into the role of both genes.

[Assessment of glutathione peroxidase activity (GPX) in the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary parenchymal changes]. / Ocena aktywnosci peroksydazy glutationowej (GPX) w diagnostyce rozsianych zmian miazszowych pluc.

UNLABELLED: DNA damage caused by free radicals is one of the mechanisms which are responsible for the occurrence of lung tumors, especially in case of cigarette smokers.Their tumors are radiologically often disseminated changes. AIM OF THIS STUDY: To define the correlation between GPX activity in erythrocyte hemolysate and pulmonary parenchymal extract and the etiology of diffuse pulmonary parenchymal changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group comprised 40 subjects classified to VTS due to diffuse pulmonary parenchymal changes. The control group included 40 clinically healthy subjects. In the examined group GPX activity in erythrocyte hemolysate and pulmonary parenchymal extract was marked. The material was 5.4 ml of vein blood taken one-time from all subjects and a sample of pulmonary parenchyma obtained during VTS or toracotomy in patients with pulmonary parenchymal changes. RESULTS: Lower values of GPX activity in erythrocyte hemolysate and pulmonary parenchymal extract which are statistically significant were observed compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Higher GPX activity in erythrocyte hemolysate and healthy pulmonary parenchymal extract compared with pulmonary parenchymal changes can show the influence of GPX on the development of disease process. Higher GPX activity in erythrocte hemolysate and pulmonary parenchymal extract in the "sarcoidosis group" compared with the "lung carcinoma group" can be an additional marker in differential dignostics. The determination of GPX activity in erythrocyte hemolysate can be used as a supplementary laboratory test which will facilitate diagnosis of pulmonary parenchymal changes.

[Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with portal hypertension--review of clinical cases from 2002-2008]. / Krwawienia z górnego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego w nadcisnieniu wrotnym--przeglad klinicznych przypadków z lat 2002-2008.

UNLABELLED: Variceal bleed is the most dangerous complication of portal hypertension in patient with liver cirrhosis. Despite of many years of studies and observations there isn't unequivocal pattern of treatment which may prevent of first time and any further variceal bleeding. AIM OF THIS STUDY: To analyze procedure of treatment that we applied in patients treated in 2002-2008 in our clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our article we analyzed 43 cases of patients with variceal bleeding treated in our clinic in 2002-2008. In all patients it was first episode of variceal haemorrhage. All patients was addicted to alcohol and with advanced liver cirrhosis. In all cases we inserted Sengstaken-Blekmore tube and started pharmacological treatment. If the second haemorrhage was occurred we applied endoscopic procedure with endoscopic variceal ligation. RESULTS: In all patients treated in our clinic we noted two cases of rebleeding and one fatal cases which occurred during second episode of haemorrhage leading to hypovolemic crisis. CONCLUSIONS: Basing on medical reports that we have taken, we may put a conclusion that medical treatment that we have applied was correct and terminate the variceal bleeding.

[Acute torsion of the gallbladder--case report]. / Ostre zgorzelinowe zapalenie pecherzyka zólciowego-- opis przypadku.

Torsion of gallbladder is simply defined as a rotation of the gallbladder on its mesentery along the axis of the cystic duct and the cystic artery. It is rare disease which etiology it's still unknown. However we can point some factors postulated as playing causative roles. This disease symptoms mimic acute cholecystitis. In spite of advanced radiological imaging technics there are still problems to set up correct preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder torsion.

[Nonspecific colon ulcer--case report]. / Niespecyficzne owrzodzenie jelita grubego--opis przypadku.

UNLABELLED: Nonspecific colon ulcer (NSCU) was described by Crulveilhier in 1832, but strict definition, occurrence rates and diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines have not been yet established. AIM: to present a case of a rare disease of the colon with discussion on diagnostic and therapeutic principles. CASE REPORT: A 28-year-old female diagnosed for constipation and flatulence underwent endoscopy and a descending colon lumen stenosis, measuring about 1.0 cm in length, with some mucosal erosions, was found. On the basis of the performed diagnostics, unspecific nature of the disease was determined and conservative treatment with endoscopic follow-up was initiated. In a follow-up examination, performed 2 months later, spontaneous ulceration healing was revealed with a scar replacing the abovementioned lesion. DISCUSSION: Clinical symptoms depend on disease dynamics and lesion location. Diagnosis is based on exclusion of known vascular, infective, unspecific inflammatory and traumatic causes. Therapy of uncomplicated causes is based on conservative treatment with endoscopic follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The disease does not cause any specific clinical symptoms and often mimics other abdominal diseases. Diagnosis is based on exclusion of known causes. Therapy of most uncomplicated cases comprises conservative therapy and endoscopic follow-up.

