The neural oscillations in delta- and theta-bands contribute to divided attention in audiovisual integration.

One of key mechanisms implicated in multisensory processing is neural oscillations in distinct frequency band. Many studies explored the modulation of attention by recording the electroencephalography signals when subjects attended one modality, and ignored the other modality input. However, when attention is directed toward one modality, it may be not always possible to shut out completely inputs from a different modality. Since many situations require division of attention between audition and vision, it is imperative to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying processing of concurrent auditory and visual sensory streams. In the present study, we designed a task of audiovisual semantic discrimination, in which the subjects were asked to share attention to both auditory and visual stimuli. We explored the contribution of neural oscillations in lower-frequency to the modulation of divided attention on audiovisual integration. Our results implied that theta-band activity contributes to the early modulation of divided attention, and delta-band activity contributes to the late modulation of divided attention to audiovisual integration. Moreover, the fronto-central delta- and theta-bands activity is likely a marker of divided attention in audiovisual integration, and the neural oscillation on delta- and theta-bands is conducive to allocating attention resources to dual-tasking involving task-coordinating abilities.

Metal-doped carbon dots as peroxidase mimic for hydrogen peroxide and glucose detection.

Carbon dots (CDs) have several superior characteristics including sufficient carbon sources, easy preparation, no toxicity, and high catalytic efficiency as a new kind of nanozyme. Herein, Ce-doped carbon dots (Ce-CDs), Cr-doped carbon dots (Cr-CDs), Cu-doped carbon dots (Cu-CDs), Fe-doped carbon dots (Fe-CDs), Mn-doped carbon dots (Mn-CDs), and non-metal-doped carbon dots (0-CDs) were synthesized to explore the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose as peroxidase mimic. The prepared CDs could efficiently oxidize the colorless 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into blue oxTMB in the presence of H2O2. After adding glucose oxidase (GOD) to the CDs/TMB system, a colorimetric method for glucose detection was developed. The results show that Fe-CDs possess the highest catalytic activity. When using Fe-CDs as peroxidase mimetics, the detection limit of this assay for glucose was 0.029 mmol L-1. This successfully provides a sensitive and selective colorimetric method for hydrogen peroxide and glucose determination.

Work-Family Enrichment: Influence of Job Autonomy on Job Satisfaction of Knowledge Employees.

In order to explore the specific path of the influence of job autonomy on the satisfaction of knowledge employees, the current study deduced and established a Chain Mediation Model, which was based on the Resource-Gain-Development Model and the Conservation of Resources Theory. Primary data were gathered through questionnaire surveys at several cities in China by using a professional platform named "Wenjuanxing." The target populations were employees with a bachelor's degree or above, who were engaged in higher knowledge content and have mastered certain professional knowledge and skills, including technical R & D personnel, management personnel, professionals (such as accountants, lawyers, and medics) and other personnel generally recognized by the academic community. In order to improve the reliability of the sample and reduce the error caused by regional differences, the questionnaires were disseminated to involve as many cities in China as possible, such as Tianjin, Beijing, Chengdu, Wuhan, and Guangzhou. SPSS24.0 and Aoms24.0 were used as multivariate data analysis tools for statistical analysis. The results showed that job autonomy can significantly improve the satisfaction of knowledge employees; however, it cannot affect the satisfaction of knowledge employees through self-efficacy. The findings of the study also revealed that job autonomy has a positive impact on both resource source domain satisfaction and resource acceptance domain satisfaction through work-family enrichment, especially the positive emotions in the resource source domain. Job autonomy improves the self-efficacy of knowledge employees, which, in turn, improves their overall satisfaction through the work-family enrichment path.

CRISPR/Cas9 edited HSFA6a and HSFA6b of Arabidopsis thaliana offers ABA and osmotic stress insensitivity by modulation of ROS homeostasis.

The role of Heat Shock Transcription Factor 6 (HSFA6a & HSFA6b) in response to abiotic stresses such as ABA, drought, salinity, drought, and osmotic stress is individually well established. Unfortunately, the functional redundancy between the HSFA6a and HSFA6b as well as the consequences of simultaneous editing of both in response to aforementioned stresses remains elusive. Therefore, this study was designed with the aim of addressing whether there is any functional redundancy between HSFA6a and HSFA6b as well as to decipher their role in abiotic stresses tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, by using the CRISPR-Cas9. We have generated the single (hsfa6a and hsfa6b) as well as double mutants (hsfa6a/hsfa6b-1 and hsfa6a/hsfa6b-2) of HSFA6a and HSFA6b with higher frequencies of deletion, insertion, and substitution. The phenotypic characterization of generated double and single mutants under abiotic stresses such as ABA, mannitol, and NaCl identified double mutants more tolerant to subjected abiotic stresses than those of their single mutants. It warrants mentioning that we have identified that HSFA6a and HSFA6b also involved in other major ABA responses, including ABA-inhibited seed germination, stomatal movement, and water loss. In addition to the above, the simultaneous editing of HSFA6a and HSFA6b lead to a reduced ROS accumulation, accompanied by increased expression of much abiotic stress and ABA-responsive genes, including involved in regulation of ROS level. In conclusion, these results suggest that HSFA6a and HSFA6b may offer abiotic stress tolerance by regulating the ROS homeostasis in plants.

PEGylated HM-3 presents anti-rheumatic bioactivity by inhibiting angiogenesis and inflammation.

PEGylation improves the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of polypeptide drugs. After PEGylation, the modified HM-3 (PEG-HM-3) exhibited a prolonged half-life in blood. In this paper, we evaluated the anti-rheumatic effect of PEG-HM-3, and investigated the target for angiogenesis and inflammation. The anti-rheumatic activity of PEG-HM-3 was documented in an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model. PEG-HM-3 significantly decreased the paw increase percentage and clinical scores, inhibited characteristic signs such as synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, inflammatory infiltration and bone erosion in histological analysis, and reduced bone erosion with the X-ray analysis of the hint paws of rats. The target for angiogenesis and inflammation was assessed with in vivo and in vitro techniques. The in vivo experiments confirmed that PEG-HM-3 decreased the number of blood vessels in rheumatic synovium, reduced the level of serum anti-CII autoantibodies, and decreased the levels of synovial TNF-alpha and VEGF in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. The in vitro results confirmed that the anti-angiogenic effect of PEG-HM-3 was mainly achieved through the inhibition of HUVEC migration. PEG-HM-3 inhibited the mitotic effects in the T-cell population. PEG-HM-3 could significantly inhibit the TNF-alpha and VEGF levels in the LPS-stimulated macrophage and the latter effect was stronger than that seen with HM-3. Furthermore, the simulated molecule docking result showed that the RGD motif of PEG-HM-3 inserted into the pocket site of integrin αvß3, and PEG-HM-3 had a higher predicted affinity with integrin αvß3 compared to the predicted affinity of HM-3 and integrin αvß3. This study has uncovered that PEGylate HM-3 could present an anti-rheumatic bioactivity with a less frequent schedule, and PEG-HM-3 exhibited its anti-rheumatic effects by inhibiting angiogenesis and inflammation. Furthermore, the main targeting site has been confirmed, which explained the changes in the bioactivity of PEG-HM-3.