Inhibition of matrine against gastric cancer cell line MNK45 growth and its anti-tumor mechanism.

Anti-tumor activity and mechanism of matrine is evaluated and investigated. MTT assay showed that the matrine was able to inhibit gastric cancer cell line MNK45 in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC50) was found to be 540 µg/ml. This anti-tumor function was achieved through modulation of the NF-κB, XIAP, CIAP, and p-ERK proteins expression in cell line MNK45. By western blot analysis, we found that expression of NF-κB, XIAP, CIAP, and p-ERK proteins in cell line MNK45 would vary with varying concentration of matrine. These protein interactions possibly play a pivotal role in the regulation of apoptosis, for which further detailed analyzes are need. These results overall indicate that matrine can be used as an effective anti-tumor agent in therapy of gastric cancer.

Lycopene enhances antioxidant enzyme activities and immunity function in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-enduced gastric cancer rats.

To investigate anticancer effect of lycopene, we examined the effects of lycopene on the oxidative injury and immunity activities of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer rats. The animals were divided into five groups. Group I served as the normal control and was given corn oil orally for 20 weeks. Group II were induced with MNNG 200 mg/kg body weight by oral gavage at days 0 and 14, and saturated NaCl (1 mL per rats) was given once every three days for four weeks until the end of the experimental period. Group III, IV and V were posttreated with lycopene (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in corn oil) from the sixth week of MNNG (as in group II) induction up to the end of the experimental period. In the presence of MNNG, MDA and immunity levels were significantly increased, whereas enzymatic (SOD, CAT, and GPx) antioxidant activities were decreased in the treated rats compared with normal control rats. Administration of lycopene to gastric carcinoma-induced rats largely up-regulated the redox status and immunity activities to decrease the risk of cancer compared to group II. We conclude that up-regulation of antioxidants and immunity by lycopene treatment might be responsible for the anticancer effect in gastric carcinoma.

Service Quality Improvement of Outpatient Blood Collection by Lean Management.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application effect of lean management in improving the quality of outpatient blood collection services. METHODS: For this study, a total of 146,907 patients whose blood was sampled by outpatient services between April 2020 and September 2020 were selected. We analyzed the influence of various factors on the waiting time and satisfaction levels of the patients for blood collection and eliminated confounders based on the results of the analysis. Lean management for the outpatient blood collection service was implemented in July 2020. Thus, the 38,275 cases sampled on weekday mornings between April and June 2020 were selected as the ordinary management group, while the 39,473 cases sampled on weekday mornings between July and September 2020 belonged to the lean management group. Finally, the changes in waiting time and the satisfaction levels of the patients were evaluated. RESULTS: The age and gender of the patients and the length of service of the staff, who administered blood collection had a negligible effect on the waiting time (Z=-1.243, P=0.418; Z=-1.569, P=0.389; Z = -1.062, P= 0.563), while there was a statistical difference in the waiting time between different days and different sessions (Z = -2.581, P = 0.013 and Z = -4.672, P < 0.001). We also found that the length of service of blood collection staff, day, session, and age and gender of patients did not have a meaningful effect on patient satisfaction (P > 0.05). Overall, the median waiting time of outpatients decreased from 22 min to 13 min after the implementation of lean management (Z =10.522, P < 0.001), while the satisfaction level of outpatients increased from 95.37% to 98.33% (χ 2 = 559.580, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The application of lean management can significantly shorten outpatient waiting time for blood collection, improve patients satisfaction levels, and enhance the overall patient experience. Thus, lean management can significantly improve the service quality of outpatient blood collection.

