Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of orange-red carbon dots from the paper tissues as the precursor.

In recent years, stable and photoluminescence (PL) tunable fluorescent materials known as carbon dots (CDs) have seen rapid development. Here, a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly approach has been developed to synthesize the orange-red CDs (OR-CDs) with paper tissues as the precursor in the presence of ethanol and concentrated sulfuric acid. The average diameter of the OR-CDs was measured at around 1.25 nm. The as-prepared OR-CDs are composed of carbon cores with the graphite structure distributed in the middle and wrapped or entangled by polymers for the outside. Moreover, the PL characteristics of the OR-CDs under the dilute solution state and the concentrated solution state, respectively, were explored. The former with the blue light showed prominent excitation-dependent characteristics in the range from 365 to 420 nm; the latter rendered the excitation-independent property with distinguished orange-red fluorescence emission. With an increase in the concentration, the emission fluorescence intensities gradually increased under the excitation wavelength of 540 nm, which can be attributed to the aggregation-induced emission property of the OR-CDs. By virtue of their excellent PL properties and low toxicity, we believe that the OR-CDs have potential applications in various optoelectronic areas, especially in white LED fields.

Calibration, Compensation and Accuracy Analysis of Circular Grating Used in Single Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscope.

The accuracy of the circular grating is the key point for control precision of the single gimbal control moment gyroscope servo system used in civilian micro-agile satellites. Instead of using the multi reading heads to eliminate eccentricity errors, an algorithm compensation method based on a calibration experiment using a single reading head was proposed to realize a low-cost and high accuracy angular position measurement. Moreover, the traditional hardware compensation method using double reading heads was also developed for comparison. Firstly, the single gimbal control moment gyroscope system of satellites was introduced. Then, the errors caused by the installation of the reading head were studied and the mathematic models of these errors were developed. In order to construct the compensation function, a calibration experiment using the autocollimator and 24-sided prism was performed. Comparison of angle error compensation using the algorithm and hardware method was presented, and results showed that the algorithm compensation method proposed by this paper achieved the same accuracy level as the hardware method. Finally, the proposed method was further verified through a control system simulation.

[Systematic reviews of effects of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets on pro-inflammatory factors in rheumatoid arthritis].

To systematically evaluate the effects of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets alone or in combination with methotrexate(MTX) and leflunomide(LEF) on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients or animal models with rheumatoid arthritis(RA), and to provide reference for clinical application and related basic research, this study systematically searched databases of CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, collected relevant clinical or animal experimental studies, used risk assessment tools to evaluate the quality of research, and used Revman 5.3 software to conduct Meta-analysis or descriptive analysis of the outcome indicators included in the literatures. Of the 1 709 papers retrieved, 3 clinical studies and 12 animal experiments were included. The results showed that compared with MTX alone, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX could further reduce the expression levels of peripheral blood TNF-α(SMD=-8.88,95%CI[-10.77,-6.99],P<0.000 01),IL-1ß(P<0.000 01) and IL-6(SMD=-8.63, 95%CI[-10.57,-6.69], P<0.000 01) in RA patients. Compared with LEF alone, the combination of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets and LEF could not further reduce the expression levels of TNF-α(P=0.20), IL-1ß(P=0.17), IL-6(P=0.31). In RA animal model, compared with model group, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets could reduce the expression levels of peripheral blood IL-1ß(SMD=-6.29,95%CI[-9.64,-2.93],P<0.000 2)in peripheral blood(SMD=-1.39,95%CI[-1.77,-1.02],P<0.000 01), joint fluid(P<0.000 01) and paw plasma(P=0.02), and also reduce the expression levels of TNF-α in RA animal model group. Compared with MTX alone, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets alone reduced the same levels of TNF-α(P=0.42) and IL-6(P=0.08) in joint fluid, while Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX could further reduce the levels of IL-6(P=0.000 1) in joint fluid; compared with LEF alone, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets have the similar effects on reducing the expression levels of peripheral blood TNF-α(P=0.16), IL-1ß(P=0.32), IL-6(P=0.12), while Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with LEF could further reduce the expression levels of TNF-α(P=0.008), IL-1ß(P=0.02), IL-6(P<0.000 1) in peripheral blood. Therefore, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX could further reduce the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood of RA patients. Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets alone could reduce the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood and local joint of RA animal models. Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX or LEF could further reduce the express levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood of RA animal models. Due to the limitation of literature, this conclusion needs to be further validated.

