UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-Based Targeted Discovery of Chetomin Analogues from Chaetomium cochliodes.

Chetocochliodin M (5) containing a rare cage-ring and chetocochliodin N (6) featuring an unusual piperazine-2,3-dione ring system together with known analogues chetomin (1), chetoseminudin C (2), chetocochliodin I (3), and oidioperazine E (4) were targeted for purification from the fungus Chaetomium cochliodes using a UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS approach. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and ECD spectra. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against A549 and HeLa cancer cell lines.

Five New Diarylbutyrolactones and Sesquilignans from Saussurea medusa and Their Inhibitory Effects on LPS-induced NO Production.

Five new diarylbutyrolactones and sesquilignans (1A/1B:  - 4: ), including one pair of enantiomers (1A/1B: ), together with 10 known analogues (5:  - 14: ), were isolated from the whole plants of Saussurea medusa. Compound 1: was found to possess an unusual 7,8'-diarylbutyrolactone lignan structure. Separation by chiral HPLC analysis led to the isolation of one pair of enantiomers, (+)-1A: and (-)-1B: . The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data. All compounds, except compounds 5, 7: and 9: , were isolated from S. medusa for the first time. Moreover, compounds 1:  -  4, 8: and 10:  - 14: had never been obtained from the genus Saussurea previously. Compounds (+)- 1A, 2, 5, 7: , and 9:  - 11: were found to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of NO by RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 10.1 ± 1.8 to 41.7 ± 2.1 µM. Molecular docking and iNOS expression experiments were performed to examine the interactions between the active compounds and the iNOS enzyme.

Combination of an optical waveguide platform and ultra-thin spectrometer that enables increased surface plasmon resonance sensor compactness.

A novel integrated surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor that combines an optical waveguide platform and an ultra-thin spectrometer is proposed. The core of the proposed method is a special-shaped optical waveguide structure that employs a wedge-shaped incident surface, which changes the position of the total reflection of the incident light on the sagittal plane without affecting the direction of propagation on the tangential plane. The parameters of the sensing module with the integrated SPR sensor and spectrometer module were designed and optimized to achieve higher performance in a compact optical waveguide platform. An experimental system was built based on the theoretical model, and the spectral sensitivity of the system was analyzed before sample detection, and the results showed that the spectral resolution in the working range could reach 9.9 nm. The refractive index sensitivity of this novel SPR sensor was 3186 nm/RIU with good stability by detecting different concentrations of sodium chloride samples. This new structure does not require an external spectrometer, thereby enabling an increase in the compactness of the SPR sensing system. The proposed method can provide a novel idea for the miniaturization of SPR sensors.

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of the guaiane sesquiterpenoids oxytropiols A-J and detection of undescribed analogues from the locoweed endophytic fungus Alternaria oxytropis (Pleosporaceae).

INTRODUCTION: In addition to the mycotoxin swainsonine, the locoweed endophytic fungus Alternaria oxytropis (Pleosporaceae) also produces a series of rarely reported, highly oxygenated bicyclic guaiane sesquiterpenoids. Few investigations on the electrospray tandem mass fragmentation pattern of this sesquiterpenoid have been reported. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to analyze and detect new guaiane sesquiterpenoid analogues from crude extracts of the locoweed endophytic fungus A. oxytropis by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oxytropiols A-J (1-10) and the extract of the locoweed endophytic fungus A. oxytropis were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS in positive mode. RESULTS: Typical neutral losses, McLafferty rearrangement, 1,2-rearrangement, and 1,3-rearrangement were considered to be the main fragmentation patterns for the [M + H]+ /[M + Na]+ ions of 1-10 by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS experiments, and possible fragmentation pathways of 1-10 were suggested. A unique and undescribed analogue named oxytropiol K (11) was found in the extract based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis. Compound 11 was isolated and elucidated by NMR spectrometry, and its UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis was consistent with the fragmentation pathways of 1-10. CONCLUSION: The results further support that UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS is a powerful and sensitive tool for the characterization of known compounds (dereplication) and the detection of new analogues from crude extracts and imply that the locoweed endophytic fungus A. oxytropis, with few chemical investigations, is an important resource for undescribed metabolites.