[Value of imprint in bone marrow morphological examination].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of bone marrow (BM) imprint in the diagnosis of hematological diseases. METHODS: Between January 2002 and June 2008, a total of 3024 cases with BM smears, imprints and sections conducted simultaneously were recruited. There were 1667 males and 1357 females with a median age of 55 years old (range: 7 to 92). The cellularity on imprint and smear was evaluated with the standard cellularity on BM section. With the integrative diagnosis (including all examinations and clinical outcomes) as the standard, the diagnostic accuracy of hematological diseases were compared between BM imprint, smear and section groups. Another 79 cases of lymphoma and 114 cases of plasma cell myeloma (PCM) were selected for a correlation analysis of tumor cell infiltration patterns. RESULTS: BM imprint contained hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic regions and cells retained integrated structure. The cellularity evaluation by imprint was superior to smear overall. In BM imprint group, the diagnostic accuracy for hypersplenism (n = 130), metastatic carcinoma (n = 67), refractory anemia with excess blasts, myeloproliferative neoplasm (n = 174), and PCM (n = 94) were better than smear group (96.9% vs 80.7%, 91.0% vs 76.1%, 92.6% vs 81.5%, 92.5% vs 76.4%, and 97.8% vs 92.6% respectively, all P < 0.05); And the diagnostic accuracy for megaloblastic anemia (n = 69), acute myeloid leukemia (n = 104), refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia (n = 15), refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (n = 22), and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (n = 12) were higher than biopsy section group (100% vs 84.0%, 91.3% vs 74.0%, 86.7% vs 60.0%, 90. 9% vs 72.7%, and 66.6% vs 50.0% respectively, all P < 0.05); And the diagnostic accuracy for myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (n = 26) was higher than smear group (76.3%, P < 0.05) and biopsy section group (78.2%, P < 0.05). Excellent correlations existed between BM imprint and section of the patients with lymphoma or with PCM (r = 0.90, r = 0.78, both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: BM imprint contains the characteristics of both smear and section. BM imprint is superior to smear for an evaluation of cellularity. And it is also better than section for an analysis of cytological changes.

Novel distribution pattern of fibrinolytic components in rabbit tissues extract: a preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work was to investigate the distribution pattern of fibrinolytic factors and their inhibitors in rabbit tissues. METHODS: The components of the fibrinolytic system in extracts from a variety of rabbit tissues, including tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), plasminogen (Plg), plasmin (Pl) and alpha(2) plasmin inhibitor (alpha(2)PI), were determined by colorimetric assay. RESULTS: The tissue extracts in renal, small intestine, lung, brain and spleen demonstrated strong fibrinolytic function, in which high activity of tPA, Plg and Pl was manifested; whereas in skeletal muscle, tongue and stomach, higher activity of PAI-1 and alpha(2)PI showed obviously. Also excellent linear correlations were found between levels of tPA and PAI-1, Pl and alpha(2)PI, Plg and Pl. In related tissues, renal cortex and renal marrow showed distinctly higher activity of tPA and lower activity of PAI-1, with the levels of Plg and Pl in renal cortex being higher than those in renal marrow, where the alpha(2)PI level was higher than that in renal cortex. Similarly, the levels of tPA, Plg and Pl in small intestine were higher than those in large intestine, but with respect to PAI-1 and alpha(2)PI, the matter was reverse. In addition, the fibrinolytic activity in muscle tissue was lower, however, the levels of tPA, Plg, and Pl in cardiac muscle were obviously higher than those in skeletal muscles, and the levels of PAI-1 and alpha(2)PI were significantly lower than those in skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that a remarkable difference of the fibrinolytic patterns exists in rabbit tissues, which has probable profound significance in understanding the relationship between the function of haemostasis or thrombosis and the physiologic function in tissues.

[Preoperative molecular staging of colorectal cancers by CM10 ProteinChip and SELDI-TOF-MS analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the serum proteomic patterns by using SELDI-TOF-MS and CM10 ProteinChip techniques in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and to evaluate the significance of the proteomic patterns in colorectal cancer staging. METHODS: A total of 76 serum samples were obtained from CRC patients at different clinical stages, including Dukes A (n = 10), Dukes B (n = 19), Dukes C (n = 16) and Dukes D (n = 31). Different stage models were developed and validated by bioinformatics methods of support vector machines, discriminant analysis and time-sequence analysis. RESULTS: The model I formed by six proteins of peaks at m/z 2759.6, 2964.7, 2048.0, 4795.9, 4139.8 and 37 761.6 could do the best as potential biomarkers to distinguish local CRC patients (Dukes A and Dukes B) from regional CRC patients (Dukes C ) with an accuracy of 86.7%. The model II formed by 3 proteins of peaks at m/z 6885.3, 2058.3 and 8567.8 could do the best to distinguish locoregional CRC patients (Dukes A, B and C) from systematic CRC patients (Dukes D) with an accuracy of 75.0%. The mode III could distinguish Dukes A from Dukes B with an accuracy of 86.2% (25/29). The model IV could distinguish Dukes A from Dukes C with an accuracy of 84.6% (22/26). The model V could distinguish Dukes B from Dukes C with an accuracy of 85.7% (30/35). The model VI could distinguish Dukes B from Dukes D with an accuracy of 80.0% (40/50). The model VII could distinguish Dukes C from Dukes D with an accuracy of 78.7% (37/47). Different stage groups could be distinguished by the two-dimensional scattered spots figure obviously. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that this method can well be used in preoperative staging of colorectal cancers and the screened tumor markers may serve for guidance of integrating treatment of colorectal cancers.