[Meta-analysis of RCT studies on clinical efficacy of single administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets or combined administration with methotrexate against rheumatoid arthritis].

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of single administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets(TGT) or combined administration with methotrexate(MTX) against rheumatoid arthritis(RA) based on American College of Rheumatology(ACR) efficacy standard. Six databases, namely CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, were retrieved for randomized controlled trials(RCT), and clinical trials were screened out according to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, the study quality was evaluated by the risk assessment tools. Data extraction and analysis were performed by using RevMan 5.3 software for Meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were made to test the stability and reliability of results. Until December 2018, a total of 1 709 articles were obtained, and finally 10 clinical RCT studies with a total of 1 184 patients were included. As a result, the single administration of TGT showed a significantly better ACR efficiency(RR=1.31, 95%CI[1.15, 1.49], P<0.000 1) than methotrexate(MTX). The combined administration of TGT and MTX showed a significantly better ACR efficiency(RR=1.28, 95%CI[1.20, 1.38], P<0.000 01) than the single administration of MTX. In conclusion, the single administration of TGT and the combined administration of TGT and MTX were more effective in achieving ACR20, ACR50, ACR70 compliance than the single administration of MTX. Further validations based on more RCT studies with high-quality are required.

Integrated optomechanical analyses and experimental verification for a thermal system of an aerial camera.

The thermal control system based on a combination of passive and active methods for a compact aerial camera used in the unmanned aerial vehicle system is studied. Integrated analysis and an experimental method are developed to ensure both low-power limit and high image quality of the camera. For rapid estimation of thermal behavior, we develop a thermal mathematic model based on a thermal network method that also offers an initial design reference for the active control system; then we develop a more complex integrated analysis method to analyze and optimize the thermal system, which allows us to get performance insights such as internal temperature gradient and airflow of the compact system. We also focus on analyzing the optical surface errors under thermal disturbance. Comparisons of interferometer test records and thermal-elastic simulation results are presented, and this comparison shows that the integrated optomechanical analysis method contributes to the success of optomechanical system design by ensuring thermal disturbance will not deform the optical surfaces beyond allowable limits. Finally, the design method is verified through a thermo-optic experiment.

[Meta-analysis of laboratory index of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].

The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Tripterysium Glycosides Tablets( TGT) alone or in combination with methotrexate( MTX) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis( RA) based on the laboratory index criteria and to provide a basis for the clinical application of TGT against RA. Six databases including CNKI,Wan Fang,VIP,PubMed,EMbase and Cochrane were retrieved for randomized controlled trials( RCT) about TGT alone or combination with MTX in the treatment of RA.Then risk assessment tools were used for quality evaluation of the studies,and data extraction and analysis were conducted by using Rev Man 5.3 software for Meta-analysis. A total of 1 709 articles were retrieved,and finally 25 studies were included,with a total sample size of 2 507 cases. Meta-analysis results showed that between TGT alone and TGT alone,MDESR=-2. 66,95%CI[-8.17,2.86],P = 0.35; MDCRP=-2.38,95%CI[-9.01,4.24],P = 0.48; between TGT combined with MTX and MTX alone,MDESR= 8.74,95%CI[6.72,10.76],P<0.000 01; MDCRP= 5.37,95%CI[3.71,7.03],P<0.000 01; SMDRF= 1.05,95%CI[0.51,1.60],P = 0.000 1.The effect of TGT on decreasing CRP and ESR in RA patients was similar to the MTX. In addition,TGT combined with MTX were more effective in decreasing CRP,ESR,RF than MTX alone. However,due to the potential bias in the included studies,more and high-quality randomized controlled trials would be needed to improve the level of evidence.

[Clinical symptoms effect of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets alone or combined with methotrexate in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a Meta-analysis].

