Provision of Onsite Childcare in US Academic Health Centers: What Factors Make a Difference?

INTRODUCTION: Challenges to work-life balance, including childcare, have been cited as major barriers to career advancement for women in academic medicine. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the availability of onsite childcare at academic health centers (AHCs) for US medical schools and examined institutional characteristics associated with its provision. Data from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) were used to identify US medical schools by region, type (private vs. public, community-based vs. not), financial relationship to the university, and numbers of female medical students, faculty, chairs, and deans. We assessed onsite childcare from publicly available information on institutional websites, plus phone calls to human resources departments at medical centers and/or medical schools. RESULTS: Our study identified 144 US medical schools from the AAMC database and collected complete data for 136 (95%). Most AHCs offered onsite childcare (62%, 84/136). AHCs in the Midwest (78%) were most likely to have onsite childcare, whereas AHCs in the Southwest were least likely (14%, p < .001). No associations were demonstrated between onsite childcare and the proportion of female chairs or female faculty, or the AHC's financial relationship with the parent university. CONCLUSIONS: Although accessible childcare is critical to the upward mobility of women in medicine, more than a third of AHCs do not offer onsite childcare. As more women in medicine navigate childcare demands, the expansion of accessible, quality onsite childcare at AHCs is needed to promote a diverse academic workforce.

Assessing Residency Program Approaches to the Transgender Health CREOG Objective.

Purpose: The transgender population is a small yet distinctive portion of the gynecology patient population, requiring both primary care and specialty services. Recognizing the need for increased education, the Council on Resident Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology (CREOG) developed objectives specific to the care of transgender patients. This study is to assess residency program directors' knowledge about the transgender health CREOG objectives, describe how objectives are being implemented in training programs, and identify what types of educational materials would be useful if available. Methods: In May 2014, an 11-item anonymous survey was sent through e-mail to all eligible program directors of accredited obstetrics and gynecology residency programs. The short questionnaire contained questions about program demographics, approach to training residents with regard to the CREOG objectives, and opinions on tools they would like to use to train their residents on the transgender CREOG objectives. Results: Just under half (47%) of the 86 geographically diverse respondents were from hospital-based programs. The majority reported that the transgender health objectives were important (82%); however, only 70% were familiar with the objectives themselves. Most respondents (96%) felt that providing an educational activity in their training program would be beneficial for their residents' education. Conclusions: Most program directors support the CREOG transgender health objectives and are in favor of implementing educational tools to meet the objectives, suggesting that development of new tools to meet this need would be useful. Future endeavors will be made toward build a training module to facilitate obstetrics and gynecology (Ob-Gyn) programs meeting the CREOG objectives.