Global One Health index for zoonoses: A performance assessment in 160 countries and territories.

The One Health (OH) approach is used to control/prevent zoonotic events. However, there is a lack of tools for systematically assessing OH practices. Here, we applied the Global OH Index (GOHI) to evaluate the global OH performance for zoonoses (GOHI-Zoonoses). The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process algorithm and fuzzy comparison matrix were used to calculate the weights and scores of five key indicators, 16 subindicators, and 31 datasets for 160 countries and territories worldwide. The distribution of GOHI-Zoonoses scores varies significantly across countries and regions, reflecting the strengths and weaknesses in controlling or responding to zoonotic threats. Correlation analyses revealed that the GOHI-Zoonoses score was associated with economic, sociodemographic, environmental, climatic, and zoological factors. Additionally, the Human Development Index had a positive effect on the score. This study provides an evidence-based reference and guidance for global, regional, and country-level efforts to optimize the health of people, animals, and the environment.

Power of One Health: the first year of Science in One Health.

The international journal Science in One Health (SOH), launched a year ago, is a platform to disseminate research achievements and practical lessons in the field of One Health globally and to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by systematic thinking with multi-disciplinary approach to solve complex health problems. This paper reviews the efforts that SOH editorial board made in the first year to promote a multi-disciplinary teamwork, create a platform for exchanges of ideas, and initiate a community for One Health. SOH has received manuscripts from six continents and published 24 articles (5 in press) in the first year. SOH is devoted to providing more and more high-quality articles in One Health disciplines including One Health database, antimicrobial resistance, zoonotic diseases, food security, One Health governance and climate changes with their impacts. This editorial illustrated the power of Science in One Health.

Impact of the microbiome on human, animal, and environmental health from a One Health perspective.

The microbiome encompasses the genomes of the microorganisms that inhabit specific environments. One Health is an emerging concept, recognised as a cohesive, harmonising approach aimed at sustainably improving the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment. The microbiome plays a crucial role in the One Health domain, facilitating interactions among humans, animals, and the environment, along with co-evolution, co-development, co-metabolism, and co-regulation with their associated humans and animals. In addition, the microbiome regulates environmental health through interactions with plant microbiota, which actively participate in substance cycling (particularly the carbon and nitrogen cycles) and influence the overall energy flow in the biosphere. Moreover, antibiotic resistance genes present in microbiota can lead to widespread drug resistance in both humans and animals. This review explores the impact of the microbiome on humans, animals, and the environment, highlighting the significance of focusing on this field in One Health research.