To systematically review the improvement effects of Tripterygium Glycosides Tables( TGT) alone or in combination with methotrexate( MTX) on the clinical signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis( RA),and provide a basis for the rational use of TGT in clinic,in the current study,six literature databases including CNKI,Wan Fang,VIP,PubMed,EMbase,and Cochrane Library,were systematically searched,according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to input the literatures,and we assessed the risk bias on the level of outcome indicators for each included literature. A total of 18 literatures were included,and the classification results showed that: compared with MTX,TGT alone can reduce the number of joint swelling( MD =0. 18,95%CI[-1.06,1.42],P = 0.78) and joint tenderness( MD =-0.06,95% CI[-1.69,1.56],P = 0.94) in RA patients with the same effect as MTX. In terms of drug combination,TGT combined with MTX had an advantage over MTX alone in lessening the morning stiffness time( MD = 18. 24,95% CI[12. 64,23. 84],P < 0. 000 01) of RA,joint tenderness( MD = 2. 65,95% CI[1. 85,3. 44],P<0.000 01) and joint swelling( MD = 3.01,95% CI[2.09,3.39],P< 0.000 01). In conclusion,this Meta-analysis suggest that TGT alone was superior to MTX in improving joint swelling and tenderness in RA patients,TGT combined with MTX may improve the clinical manifestation of RA patients better than MTX alone.

Study on the relation between tissues pathologies and traditional chinese medicine syndromes in knee osteoarthritis: Medical image diagnostics by preoperative X-ray and surgical arthroscopy.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether integration of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine has advantage in achieving the improved diagnosis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: 90 patients with knee osteoarthritis were selected from The Department of Minimal Invasive Joint of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from June 2013 to June 2015. They were divided into 3 groups with 30 cases per group in accordance to the syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine. The patients underwent arthroscopic surgery, and we categorized the patients having the same characterization in each group, and those having distinct difference into the three groups. Based on the arthroscopic analysis, we performed analysis of statistical data in order to analyze the relation between knee osteoarthritis under arthroscope and traditional Chinese medicine syndromes. RESULTS: There are three syndromes according to traditional Chinese medicine that can be categorized into various different groups. The synovial proliferation can be seen mostly in the syndrome of stagnation of blood stasis. The slight damage of knee joint cartilage can be seen in the syndrome of yang deficiency and cold stagnation, the severe one in the syndrome of kidney-marrow deficiency. We found that there are different pathological expressions with the various degree of the tissues damage at the knee and we categorized the knee according to their syndrome. CONCLUSION: For knee osteoarthritis, different syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine presents different tissues pathological changes at the knee joint under arthroscopy, which will provide objective basis for the diagnosis of this medical condition.

Metagenomic sequencing revealed the regulative effect of Danshen and Honghua herb pair on the gut microbiota in rats with myocardial ischemia injury.

In recent years, more and more evidence has shown that the disorder of gut microbiota (GM) is closely correlated with myocardial ischemia (MI). Even though the Danshen and Honghua herb pair (DHHP) is widely used in treating cardiovascular disease in China and exhibits obvious clinical efficacy on MI, the anti-MI mechanism of DHHP remains and needs to be explored in depth. Thus, in this study, we investigated whether the amelioration effect and molecular mechanism of DHHP on MI were related to regulating GM through pharmacodynamics evaluation and metagenomic sequencing. Histopathological testing results showed that DHHP treatment could alleviate the pathological changes of myocardial tissue in the acute MI (AMI) rats induced by isoproterenol (ISO), especially structural disorder, irregular distribution, and enlargement of the myocardial space. These pathological changes were all alleviated to some extent by DHHP treatment. Biochemical analysis results suggested that compared with the control group, the serum levels of AST, CTn-I, CK-MB, and TNF-α in model group rats were notably decreased, and the CAT and SOD levels in serum were markedly increased. These abnormal trends were significantly reversed by DHHP treatment. Furthermore, metagenomic sequencing analysis results indicated that DHHP could improve disorders in the composition and function of GM in AMI rats, mainly reflected in increasing diversity and richness, and obviously enhancing the abundance of Bacteroides fluxus, B. uniformis, B. stercoris, Roseburia hominis, Schaedlerella arabinosiphila, and R. intestinalis, and reducing the abundance of Enterococcus avium and E. canintestini, which were associated with purine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. In conclusion, DHHP may attenuate ISO-induced MI by regulating the structure, composition, and function of GM, thus contributing to further our understanding of the anti-MI mechanisms of DHHP and providing new therapeutic ideas and diagnostic targets for the clinical studies of MI.

