The effect of cardiac rehabilitation program on functional capacity and waist to hip ratio in patients with coronary artery disease: A clinical trial.

AIMS: This study aimed to determine the impact of cardiac rehabilitation programs on functional capacity and waist to hip ratio in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. METHODS: In this clinical trial study 70 CAD patients were selected using purposive sampling and based on inclusion criteria. The intervention consisted of a 12-week training and exercise program included walking sessions at home at least three times a week. The 6-min walk test (6MWT) was conducted to measure the functional capacity and waist to hip ratio (WHR), as the anthropometric index, in both groups before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS 21 using independent t test, paired t test, and Chi-square test. RESULTS: The mean distance traveled in the 6MWT was 297.30 m and 283.55 in intervention and control groups respectively before the intervention. After the intervention, this distance was 509.03 and 389.91 m in intervention and control groups respectively, suggesting a significant difference between the two groups (p < .001). The mean WHR was 0.8648 and 0.8403 in intervention and in control respectively before the intervention. After the intervention, this value became 0.7985 and 0.8555 in intervention and control groups respectively and showed significant difference (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The cardiac rehabilitation program improved the ability of patients in the 6MWT and enhanced their functional capacity and reduced the mean WHR, which in turn evinces the improvement of the anthropometric index and mitigation of risk factors in CAD patients. So, healthcare providers can deploy such rehabilitation programs to empower patients, alleviate disease complications, and reduce individual and social costs of cardiovascular diseases.

Comparison of the Effect of Phenobarbital versus Sodium Valproate in Management of Children with Status Epilepticus.

OBJECTIVES: Acute prolonged seizure is the most common neurological emergency in children. This research was conducted to compare the effect of intravenous phenobarbital and Sodium valproate in control of seizure in children with status epilepticus, referred to emergency ward from Mar to Nov 2013. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial, registered with the code number IRCT2015051722300N1, 80 children aged 6 months to 10 years with prolonged seizure and with no response to one dose of diazepam (0.2 mg/kg) administered through IV injection during the five min were selected. Children were randomly divided into two groups, intervention, and control through permutation blocks. In intervention group, intravenous Sodium valproate (20 mg/kg) and in control group, intravenous phenobarbital (20 mg/kg) were prescribed. Data such as age, gender, history of previous seizure, seizure type, and recovery time after receiving drug was recorded in the form. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Independent t- test. RESULTS: Two groups were the same in terms of age and gender and had no statistically significant difference, but they were different in terms of seizure type. In valproate group, 18 patients (45%) and in phenobarbital group, 32 patients (80%) had positive response to the treatment and the chi-square test showed the significant difference. CONCLUSION: With regards to this point that in phenobarbital group, patients had more rapid response to drug in comparison with patients in Sodium valproate group, phenobarbital is a suitable and effective drug for controlling of seizure in children.

The Multidimensional Nature of Relationships: The Perceptions of Iranian Nursing Students and Educators of the Student-Educator Relationship.

BACKGROUND: The student-educator relationship in nursing is very important to the success of teaching and learning. The perceptions of students and educators of this relationship affect its success. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand this relationship. PURPOSE: The purpose of the current study was to explore Iranian nursing students' and educators' perceptions of student-educator relationship in clinical nursing education. METHODS: In this conventional content analysis study, eight Bachelor of Nursing students and 10 clinical nursing educators from nursing and midwifery school in Mashhad (Iran) participated. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. Data were gathered using semistructured interviews. To analyze data, a conventional content analysis approach was used to identify meaning units and their condensation and to make codes and create categories RESULTS: : Results showed that the multidimensional nature of the student-educator relationship in clinical nursing education consists of (a) dimensions related to the educator, (b) dimensions related to the student, and (c) dimensions of relationship quality. Each of these categories is composed of codes that showed the perception of participants about the nature of relationship. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the unique features and attributes regarding relationship perceptions in clinical nursing education identified among the participants of this study, students and educators in Iran should pay greater attention to establishing the relationship as it relates to these attributes.

The Relationship Between Quality of Life With Marital Satisfaction in Nurses in Social Security Hospital in Zahedan.

BACKGROUND: Marital satisfaction is one of the most important determinative factors of healthy function in family and can be affected by some factors. AIM: This study was conducted aimed to determine the relationship between quality of life and marital satisfaction in nurses in Social Security hospital in Zahedan. METHOD: In this descriptive and correlational study, the population was the all of the nurses in various wards in Social Security hospital in Zahedan. The sample size was 103 and data collection was done through quality of life questionnaire (War and Sherborn) and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data analysis was done through SPSS15 and using pearsons' correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. RESULTS: The aspects of physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitation due to emotional problems had a significant positive correlation and the bodily pain had a significant reverse correlation with aspects of marital satisfaction. The aspects of role limitations due to physical health problems and bodily pain were predictors of marital satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The results of study demonstrated the importance of pay attention to family issues and marital satisfaction and in this regard, the promotion of all aspects of quality of life is essential.