Outcome of pleurodesis using different agents in management prolonged air leakage following lung resection.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prolonged air leaks (PAL) are a common problem after pulmonary resection. PAL can be a source of significant complications. One of the treatment options is chemical pleurodesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The efficiency of three methods of treatment of PAL after lung resection was evaluated. In Iodine_ group aqueous iodine solution (lat.Tinctura Jodi) was applied intrapleurally (30 patients); in Doxycycline_group (34 patients) 200 mg of Doxycyclin was given and in Drainage_group 35 patients were applied Lidocaine solution only. RESULTS: The group investigated was similar with regard to age [F = 0.04, P = 0.96] and the amount of air leakage (approx. 462 mL/min). The shortest drainage time and hospital stay was observed in the Iodine_group [10.57, P < 0.001]. However, this therapy was connected with strongly perceptible chest pain (P < 0.0001]). The number of case of pneumothorax recurrence was low and it was the same was seen in other methods of treatment [F = 0.87, P = 0.42]. Allergic reactions were not observed. The number of episodes of tachycardia, hypotension, dyspnea, pneumonia, subcutaneus empyema, fluid collection, emphysema, pneumothorax recurrence and number of re-thoracotomies were statistically similar in all three methods of treatment. CONCLUSION: Iodine pleurodesis can be considered as one of possible treatment methods of PAL after lung resection as it showed favorable results compared with Doxycycline pleurodesis or drainage alone regarding duration of air leakage, hospitalization and pneumothorax recurrence with only slightly increased pleural pain.

[Methods of treatment on different clinical stages in pancreatic cancer]. / Sposoby postepowania na róznych stopniach zaawansowansowania klinicznego raka trzustki.

UNLABELLED: Pancreatic cancer is a great surgical problem. Clinical observations confirm 10-15% level of R0 resection ability. Dissatisfying treatment effects results from: lach of simple screening tests, low specificity of methods used to diagnose less than 2 cm lesions, low availability of advanced diagnostic methods (endoscopic ultrasonography), anatomy of pancreatoduodenic area, ability of infiltration adhering structures and causing metastatic tumors. AIM: Retrospective evaluation of treatment methods administered to patients with pancreatic cancer according to different clinical stages. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Medical documentation of 97 patients treated during 2001-2006 period for pancreatic cancer was analyzed. The age of patients was 42-90 years (medium 66.04, SD 10.27). There were 47 women (48.45% of group) aged 43-90 (medium 67.89, SD 9.93) and 50 men (51.55%) aged 42-86 (medium 64.31, SD 10.64). RESULTS: In analyzed group 87 tumors were located in the head of pancreas, 5 in the corpus and 5 in the cauda. In 13 cases (13.40%) partial resection of pancreas was performed. By passing anastomoses were applied in 45 cases: 26 (26.80% of total group) biliar and gastrointestinal, 19 (19.59%) only biliar anastomoses. Thoracovideoscopic splanchnicectomy was performed 26 times (26.80%) as a method of decreasing pain. 6 patients were treated with bile ducts drainage: endoscopic (4) or percutaneous (2). In 7 cases operations were limited to explorative laparotomy. Complication occurred in 5 (38.46%) cases following resection of the pancreas and 13 cases (15.38%) following paliative operations. Perioperative mortality accomplished 15.38% following pancreatic resection and 4.44% in remaining cases. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic cancer is a neoplasm connected with unsuccessfull course. In most of cases diagnose is confirmed in clinical stage that disables resection with the aim of curation. Although huge progress in diagnostic methods, operational technique and perioperative care postoperative mortality is high. Videothoracoscopic splanchnicectomy is a worth reccomending method of decreasing pain.

[Thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy--a good therapy of chronic pain related with advanced stage pancreatic cancer]. / Torakoskopowa splanchnicektomia jako metoda leczenia bólu przewleklego u pacjentów z zaawansowanym rakiem trzustki.

At the beginning 1990s, rapid development of videooptic techniques made possible the introduction to the practice, modern method--thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy. This is a little invasive method use in chronic epigastric visceral pain therapy. The aim of the study is presentation of our own experiences in use thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy in therapy of chronic pain related with advanced stage pancreatic cancer. MATERIAL AND THE METHODS: From 2001 to 2006 in the Department of Chest Surgery, Oncologic and General Surgery, University Hospital No. 2, Medical University of Lodz was made 26 thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy at patients with pancreas cancer. Patients were qualified to the operation on the basis of the Prince Henry Hospital Pain Scale (PHHPS)--medially 2.8 the point. In examined group were 16 men (61%) and 10 women (39%). The average age was 58 years. RESULTS: After the operation obtained the significant decrease of the pain intensity, in the third day after surgery patients ranked their epigastric pain at the average of 1.3 the point in PHHPS. All patients could to decrease significantly the doses of their analgesic medications and three from them completely put it away. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy is effective little invasive method therapy of chronic pain related with advanced stage pancreatic cancer.