[Clinical study of intercondylar fossa formation to prevent intercondylar fossa impingement after high tibia osteotomy].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of intercondylar fossa plasty in preventing intercondylar fossa impingement syndrome after high tibial osteotomy. METHODS: From August 2018 to August 2020, 84 patients with inverted knee osteoarthritis were treated by arthroscopy combined with high tibial osteotomy, and were divided into two groups with 42 cases in each group according to different surgical methods. In the intercondylar fossa plasty group, there were 13 males and 29 females, age ranged from 52 to 67 years old with an average of(58.27±4.32) years old, and arthroscopic intercondylar fossa plasty was performed first, and then high tibial osteotomy. In the arthroscopic cleansing group, 16 males and 26 females, age ranged from 50 to 71 years old with an average of (59.02±5.14) years old, underwent arthroscopic cleansing and then high tibial osteotomy. Postoperative treatment was evaluated using visual analogue scale(VAS), hospital for special surgery (HSS) score for the knee, and the occurrence of intercondylar percussa impingement. RESULTS: All 84 patients were followed up, the duration ranged from 12 to 18 months with an average of (14.1±1.6) months. The VAS and HSS score of knee joint at 6, 12 and 18 months after surgery were significantly improved compared with preoperative period, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05), but the incidence of intercondylar fossa index and intercondylar fossa impact between the two groups was significantly compared 18 months after surgery (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Intercondylar fossa plasty can effectively prevent the incidence of intercondylar fossa impact after high tibial osteotomy, and has a more significant effect on postoperative knee pain and function improvement.

Patellar Height after High Tibial Osteotomy of the Distal Tibial Tuberosity: A Retrospective Study of Age Stratification.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of age stratification on patellar height after single-plane high tibial osteotomy of the distal tibial tuberosity (DTT-HTO). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 110 knee joints undergoing DTT-HTO. Patients were divided into three groups according to age: under 60 years old, 28 cases; 60 to 70 years old, 61 cases; and over 70 years old, 21 cases. All patients were followed up for no less than 12 months, and at each follow-up, short-leg radiographs and whole-leg radiographs were taken. The values of the Caton-Deschamps index (CDI) and Blackburne-Peel index (BPI) of single-short-leg radiographs and the femoral-tibial angle (FTA) and weight-bearing line ratio (WBLR) of whole-leg radiographs were measured before and at the last follow-up. The Lysholm score before and at the last follow-up and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score before and 3 days after surgery and at the last follow-up were calculated. The frequency of classification of the normal-height patella, patella alta, and patella baja before and after surgery was recorded. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in CDI and BPI preoperatively or postoperatively among the three groups (P > 0.05), and there were no statistically significant differences in FTA and WBLR. There were no significant differences in CDI, BPI, FTA, or WBLR between the three groups before and after the operation (P > 0.05). The Lysholm score increased from 48.84 ± 10.10 before surgery to 91.96 ± 3.082 after surgery (P < 0.05); the VAS score decreased from 8.23 ± 0.99 before surgery to 1.93 ± 0.953 at 3 days after surgery and 1.07 ± 0.53 at the last follow-up (P < 0.01). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of each patellar height classification between the three groups preoperatively and postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Patellar height is not influenced by DTT-HTO. The age of patients is not a limiting factor for the selection of this surgical procedure. Without affecting the height of the patella, DTT-HTO can effectively reduce pain in the knee joint, restore the function of the knee joint, and delay the progression of patellar arthritis.

System identification and mechanical resonance frequency suppression for servo control used in single gimbal control moment gyroscope.