Preoperatively molecular staging with CM10 ProteinChip and SELDI-TOF-MS for colorectal cancer patients.

OBJECTIVES: To detect the serum proteomic patterns by using SELDI-TOF-MS (surface enhanced laser desorption/ ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry) technology and CM10 ProteinChip in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and to evaluate the significance of the proteomic patterns in the tumour staging of colorectal cancer. METHODS: SELDI-TOF-MS and CM10 ProteinChip were used to detect the serum proteomic patterns of 76 patients with colorectal cancer, among them, 10 Stage I, 19 Stage II, 16 Stage III and 31 Stage IV samples. Different stage models were developed and validated by support vector machines, discriminant analysis and time-sequence analysis. RESULTS: The Model I formed by 6 protein peaks (m/z: 2759.58, 2964.66, 2048.01, 4795.90, 4139.77 and 37761.60) could be used to distinguish local CRC patients (Stage I and Stage II) from regional CRC patients (Stage III) with an accuracy of 86.67% (39/45). The Model II formed by 3 protein peaks (m/z: 6885.30, 2058.32 and 8567.75) could be used to distinguish locoregional CRC patients (Stage I, Stage II and Stage III) from systematic CRC patients (Stage IV) with an accuracy of 75.00% (57/76). The Model III could distinguish Stage I from Stage II with an accuracy of 86.21% (25/29). The Model IV could distinguish Stage I from Stage III with accuracy of 84.62% (22/26). The Model V could distinguish Stage II from Stage III with accuracy of 85.71% (30/35). The Model VI could distinguish Stage II from Stage IV with accuracy of 80.00% (40/50). The Model VII could distinguish Stage III from Stage IV with accuracy of 78.72% (37/47). Different stage groups could be distinguished by the two-dimensional scattered spots figure obviously. CONCLUSION: This method showed great success in preoperatively determining the colorectal cancer stage of patients.

[Determination of trace arsenic in sulfur by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with La(NO3)3-Ni(NO3)2 matrix modifier].

In this paper, the decomposition method of sulfur and the determination of trace arsenic in sulfur by GFAAS with La(NO3)3-Ni(NO3)2 matrix modifier were studied in detail. The decomposition of sulfur with mixed acid HNO3-HClO4 by controlled temperature electrothermal method or pressure crucible method was efficient and safe. The sensitivity of the determination of arsenic with La(NO3)3-Ni(NO3)2 matrix modifier was higher than with Ni(NO3)2 or Mg(NO3)2 matrix modifiers. The detection limit was 0.034 microgram.mL-1 (k = 3). The analytical results of the sulfur samples were coincident with the results of determination by HG-ICP-AES. The adding recoveries were 97.5%-110% and the relative standard deviation was less than or equal to 2.1% (n = 4).

Oxaliplatin-incorporated micelles eliminate both cancer stem-like and bulk cell populations in colorectal cancer.

PURPOSE: The failure of cancer treatments is partly due to the enrichment of cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) that are resistant to conventional chemotherapy. A novel micelle formulation of oxaliplatin (OXA) encapsulated in chitosan vesicle was developed. The authors postulate that micelle encapsulation of OXA would eliminate both CSLCs and bulk cancer cells in colorectal cancer (CRC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this study, using stearic acid-g-chitosan oligosaccharide (CSO-SA) polymeric micelles as a drug-delivery system, OXA-loaded CSO-SA micelles (CSO-SA/OXA) were prepared. Intracellular uptake of CSO-SA/OXA micelles was assessed by confocal microscope. The effects of free OXA, the empty carrier, and CSO-SA/OXA micelles were tested using human CRC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: The micelles showed excellent internalization ability that increased OXA accumulation both in CRC cells and tissues. Furthermore, CSO-SA/OXA micelles could either increase the cytotoxicity of OXA against the bulk cancer cells or reverse chemoresistance of CSLC subpopulations in vitro. Intravenous administration of CSO-SA/OXA micelles effectively suppressed the tumor growth and reduced CD133+/CD24+ cell (putative CRC CSLC markers) compared with free OXA treatment, which caused CSLC enrichment in xenograft tumors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that CSO-SA micelle as a drug-delivery carrier is effective for eradicating CSLCs and may act as a new option for CRC therapy.