Three Pairs of Novel Enantiomeric 8-O-4' Type Neolignans from Saussurea medusa and Their Anti-inflammatory Effects In Vitro.

Three pairs of novel enantiomeric 8-O-4' type neolignans (1a/1b−3a/3b), together with seven known analogues (4−10), were isolated from the whole plants of Saussurea medusa. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis and electric circular dichroism (ECD) calculations after chiral separations. All compounds were obtained from S. medusa for the first time, and compounds 1−3 and 5−10 had never been obtained from the genus Saussurea previously. The anti-inflammatory activities of the compounds were evaluated by determining their inhibitory activities on the production of NO and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds (+)-1a, (−)-1b and 5−7 inhibited NO production and had IC50 values ranging from 14.3 ± 1.6 to 41.4 ± 3.1 µM. Compound 7 induced a dose-dependent reduction in the expression of iNOS in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Molecular docking experiments showed that all active compounds exhibited excellent docking scores (<−7.0 kcal/mol) with iNOS. Therefore, compounds (+)-1a, (−)-1b and 5−7 isolated from the whole plants of S. medusa may have therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases.

Two new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols derivatives from Hypericum acmosepalum.

Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) were mainly obtained from the plants of Hypericum genus of Guttiferae family, and possessed intriguing chemical structures and appealing biological activities. Two new PPAPs derivatives, hyperacmosin C (1) and hyperacmosin D (2) were isolated from H. acmosepalum. Their structures were established by NMR, HREIMS, and experimental electronic circular dichroism spectra. Besides, compound 1 showed significant hepatoprotective activity at 10 µM against paracetamol-induced HepG2 cell damage and compound 2 could moderately increase the relative glucose consumption.

Bioactive seco-Sativene Sesquiterpenoids from an Artemisia desertorum Endophytic Fungus, Cochliobolus sativus.

A series of seco-sativene sesquiterpenoids (1-11) including two new natural products (2 and 3), four new analogues (4-7), and six known analogues, helminthosporic acid (1), drechslerine A (8), drechslerine B (9), helminthosporol (10), helminthosporal acid (11), and isosativenediol (12), were purified from the endophytic fungus Cochliobolus sativus isolated from a desert plant, Artemisia desertorum. The stereochemistry of helminthosporic acid (1) was established for the first time by X-ray diffraction, and the structures including relative and absolute configurations of these new compounds were determined by NMR and CD spectra together with biosynthetic considerations. Compounds 5-7 are the first seco-sativene sesquiterpenoids possessing a glucose group on C-15, C-15, and C-14, respectively. Compounds 1, 7, 9, and 11 displayed strong phytotoxic effects on corn leaves by producing visible lesions, and helminthosporic acid (1) was shown to promote division of leaves and roots of Arabidopsis thaliana with a dose-dependent relationship.

Influence of cecotrophy on fat metabolism mediated by caecal microorganisms in New Zealand white rabbits.

Cecotrophy is a special behaviour of rabbits. Eating soft faeces can improve feed efficiency and maintain gut flora in rabbits. In our previous study, we found that fasting from soft faeces significantly reduced growth rate and total cholesterol (TC) in New Zealand white rabbits (NZW rabbits), thereby resulting in lower values for body weight and fat deposition in the soft faeces fasting group than in the control group. However, it has not been demonstrated whether cecotrophy by NZW rabbits can regulate lipid metabolism by changing the diversity of caecal microorganisms. In this study, thirty-six 28-day-old weaned NZW female rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (the soft faeces fasting group and the control group) and fed to 90 days. Rabbits in the experimental group were treated with an Elizabeth circle to prevent them from eating their soft faeces. Then, the caecal contents of three rabbits from the soft faeces fasting group and three rabbits from the control group were collected for metagenomic sequencing. We found that the abundance of Bacteroides increased, while Ruminococcus decreased, compared with the control group after fasting from soft faeces. Relative abundance was depressed for genes related to metabolic pathways such as ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, riboflavin metabolism and bile secretion. Moreover, there was a general correlation between variation in microbial diversity and fat deposition. Bacteroides affects body weight and TC by participating in the riboflavin metabolism pathway. By investigating the effect of cecotrophy on caecal microorganisms of rabbits, we identified the key microorganisms that regulate the rapid growth performance of NZW rabbits, which may provide useful reference for the future research and development of microecological preparations for NZW rabbits.