Effective identification of the control model is one of the key aspects in improving the performance of the single gimbal control moment gyroscope (SGCMG) servo system. The accuracy and stability of the servo system can be improved by studying system identification and mechanical resonance frequency. In this study, firstly, the SGCMG gimbal servo system was simplified to a two-mass block model. The theoretical mathematical model of the system's transfer function and mechanical resonance frequency was derived. Secondly, this paper studied the effective suppression method for mechanical resonance. Thirdly, the mathematical model of the orthogonal correlation analysis method was deduced for system identification. Then, an experimental platform was investigated to obtain the frequency characteristic curve and the transfer function. Finally, the frequency characteristic curve obtained using the transfer function model was plotted and compared with the frequency characteristic curve obtained experimentally. Our results indicate that the orthogonal correlation analysis has a high identification accuracy.

Tongue Manifestation in Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Cross-sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: Although tongue manifestation is a vital component of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), relevant research on patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is still lacking. This study will explore the characteristic tongue manifestation of ONFH patients to inform future research and clinical practice. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. All ONFH patients meeting criteria and their clinical data were collected from the online China osteonecrosis of the femoral head database (CONFHD) since it was created. Organized tongue manifestations of eligible patients through the tongue manifestation acquisition instrument, including tongue shape, tongue color, tongue coating thickness, tongue coating color and tongue coating moisture. We used descriptive analysis for the general information while systematic clustering analysis for the better summary of tongue characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 375 ONFH patients were included with an average age of 46.3 years. Most patients appeared with enlarged tongue body (54.4%), and the proportions of pale and red tongue (62.4%) were higher than others. Tongue coating were mainly showed as thick (64.5%), white (57.6%) and moist (79.7%). Comparison of tongue shape between different causes of ONFH had a significant statistically difference (P = 0.000). Tongue manifestations could be cluster analyzed into three categories which were matched into four TCM syndromes. CONCLUSIONS: The tongue manifestation of ONFH patients has a significant change both in tongue body and coating, and different features may be related to the ONFH pathology. This study provides new and valuable tongue informations for a preliminary screening of ONFH patients.

Platycodon grandiflorum root fermentation broth reduces inflammation in a mouse IBD model through the AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

The effect of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) on colitis and its underlying mechanism were rarely studied. In this study, Lactobacillus rhamnosus 217-1 was used to ferment PG roots, and the concentrations of platycodin-D, flavonoids, and polyphenols and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate were significantly increased. Treatment with a PG root fermentation broth (PGRFB) could reduce dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Meanwhile, the PGRFB significantly reduced the content of inflammatory factors in mouse serum and the expression of inflammatory factor mRNA in the intestinal tract, regulated the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages, and increased the expression of tight junction protein mRNA in intestinal epithelial cells. In summary, it was proved that the PGRFB could inhibit the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and the expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and lowering the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Three-dimensional surgical planning and clinical evaluation of the efficacy of distal tibial tuberosity high tibial osteotomy in obese patients with varus knee osteoarthritis.

PURPOSE: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is an effective surgical treatment for varus knee osteoarthritis. However, obese patients require reinforced internal fixation materials to prevent internal fixation fractures and hardware failure after osteotomy. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of distal tibial tuberosity high tibial osteotomy (DTT-HTO) using the new patented π-shaped plate in obese patients with varus knee osteoarthritis. METHOD: Thirty-four obese patients (39 knees) with varus knee osteoarthritis who underwent DTT-HTO with the π-shaped plate and second-look arthroscopy when implant removal occurred from September 2017 to June 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Three-dimensional surgical planning using DTT-HTO on the knees is performed. There were 9 males and 25 females, with body mass index (BMI) values ranging from 30.3 to 38.5 kg/m2 and ages ranging from 50 to 75 years old. The radiological assessment was performed with the femora tibial angle (FTA) and the weight-bearing line ratio (WBLR). The clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The status of the cartilage was evaluated by the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grading system. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 18-30 months. The FTA significantly changed from 181.68±1.68.preoperatively to171.29±1.51.at the last follow-up (P<0.001). The WBLR significantly increased from 16.85±2.20 to 55.41±2.46% from before surgery to the last follow-up after surgery (P<0.001). The HSS score significantly improved from 56.65±5.27 preoperatively to 68.79±2.61, 77.82±2.15, and 86.12±2.78 at the 6-month, 12-month, and last follow-up after surgery (P<0.001). The WOMAC score significantly decreased from 105.47±3.89 preoperatively to 80.50±4.20, 71.44±4.65, and 52.44±3.14 at the 6-month, 12-month, and last follow-up after surgery (P<0.001). During implant removal, no internal fixation fractures occurred in any patient. The articular cartilage grade in the medial compartment of the knee were significantly higher in the second arthroscopy than in the first arthroscopy, according to the ICRS grading system (P<0.001). The articular cartilage grade in the lateral compartment of the knee showed no statistical differences from the first- to the second-look arthroscopy (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: There are no correlation between BMI and postoperative outcomes. DTT-HTO shows yield excellent clinical results in obese patients with varus knee osteoarthritis. It can be recommended to be used for the heavy patients.