Oesophageal perforation - therapeutic and diagnostics challenge. Retrospective, single-center case report analysis (2009-2015).

BACKGROUND: Esophageal perforation is a life-threatening condition of a complex etiology. No clear guidelines are available regarding the management of this condition. In this study, we review publications related to esophageal perforation, and analyze patients treated for this condition at our Department of Thoracic, General and Oncological Surgery. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to retrospectively assess and analyze management methods for esophageal perforations of different etiologies. All patients were treated in the Department of Thoracic, General and Oncological Surgery in years 2009-2015. Patients with perforations resulting from post-operational leaks within surgical anastomoses were excluded from the study. Material, methods, results: The analysis involved a total of 16 cases of esophageal ruptures. All cases were treated in years 2009-2015. Patients with perforations resulting from postoperative leaks within surgical anastomoses following elective surgeries for either oncological or non-oncological causes were excluded. The most common reason for esophageal rupture was iatrogenic injury (7 cases, 44%). Other causes included Boerhaave syndrome (5 cases, 31.2%), blunt trauma (2 cases, 12.5%), abscess perforation (1 case, 6.2%), and ulcer perforation (1 case, 6.2%). Ten patients underwent surgery, and the rest underwent esophageal prosthesis placement, of whom 2 cases required drainage of the mediastinum and pleural cavity. The mortality rate in the study group was 9/16 cases (56.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Esophageal perforation poses a significant interdisciplinary challenge regarding diagnostic workup, selection of treatment methods, and management of potential postoperative complications. This retrospective study was conducted in a single center. Although the analyzed period was long, we found only 16 cases. In spite of a variety of etiologies present, we found several statistically significant results of potential clinical value. 1. Most perforations that are not diagnosed within 48 hours affected the lower part of the esophagus and presented with unclear symptoms and imaging findings 2. Delaying diagnosis and treatment beyond 24 hours was associated with a higher mortality rate.

[The case of numerous foreign bodies in bronchial tree of both lungs and digestive tract]. / Przypadek wystepowania mnogich cial obcych w drzewie oskrzelowym obu pluc i w przewodzie pokarmowym.

The article shows the description of the seldom met case of simultaneous appearing of numerous foreign bodies situated both in air passages and in the alimentary canal at patient of mentally handicapped with the tendency to swallowing of small objects. After observing by guardians of the patients fact of swallowing metallic foreign bodies by him the specified research were made (X-ray pictures, computer tomography) and the presence in the bronchial tree of both lungs and in the upper and lower section of the alimentary canal were confirmed. Swallowed and aspirated objects did not cause no complaints at the patient. Revealed foreign bodies were removed from air passages by using of the bronchofiberoscopy method and the surgical treatment. Foreign bodies of the alimentary canal were voided by patient through natural tract.

A case of three synchronous primary lung cancers within the same lung lobe.

We present the case of a 74-year-old patient with three synchronous primary lung cancers within the same lung lobe. Computed tomography and positron emission tomography investigations revealed two suspicious nodular lesions in the upper lobe of the left lung. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy confirmed that one of the lesions was non-small cell lung cancer. The patient was qualified for surgical treatment, and left upper lobectomy plus lymphadenectomy was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of three primary cancers in the left lung: keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and acinar adenocarcinoma, localized within the same lung lobe. The patient was classified as having stage T3N1M0 lung cancer (stage IIIA) according to the latest, 7(th) edition of the TNM classification.

A new technique of pulmonary hernia surgical repair using intramedullary titanium implants.

INTRODUCTION: In this paper we present a new method of pulmonary hernia surgical treatment. Pulmonary hernia is a rare pathology. The first description of pulmonary hernia was made by Roland in 1499. The world literature describes only a little more than 300 cases of pulmonary hernia. Pulmonary hernia is defined as the projection of the lung tissue covered by the parietal pleura beyond the normal boundaries of the pleural cavity, through the pathological holes in the chest wall. During our work as thoracic surgeons, we have used different ways of thoracic chest wall reconstructive operations and anastomoses of the broken ribs. AIM OF THE STUDY: To search for optimal methods of pulmonary hernia surgery and to evaluate a new technique of pulmonary hernia surgical repair using intramedullary titanium implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 2013 in our clinic, we diagnosed and cured two patients with idiopathic pulmonary hernia. We performed a reconstructive operation of the chest wall with anastomosis of the broken ribs using titanium intramedullary stabilization implants - splints. RESULTS: To date, the annual observation has revealed no recurrence of pulmonary hernia or postoperative complications. At present, the patients demonstrate full life activity. CONCLUSIONS: So far, in the world literature, we have not encountered any information about using such methods to repair pulmonary hernia. We regard our method as safe, easy to use and giving good therapeutic results.