Two New Prenylated Indole Diterpenoids from Tolypocladium sp. and Their Antimicrobial Activities.

Two new prenylated indole diterpenoids, tolypocladins K and L (1 and 2), together with a known analog terpendole L (3), were isolated from the solid fermentation culture of a mine soil-derived fungus Tolypocladium sp. XL115. Their structures and relative configurations were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, as well as by comparison of their NMR data with those related known compounds. Compound 3 exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus with an MIC value of 6.25 µg/mL, and compounds 1 and 3 displayed moderate antifungal activity selectively against tested strains with MIC values of 25-50 µg/mL.

Two new monoterpenes from Sibiraea laevigata.

Two new monoterpenes, 3-(2-oxo-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)furan-5H-2-one (1) and 3-[(2E)-4-hydroxyl-4-methyl-2-pentenyl)]furan-5H-2-one (2), along with eight known compounds (3-10), were isolated from the stalks and infructescence of Sibiraea laevigata. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. In addition, all of these isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The results showed that compounds 5-7 displayed cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 34.8 to 43.2 µg ml-1 against tumor cell lines. Furthermore, 5 and 9 showed antioxidant activities.

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of ophiobolins sesterterpenoids and bioactive analogs from Bipolaris eleusines.

In order to elucidate the mass fragmentation patterns and unveil more undescribed ophiobolin analogs, the mass fragmentation patterns of ophiobolins were analyzed based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS experiments. Different kinds of rearrangements (including McLafferty rearrangement) were the main cleavage patterns. Twenty-six (9-31) analogs were then tentatively characterized based on their mass analysis, and three undescribed ophiobolins (6-8) and a known analogue (5) were isolated in target. Compound 5 possesses a rare polycyclic carbon skeleton only recently reported, and compound 6 contains an undescribed lactone ring system fused with A/B ring at C-3/C-21, whereas compounds 7 and 8 have a peroxyl group in the side chain, which is the first reported in all ophiobolins. Compounds 5 and 7 displayed significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cancer cells.

Epidemiological, Virulence, and Antibiotic Resistance Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Major Source of Threat to Livestock and Poultry in Some Regions of Xinjiang, China.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is recognized as a zoonotic pathogen with an increasing threat to livestock and poultry. However, research on K. pneumoniae of animal origin remains limited. To address the gap, a comprehensive investigation was carried out by collecting a total of 311 samples from the farms of four animal species (dairy cow, chicken, sheep, and pig) in selected areas of Xinjiang, China. Isolates were identified by khe gene amplification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Genotyping of K. pneumonia isolates was performed using wzi typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PCR was employed to identify virulence and resistance genes. An antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer method. The findings revealed an isolation of 62 K. pneumoniae strains, with an average isolation rate of 19.94%, with the highest proportion originating from cattle sources (33.33%). Over 85.00% of these isolates harbored six virulence genes (wabG, uge, fimH, markD, entB, and ureA); while more than 75.00% of isolates possessed four resistance genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, oqxA, and gyrA). All isolates exhibited complete resistance to ampicillin and demonstrated substantial resistance to sulfisoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and enrofloxacin, with an antibiotic resistance rate of more than 50%. Furthermore, 48.39% (30/62) of isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, with a significantly higher isolation rate observed in the swine farms (66.67%) compared to other farms. Genetic characterization revealed the classification of the 62 isolates into 30 distinct wzi allele types or 35 different sequence types (STs). Notably, we identified K. pneumoniae strains of dairy and swine origin belonging to the same ST42 and wzi33-KL64 types, as well as strains of dairy and chicken origin belonging to the same wzi31-KL31-K31 type. These findings emphasize the widespread occurrence of drug-resistant K. pneumoniae across diverse animal sources in Xinjiang, underscoring the high prevalence of multidrug resistance. Additionally, our results suggest the potential for animal-to-animal transmission of K. pneumoniae and there was a correlation between virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes. Moreover, the current study provides valuable data on the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and genetic diversity of K. pneumoniae originating from diverse animal sources in Xinjiang, China.