Nursing students' views of nursing education quality: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing education is currently facing challenges related to the application of nursing knowledge in clinical environments and inability of students in application of nursing procedures in clinical settings. Nursing students themselves represent the best means of identifying these challenges. This study was conducted aimed to understand the nursing students' viewpoints and experiences concerning the challenges and deficiencies of the nursing education system. METHODS: This qualitative study that has been carried out adopting conventional qualitative content analysis approach, 40 senior nursing students with sufficient experience of educational situations participated through purposive sampling. Eight focus group discussions were done with volunteer nursing students from School of Nursing and Midwifery in Zahedan (Iran). All of the interviews and discussions were recorded and then analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach. RESULTS: Three themes were emerged from data analysis including theoretical education, clinical skills, and the gap between theoretical education and clinical skills. CONCLUSIONS: The students' views and experiences of nursing education quality (theoretical, clinical, and the gap between theoretical education and clinical skills) demonstrated a need to pay careful attention to the selection and recruitment of clinical teachers, and the assessment and control of their educational performance and clinical skills, as well as to determination of standards and validation of education quality.

The Effect of Self-Care Education on the Awareness, Attitude, and Adherence to Self-Care Behaviors in Hospitalized Patients Due to Heart Failure with and without Depression.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases are among somatic disorders and psychological factors affect their onset, exacerbation, and treatment. This study was conducted on the hospitalized patients who had heart failure with and without depression. The study criteria was to evaluate the effect of self-care education on awareness, attitude, and adherence to self-care behaviors on these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, seventy patients with heart failure that met the inclusion criteria were recruited through purposive sampling method. They were assigned in to two equal size groups regarding their depression status. First, the eligible patients were selected; then Beck Depression Inventory was done on the patients followed by examination by the clinical psychologist. Patients with average and higher scores were classified in the depressed group and others who got lower than average scores were classified as the non -depressed group. A questionnaire containing items related to awareness, attitude, and adherence to self-care behaviors was used to collect the data. First, self-care behavior was determined and then a four-sessions of educational intervention were held individually for both groups. The second round of questionnaires were completed at patients' home twelve weeks after the discharge. The Collected data was analyzed using independent-samples and paired-sample t tests, Chi square, and statistical analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests through SPSS (version 21, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS: After the educational sessions, the statistical analysis showed significant differences in the mean scores of awareness, attitude, and adherence to self-care behaviors between the two groups (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Self-care behavior education had lower effects on the depressed patients with heart failure. Therefore, before providing education for these patients, it is necessary to consider their psychological problems such as depression.

Seeking a progressive relationship for learning: A theoretical scheme about the continuity of the student-educator relationship in clinical nursing education.

AIM: The student-educator relationship is an educational tool in nursing education and has long-lasting influence on the professional development of nursing students. Currently, this relationship in clinical settings is different from that in the past due to a paradigm shift in nursing education and its emphasis on the centrality of the relationship. METHODS: The purpose of this grounded theory study was to explore the continuity of the student-educator relationship in the Iranian context of clinical nursing education. Ten bachelor nursing students and 10 clinical educators at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data analysis was done through open, axial, and selective coding, using MAXQDA ver. 2007 qualitative data analysis software. RESULTS: The core category emerging from the data analysis was "seeking a progressive relationship for learning". Other major categories linked to and embraced within this core category were: "creating emotional connection", "trying to continue the relationship chain", and "adapting the behaviors". CONCLUSION: The findings indicated that in the Iranian sociocultural context, students and educators gain some action/interaction strategies for continuity of their relationship. It is obvious that the role of the nursing clinical educators and their relationship skills are critical in the relationship continuity of clinical settings.

The relationship between quality of work life and job satisfaction of faculty members in Zahedan University of Medical Sciences.

BACKGROUND: Quality of work life is one of the most important factors for human motivating and improving of job satisfaction. AIM: The current study was carried out aimed to determine the relationship between quality of work life and job satisfaction in faculty members of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. METHOD: In this descriptive-analytic study, 202 faculty members of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 2012 were entered the study through census. The job satisfaction questionnaire of Smith and Kendall and Walton Quality of Work Life questionnaire were used for data collection. Validity and reliability of questionnaires were confirmed in previous studies. Data analysis was done using SPSS 18. The Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression tests were used for data analysis. RESULT: The mean score of quality of work life was 121/30±37/08 and job satisfaction was 135/98 ±33/78. There was a significant and positive correlation between job satisfaction of faculty members and their quality of work life (P=0.003). In addition, two components of quality of work life "adequate and fair compensation" (ß=0.3) and "Social Integration" (ß=0.4) can predict job satisfaction of faculty members. CONCLUSION: According to correlation between job satisfaction and quality of work life in faculty members, job satisfaction can be improved through the changing and manipulating the components of quality of work life and in this way; the suitable environment for organization development should be provided.

Supportive relationship: Experiences of Iranian students and teachers concerning student-teacher relationship in clinical nursing education.

BACKGROUND: Student-teacher relationship is a salient issue in nursing education and has long-lasting implication in professional development of nursing students. Nowadays, this relationship in clinical settings is different from the past due to changing in nursing education paradigm. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of students and teachers about student-teacher relationship in the context of clinical nursing education in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this qualitative study that has been carried out adopting conventional qualitative content analysis approach, six bachelor nursing students and six clinical teachers in school of Nursing and Midwifery, were selected through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interview and participant observation were used for data collection. Interviews transcribed verbatim and analyzed using conventional content analysis through the process of data reduction and condensation, coding and also generating the categories and themes. RESULTS: Results of the study showed the existence of a type of relationship in clinical education in which supportive actions of clinical teachers were prominent. These supportive actions appeared as three major categories including educational support, emotional support and social support which emerged from data. CONCLUSION: The results of this study explicit the ways that support could be provided for students in their relationship with clinical teachers. It also determines the teachers' need to know more about the influence of their supportive relationship on students' learning and the best possible outcomes of their education in clinical settings.