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BACKGROUND: Numerous surgical interventions are available for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). In recent years, knee-preserving surgery, specifically osteotomy, has gained significant attention from patients, particularly those who are young and physically active, as it not only effectively alleviates pain but also preserves bone integrity, thereby allowing for potential future joint replacement. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the global application trends of osteotomy for KOA and identify the current research hotspots. METHODS: We conducted a literature search encompassing English-language studies on osteotomy for KOA published from 2012 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric analysis tools, including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R Studio, were employed to analyze global trends and research hotspots. RESULTS: We analyzed 1520 eligible publications, comprising 1350 articles and 170 reviews. The number of articles on osteotomy for KOA has exhibited a consistent upward trend over the past decade. The top 3 contributing countries (South Korea, United States, and China) accounted for 45.98% of all published articles. U.S. scholars exhibited high productivity, prominence, and academic impact in this field. Seoul National University published the most papers on the relationship between osteotomy and KOA, while Sungkyunkwan University had the highest average citation rate. Among authors, Yong Seuk Lee from Korea and Steffen Schroeter from Germany had the highest number of publications and average citation values, respectively. Research interests were clustered into 5 categories: "High tibial osteotomy," "Biomechanics of osteotomy," "Osteotomy combined with cartilage repair techniques," "Postoperative prognosis and outcomes," and "Improvement of surgical techniques." CONCLUSION: Recent years have witnessed notable rapid progress in the research on osteotomy for KOA. The field is poised for continued growth in terms of academic literature. The United States has emerged as a global leader in knee osteotomy research, while Korea demonstrates considerable potential in this domain. Future research hotspots may encompass high tibial osteotomies, osteotomies combined with cartilage repair techniques, and advancements in surgical techniques for KOA.
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Artroplastia de Substituição , Osteoartrite do Joelho , Humanos , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Osteotomia , Articulação do Joelho , BibliometriaRESUMO
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a elaborate hip disease characterized by collapse of femoral head and osteoarthritis. RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a crucial role in a lot of biological processes within eukaryotic cells. However, the role of m6A in the regulation of ONFH remains unclear. In this study, we identified the m6A regulators in ONFH and performed subtype classification. We identified 7 significantly differentially expressed m6A regulators through the analysis of differences between ONFH and normal samples in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A random forest algorithm was employed to monitor these regulators to assess the risk of developing ONFH. We constructed a nomogram based on these 7 regulators. The decision curve analysis suggested that patients can benefit from the nomogram model. We classified the ONFH samples into two m6A models according to these 7 regulators through consensus clustering algorithm. After that, we evaluated those two m6A patterns using principal component analysis. We assessed the scores of those two m6A patterns and their relationship with immune infiltration. We observed a higher m6A score of type A than that of type B. Finally, we performed a cross-validation of crucial m6A regulatory factors in ONFH using external datasets and femoral head bone samples. In conclusion, we believed that the m6A pattern could provide a novel diagnostic strategy and offer new insights for molecularly targeted therapy of ONFH.
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Adenina/análogos & derivados , Necrose da Cabeça do Fêmur , Cabeça do Fêmur , Humanos , Fêmur , Necrose da Cabeça do Fêmur/genética , MetilaçãoRESUMO
Background/objective: As the pivotal cellular mediators of bone resorption and pathological bone remodeling, osteoclasts have emerged as a prominent target for anti-resorptive interventions. Pinocembrin (PIN), a predominant flavonoid found in damiana, honey, fingerroot, and propolis, has been recognized for its potential therapeutic effects in osteolysis. The purpose of our project is to investigate the potential of PIN to prevent bone resorption in ovariectomized (OVX) mice by suppressing osteoclast production through its underlying mechanisms. Methods: The study commenced by employing protein-ligand molecular docking to ascertain the specific interaction between PIN and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL). Subsequently, PIN was introduced to bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) under the stimulation of RANKL. The impact of PIN on osteoclastic activity was assessed through the utilization of a positive TRAcP staining kit and a hydroxyapatite resorption assay. Furthermore, the study investigated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in osteoclasts induced by RANKL using H2DCFDA. To delve deeper into the underlying mechanisms, molecular cascades triggered by RANKL, including NF-κB, ROS, calcium oscillations, and NFATc1-mediated signaling pathways, were explored using Luciferase gene report, western blot analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, an estrogen-deficient osteoporosis murine model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of PIN in vivo. Results: In this study, we elucidated the profound inhibitory effects of PIN on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, achieved through repression of NF-κB and NFATc1-mediated signaling pathways. Notably, PIN also exhibited potent anti-oxidative properties by mitigating RANKL-induced ROS generation and augmenting activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes, ultimately leading to a reduction in intracellular ROS levels. Moreover, PIN effectively abrogated the expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes (Acp5, Cathepsin K, Atp6v0d2, Nfatc1, c-fos, and Mmp9), further underscoring its inhibitory impact on osteoclast differentiation and function. Additionally, employing an in vivo mouse model, we demonstrated that PIN effectively prevented osteoclast-induced bone loss resultant from estrogen deficiency. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the potent inhibitory effects of PIN on osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption, and RANKL-induced signaling pathways, thereby establishing PIN as a promising therapeutic candidate for the prevention and management of osteolytic bone diseases. The translational potential of this article: PIN serves as a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and management of osteolytic bone diseases and holds promise for future clinical applications in addressing conditions characterized by excessive bone resorption. PIN is a natural compound found in various sources, including damiana, honey, fingerroot, and propolis. Its widespread availability and potential for therapeutic use make it an attractive candidate for further investigation and development as a clinical intervention.