Medial compartment cartilage repair and lower extremity biomechanical changes after single-plane high tibial osteotomy of distal tibial tuberosity.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the cartilage repair of the medial compartment and the biomechanical changes of the lower extremities after single-plane high tibial osteotomy of distal tibial tuberosity (DTT-HTO). METHODS: A total of 30 patients, including 11 males and 19 females, who underwent DTT-HTO with arthroscopic operation in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 and underwent arthroscopic exploration again during the second operation for internal fixation were enrolled. There were 32 knees, including 13 left knees and 19 right knees. Age ranged from 50 to 78, with an average of 63.20 ± 6.61 years old. All patients completed two surgeries and were followed up, and no adverse events occurred during the period. International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) was used to assess the cartilage condition of the medial compartment of the knee during the two surgeries. In this paper, the weight-bearing line ratio (WBLR), the medial proximal tibia angle (MPTA), the femoral tibial angle (FTA) and the posterior tibial slope (PTS) were used to evaluate the changes of the mechanical state of the lower limbs. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index score were used to evaluate the improvement in knee pain and function. RESULTS: All patients completed two operations without adverse events and serious complications. The medial compartment cartilage of all patients had different degrees of repair during the second operation, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the first operation (P < 0.05). During the second operation, the WBLR was corrected from (17.69 ± 2.16)% to (60.90 ± 1.97)%, the MPTA was corrected from (80.72 ± 1.61)° to (89.91 ± 2.58)°, the FTA was corrected from (182.31 ± 3.03)° to (171.81 ± 2.24)°, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in PTS between the two surgeries (P > 0.05). At the second operation, the VAS score decreased from 7.50 ± 1.34 to 0.34 ± 0.85, the WOMAC score decreased from 119.50 ± 10.43 to 46.25 ± 4.13, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: DTT-HTO can significantly correct the weight-bearing line, restore the biomechanical parameters of the lower limb to the normal range, significantly relieve pain and improve knee function, and the medial compartment cartilage repair and regeneration phenomenon will occur after the correction of the weight-bearing line.

Modulation effects of danshen-honghua herb pair on gut microbiota of acute myocardial ischemia model rat.

In the recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that the occurrence of myocardial ischemia (MI) is closely related to the gut microbiota (GM). The Danshen-Honghua herb pair (DHHP), a classic combination in traditional Chinese herbal formulas, has been widely applied throughout history to cure cardiovascular disease, exhibiting remarkable clinical efficacy to treat ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, the intrinsic regulation mechanism of DHHP in treating MI remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the possible protective mechanism of DHHP in rats with acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) induced by isoproterenol (ISO) through 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique. Pharmacodynamic results showed that DHHP significantly ameliorated the pathological changes and improved the abnormal cardiac enzymes levels in the AMI rats. In addition, GM analysis demonstrated that DHHP effectively ameliorated the ISO-induced dysbiosis of the GM community, mainly by enhancing the GM diversity and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Roseburia, unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, the abundance ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes, and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Enterococcus. In summary, this study revealed that DHHP could improve ischemic myocardial injury in rats, and that its regulation mechanism is associated with significantly ameliorating the composition of GM, thus contributing to further our understanding of the anti-MI mechanisms of DHHP.

Denoising-Based Turbo Message Passing for Compressed Video Background Subtraction.