[CD11b and CD62L receptors expression on neutrophils after laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy]. / Ekspresja receptorów CD11b i CD62L na powierzchni neutrofilów obojetnochlonnych po cholecystektomii laparoskopowej w porównaniu z cholecystektomia klasyczna.

UNLABELLED: The development of immunology correlated with surgery enables close recognition of multiple mechanisms responsible for more frequent complications observed after open surgical procedures than after minimally invasive operations. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of selected elements of non-specific immunity in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy (OC) versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 30 postmenopausal females with non-complicated cholecystolithiasis were analysed. Both OC and LC was performed in 15 cases. Blood samples for an analysis were collected 24 hours before surgery and 24 and 72 hours postoperatively. Qualitative changes of neutrophils measured by the expression of CD11b and CD62L receptors on their surface without or with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) stimulation were evaluated. RESULTS: The expression of CD11b and CD62L receptors show no significant changes in patients that underwent LC while patients that underwent OC had significant changes 24 hours postoperatively compared both with their preoperative values and values observed in patients after LC. CONCLUSION: The activation of neutrophils measured by changes of the expression of CD11b and CD62L receptors on their surface is connected with the magnitude of trauma and is only observed in patients after OC.

[The results of treatment of acute haemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis in the own material]. / Wyniki leczenia martwiczo-krwotocznej postaci ostrego zapalenia trzustki w materiale wlasnym.

AIM OF WORK: The retrospective estimation of surgical procedure and the results of treatment of haemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis in the own material. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The estimated group consist of 161 patients from the clinic treated for heavy grade of acute pancreatitis. Characteristics which qualified patients to the chosen group were: aggravating general condition, biochemical parameters of disease's progression, results of radiological investigations (USG, CT of abdomen) and bacteriological culture from peritoneal cavity. RESULTS: 142 patients (88.2%) were surgically treated in different duration periods of illness (from 0 to 53 day of illness). Firstly, they were intensively treated with conservative treatment. After about 9.6 days they were operated on (from 0 to 51 day of treatment). Clinical symptoms such as: rapid aggravating general condition of patients, septic shock, as well as infected necrosis in radiological and bacteriological investigations, were indication to surgical intervention. The methods of surgical treatments were: laparotomy and flow drainage 73 patients, closed drainage 31 patients, repeated relaparotomy 25, Bradley's method 13. Mortality in the group of operated patients was 5.9%. The most common causes of death were: respiratory insufficiency 29.4%, multiorgan insufficiency 21.6%, circulatory insufficiency 13.8%, insufficiency of kidneys 9.8% CONCLUSIONS: The authors suggest that the most important in deciding about necessity and time of surgical intervention of haemorrhagic necrotizing acute pancreatitis are individual clinical characteristics of patients. The lowest mortality was in the group of operated patients in later period of illness and who did not required reoperation.

Primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the pleural cavity: rapid progression.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) accounts for 5-10% of all malignant soft tissue tumors. It often affects the extremities and abdominal cavity and very rarely develops in the thoracic cavity. The incidence in the general population is 0.001%. In our paper we would like to present a case report of a 74-year-old female patient with primary MPNST of the pleural cavity which was previously misdiagnosed as a non-small cell lung cancer. Despite the combined treatment, after four months the patient developed a secondary tumor in the contralateral pleural cavity which was also treated operatively.

Comparison of effectiveness of electrocautery and phenol application in partial matricectomy after partial nail extraction in the treatment of ingrown nails.

UNLABELLED: Ingrowing nail also known as onychocryptosis is a common health problem. This disease mostly affects young people, often carrying a considerable amount of socio-economic implications. It's foot problem that usually manifests as inflammation of tissue along the side of a toenail. The aim of the study was to asses and to compare effectiveness of electrocautery and phenol application in partial matrixectomy after partial nail extraction in the treatment of ingrown toenails. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The group of 60 patients with ingrowing toenail which was randomized into two groups underwent partial matrixectomy in surgical outpatient clinic between 2009-2013. This group of patients was under surgical observation for 100 days in outpatient clinic. RESULTS: In all operated patients we obtained surgical success however we had 13 recurrences during the follow up period, 5 in the phenolization group and 8 in the electrocoagulation group. CONCLUSIONS: There was statistically significant difference between these two techniques, which indicated that matrix phenolization is connected with shortened healing time vs the matrix electrocoagulation.