The effect of psyllium consumption on weight, body mass index, lipid profile, and glucose metabolism in diabetic patients: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Water-soluble dietary fibers have been shown to improve lipid profile and glucose metabolism in diabetes. The aim of this study was to review the effects of psyllium consumption on weight, body mass index, lipid profiles, and glucose metabolism in diabetic patients in randomized controlled trials. A comprehensive systematic search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, Cochrane, and Scopus by two independent researchers up to August 2019 without any time and language restrictions. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model method performed to calculate the pooled results. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trial design, adult subjects, and studies reporting the mean differences with the 95% confidence interval for outcome. Eight studies containing nine arms with 395 participants were identified and included in final analysis. Combined results found a significant reduction in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, and hemoglobin A1c following psyllium consumption (weighted mean differences [WMD]: -19.18 mg/dl, 95% CI [-31.76, -6.60], I2 = 98%), (WMD: -8.96 mg/dl, 95% CI [-13.39, -4.52], I2 = 97%), (WMD: -31.71 ml/dl, 95% CI [-50.04, -13.38], I2 = 97%), and (WMD: -0.91%, 95% CI [-1.31, -0.51], I2 = 99%), respectively. There was no significant change in high-density lipoprotein, body mass index, cholesterol, and weight. In conclusion, the results demonstrated a significant reduction in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, and hemoglobin A1c by psyllium intervention among diabetic patients.

Mg alloys with antitumor and anticorrosion properties for orthopedic oncology: A review from mechanisms to application strategies.

As a primary malignant bone cancer, osteosarcoma (OS) poses a great threat to human health and is still a huge challenge for clinicians. At present, surgical resection is the main treatment strategy for OS. However, surgical intervention will result in a large bone defect, and some tumor cells remaining around the excised bone tissue often lead to the recurrence and metastasis of OS. Biomedical Mg-based materials have been widely employed as orthopedic implants in bone defect reconstruction, and, especially, they can eradicate the residual OS cells due to the antitumor activities of their degradation products. Nevertheless, the fast corrosion rate of Mg alloys has greatly limited their application scope in the biomedical field, and the improvement of the corrosion resistance will impair the antitumor effects, which mainly arise from their rapid corrosion. Hence, it is vital to balance the corrosion resistance and the antitumor activities of Mg alloys. The presented review systematically discussed the potential antitumor mechanisms of three corrosion products of Mg alloys. Moreover, several strategies to simultaneously enhance the anticorrosion properties and antitumor effects of Mg alloys were also proposed.

Preparation of Polyaniline-Modified Cellulose/PDMS Composite Triboelectric Material and Application of Its Pretreatment in MOW Pulp.

Self-powered electronic equipment has rapidly developed in the fields of sensing, motion monitoring, and energy collection, posing a greater challenge to triboelectric materials. Triboelectric materials need to enhance their electrical conductivity and mechanical strength to address the increasing demand for stability and to mitigate unpredictable physical damage. In this study, polyaniline-modified cellulose was prepared by means of in situ polymerization and compounded with polydimethylsiloxane, resulting in a triboelectric material with enhanced strength and conductivity. The material was fabricated into a tubular triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) (G-TENG), and an electrocatalytic pretreatment of mixed office waste paper (MOW) pulp was performed using papermaking white water as the flowing liquid to improve the deinking performance. The electrical output performance of G-TENG is highest at a flow rate of 400 mL/min, producing a voltage of 22.76 V and a current of 1.024 µA. Moreover, the deinking effect of MOW was enhanced after the electrical pretreatment. This study explores the potential application of G-TENG as a self-powered sensor power supply and emphasizes its prospect as an energy collection device.

Effects of Fluorine-Based Modification on Triboelectric Properties of Cellulose.

The hydroxyl groups on the cellulose macromolecular chain cause the cellulose surface to have strong reactivity. In this study, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PDOTES) was used to modify cellulose to improve its triboelectric properties, and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was assembled. The introduction of fluorine groups reduced the surface potential of cellulose and turned it into a negative phase, which enhanced the ability to capture electrons. The electrical properties increased by 30% compared with unmodified cellulose. According to the principles of TENGs, a self-powered human-wearable device was designed using PDOTES-paper, which could detect movements of the human body, such as walking and running, and facilitated a practical method for the preparation of efficient wearable sensors.

Bioinformatics analysis of the molecular mechanism of obesity in polycystic ovary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is an important part of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) pathologies. The present study utilized the bioinformatics method to identify the molecular mechanism of obesity status in PCOS. METHODS: Six transcriptome profiles of adipose tissue were obtained from online databases. The background correction and normalization were performed, and the DEGs were detected with the settings p < 0.05. The GO, KEGG pathway enrichment, and PPI network analysis were performed with the detected DEGs. RESULTS: A total of 37 DGEs were found between obesity PCOS and healthy controls, and 8 of them were tested significant in the third database. The expression patterns of the 8 detected DGEs were then measured in another two datasets based on lean/obesity PCOS patients and healthy controls. The gene CHRDL1 was found to be in linear regression with the BMI index in PCOS patients (p = 0.0358), but such a difference was not found in healthy controls (p = 0.2487). The expression of CHRDL1 was significantly higher in obesity PCOS cases than the BMI matched healthy controls (p = 0.0415). Further enrichment research demonstrated the CHRDL1 might function as an inhibitor of the BMP4 or IGF1 signalling. CONCLUSION: In summary, the present study identified CHRDL1 as a candidate gene responsible for the obesity of PCOS patients.