In this paper, we consider the compressed video background subtraction problem that separates the background and foreground of a video from its compressed measurements. The background of a video usually lies in a low dimensional space and the foreground is usually sparse. More importantly, each video frame is a natural image that has textural patterns. By exploiting these properties, we develop a message passing algorithm termed offline denoising-based turbo message passing (DTMP). We show that these structural properties can be efficiently handled by the existing denoising techniques under the turbo message passing framework. We further extend the DTMP algorithm to the online scenario where the video data is collected in an online manner. The extension is based on the similarity/continuity between adjacent video frames. We adopt the optical flow method to refine the estimation of the foreground. We also adopt the sliding window based background estimation to reduce complexity. By exploiting the Gaussianity of messages, we develop the state evolution to characterize the per-iteration performance of offline and online DTMP. Comparing to the existing algorithms, DTMP can work at much lower compression rates, and can subtract the background successfully with a lower mean squared error and better visual quality for both offline and online compressed video background subtraction.

Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Surgery of Inferior Oblique Muscle Ectopia.

OBJECTIVES: To summarize the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis for inferior oblique muscle ectopia (IO-E). Subjects and Methods. Patients diagnosed with IO-E during strabismus surgery from March 2017 to September 2018 were included in this retrospective, cross-sectional study. All patients received preoperative Krimsky test, synoptophore, cycloplegia refraction, fundus torsion, and other strabismus-related specific tests. The anatomic variations of IO-E were always discovered during surgical procedure. Postoperative eye position and binocular visual function (BVF) were all reviewed in early days after operation. RESULTS: A total of 7 patients were enrolled in this study with an average age of 6.4 ± 3.8 yrs. They all presented with significant exotropia and unilateral (or bilateral) overelevation in adduction (OEA). No compensatory head position was detected. Some of them had vertical deviation, V pattern, or excyclotropia, which were indicated by fundus torsion. Monocular or binocular IO-E was distinguished during the surgery, and it could be classified into two types according to its anatomic features. In surgery, the ectopic IO muscle bundle was restored, and different IO weakening methods were employed. Meanwhile, the horizontal deviation was also corrected according to the preoperative examination. Eyes of all patients were properly aligned in the primary position after surgery. Varying degrees of BVF appeared in 3 cases. CONCLUSIONS: IO-E is a rare congenital dysplasia variation of the extraocular muscle, which could appear as inferior oblique overaction. It is difficult to diagnose before surgery, and weakening the overactive ectopic inferior oblique was required for better prognosis if this condition was confirmed during surgery.

Acupotomy Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

METHODS: We performed a comprehensive search on PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and four Chinese databases for articles published prior to June 2020. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used acupotomy therapy as the major intervention in adults with knee OA, were published in either Chinese and English, included more than 20 subjects in each group, and included pain and function in the outcome measures. Knee OA was defined by the American College of Rheumatology or Chinese Orthopedic Association criteria in all studies. We extracted the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain score, the total effectiveness rate, the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) activities of daily living score, and Lysholm's score. We calculated the mean difference (MD) or risk ratio (RR) for all relevant outcomes. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models when appropriate. RESULTS: We identified 1317 potentially relevant studies, thirty-two of which met the eligibility criteria and were conducted in China between 2007 and 2020. A total of 3021 knee OA patients (62.96% female, median age: 57 years, and median disease duration: 33 months) were included. The treatment duration ranged from 1 week to 5 weeks (median: 3 weeks). The typical acupotomy treatment involved releasing soft tissue adhesions and was performed once a week for 1-5 weeks until the pain was relieved. The control group treatments included acupuncture (8 studies), electroacupuncture (10 studies), sodium hyaluronate (8 studies), radiofrequency electrotherapy (1 study), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, 5 studies). The results from the meta-analysis showed that acupotomy led to superior improvements in the VAS pain score (MD = -1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI), -1.51 to -0.71; p < 0.00001) and WOMAC pain score (MD = -2.32; 95% CI, -2.94 to -1.69; p < 0.00001), a higher total effectiveness rate (RR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.09-1.21; p < 0.00001), and superior improvements in the JOA score (MD = 6.39; 95% CI, 4.11-9.76; p < 0.00001) and Lysholm's score (MD = 12.75; 95% CI, 2.61-22.89; p = 0.01) for overall pain and function. No serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION: Chinese acupotomy therapy may relieve pain and improve function in patients with knee OA. Furthermore, rigorously designed and well-controlled RCTs are warranted.