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Objective: To investigate the impact of the bone mass and volume of the low-density area under the tibial plateau on the lower limb force line by finite element analysis, offering mechanical evidence for preventing internal displacement of the lower limb force line in conjunction with knee varus in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and reducing bone mass under the tibial plateau. Methods: A healthy adult was selected as the study subject, and X-ray film and CT imaging data were acquired. Mimics 21.0 software was utilized to reconstruct the complete knee joint model and three models representing low-density areas under the tibial plateau with equal volume but varying shapes. These models were then imported into Solidworks 2023 software for assembly and verification. Five KOA finite element models with 22%, 33%, 44%, 55%, and 66% bone mass reduction in the low-density area under tibial plateau and 5 KOA finite element models with 81%, 90%, 100%, 110%, and 121% times of the low-density area model with 66% bone mass loss were constructed, respectively. Under physiological loading conditions of the human lower limb, the distal ends of the tibia and fibula were fully immobilized. An axial compressive load of 1 860 N, following the lower limb force line, was applied to the primary load-bearing area on the femoral head surface. The maximum stress within the tibial plateau, as well as the maximum displacements of the tibial cortical bone and tibial subchondral bone, were calculated and analyzed using the finite element analysis software Abaqus 2022. Subsequently, predictions regarding the alteration of the lower limb force line were made based on the analysis results. Results: The constructed KOA model accorded with the normal anatomical structure of lower limbs. Under the same boundary conditions and the same load, the maximum stress of the medial tibial plateau, the maximum displacement of the tibial cortical bone and the maximum displacement of the cancellous bone increased along with the gradual decrease of bone mass in the low-density area under the tibial plateau and the gradual increase in the volume of the low-density area under tibial plateau, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusion: The existence of a low-density area under tibial plateau suggests a heightened likelihood of knee varus and inward movement of the lower limb force line. Both the volume and reduction in bone mass of the low-density area serve as critical initiating factors. This information can provide valuable guidance to clinicians in proactively preventing knee varus and averting its occurrence.
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Densidade Óssea , Análise de Elementos Finitos , Articulação do Joelho , Osteoartrite do Joelho , Tíbia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Tíbia/anatomia & histologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Osteoartrite do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Extremidade Inferior , Suporte de Carga , Masculino , Imageamento Tridimensional , Estresse Mecânico , Simulação por Computador , SoftwareRESUMO
The association between sarcopenia and OA still presents many uncertainties. We aimed to assess whether sarcopenia is associated with occurrence of OA in US adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study consisting of 11,456 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006. Sarcopenia was defined by a low muscle mass. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated as the appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body mass indexes (BMI) or body weight. OA status was assessed by using self-reported questionnaire. We evaluated the association between sarcopenia and OA using multivariate regression models. In addition, subgroup and interaction analysis were performed. Sarcopenia was associated with OA when it was defined by the BMI-adjusted SMI (OR = 1.23 [95% CI, 1.01, 1.51]; P = 0.038) and defined by the weight-adjusted SMI (OR = 1.30 [95% CI, 1.10, 1.55]; P = 0.003). Subgroup and interaction analysis found that the strongest positive association mainly exists in smoker (OR = 1.54 [95% CI, 1.21, 1.95], Pint = 0.006), and this association is not significant in other groups. In conclusion, we found that sarcopenia was associated with occurrence of OA. Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between sarcopenia and OA was more pronounced in smoker. Further well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed to assess our results.
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Osteoartrite , Sarcopenia , Adulto , Humanos , Sarcopenia/complicações , Sarcopenia/epidemiologia , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Estudos Prospectivos , Músculo Esquelético , Osteoartrite/complicações , Osteoartrite/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Latent bioreactive unnatural amino acids (Uaas) have been widely used in the development of covalent drugs and identification of protein interactors, such as proteins, DNA, RNA and carbohydrates. However, it is challenging to perform high-throughput identification of Uaa cross-linking products due to the complexities of protein samples and the data analysis processes. Enrichable Uaas can effectively reduce the complexities of protein samples and simplify data analysis, but few cross-linked peptides were identified from mammalian cell samples with these Uaas. Here we develop an enrichable and multiple amino acids reactive Uaa, eFSY, and demonstrate that eFSY is MS cleavable when eFSY-Lys and eFSY-His are the cross-linking products. An identification software, AixUaa is developed to decipher eFSY mass cleavable data. We systematically identify direct interactomes of Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) and Selenoprotein M (SELM) with eFSY and AixUaa.
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Aminoácidos , Tiorredoxinas , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/química , Humanos , Tiorredoxinas/metabolismo , Tiorredoxinas/genética , Tiorredoxinas/química , Reagentes de Ligações Cruzadas/química , Ligação Proteica , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Peptídeos/química , Selenoproteínas/metabolismo , Selenoproteínas/genética , Selenoproteínas/química , Software , Proteínas/metabolismo , Proteínas/química , Células HEK293RESUMO
Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a practical and safe acetabular reorientation technique used to correct structural hip deformities, and much relevant literature has been published over the past decades. This bibliometric study aims to determine the status of PAO research between 1994 and 2022. Information about PAO research publications from 1994 to 2022 was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. This bibliometric study is implemented and analyzed through three bibliometric tools with respect to publication counts, countries, institutions, authors, journals, funding agencies, references and keywords. In total, 634 publications concerning PAO were identified. The United States and Washington University in St. Louis have published the most literature in terms of country and institution. Additionally, Switzerland and the University of Bern are the country and the institution with the highest average number of citations in the PAO field. The most published and co-cited journal is Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. Burst keyword detection has discovered that 'patient-reported outcome', 'instability', 'risk', 'survivorship' and 'outcome' are regarded as the current research frontier. In summary, our findings provide insight into the bibliometric overview of research status in the PAO field, which may offer later investigators' references in exploring further research directions.