Xanthones with anti-hepatitis B virus activity from Swertia mussotii.

Two new xanthones, 8-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone (1) and 8-O-[ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-ß-D-glucopyranosyl]-1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone (2), along with eighteen known xanthones (3-20) were isolated from Swertia mussotii. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D- and 2D-NMR, HRESIMS, UV, IR, [α]D). All compounds were evaluated for their anti-hepatitis B virus activities on HepG 2.2.15 cells line in vitro, and compounds 3-10 exhibited significant activity inhibiting hepatitis B virus DNA replication with IC50 values from 0.01 mM to 0.13 mM. Compounds 3-5 showed remarkable activity with IC50 values of 0.77, > 0.98, and 0.21 mM for HBsAg, and < 0.62, 0.35, and 0.04 mM for HBeAg, respectively. Meanwhile, the effects of different substitutions on the anti-hepatitis B virus activity of xanthones from S. mussotii were discussed.

A systematic review for the impacts of global approaches to regulating electronic nicotine products.

Background: The rapid increase in electronic nicotine product (ENP) use among young people has been a global public health challenge, given the potential harm of ENPs and nicotine dependence. Many countries have recently introduced legislations to regulate ENPs, but the impacts of these policies are poorly understood. This systematic review aims to critically synthesise empirical studies on the effects of global regulations regarding ENPs on the prevalence of use, health outcomes and their determinants, using the 4A marketing mix framework (acceptability, affordability, accessibility and awareness). Methods: Following the PRISMA guideline, we searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, Business Source Complete, and APA PsycINFO databases from inception until June 14, 2022 and performed citation searches on the included studies. Reviewed literature was restricted to peer-reviewed, English-language articles. We included all pre-post and quasi-experimental studies that evaluated the impacts of e-cigarette policies on the prevalence of ENP use and other health outcomes. A modified Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies was used for quality assessment. Due to heterogeneity of the included studies, we conducted a narrative synthesis of evidence. Results: Of 3991 unduplicated records screened, 48 (1.2%) met the inclusion criteria, most were from high-income countries in North America and Europe and 26 studies measured self-reported ENPs use. Flavour restrictions significantly decreased youth ENP use and taxation reduced adult use; mixed results were found for the impacts of age restrictions. Indoor vaping restrictions and the European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) did not seem to reduce ENP use based on existing studies. Changes in determinants such as sales and perceptions corroborated our conclusions. Few studies assessed the impacts of other regulations such as advertising restrictions and retail licensing requirements. Conclusions: Flavour restrictions and taxes have the strongest evidence to support effective control of ENPs, while others need powerful enforcement and meaningful penalties to ensure their effectiveness. Future research should focus on under-examined policies and differential impacts across sociodemographic characteristics and countries. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42022337361.

An angiogenesis-related lncRNA signature predicts the immune microenvironment and prognosis of breast cancer.

Both angiogenesis and lncRNAs play crucial roles in the development and progression of breast cancer. Considering the unknown association of angiogenesis and lncRNAs in breast cancer, we aim to identify angiogenesis-related lncRNAs (ARLs) and explore their prognostic value. Here, based on analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database, the correlation between ARL and the prognosis and immune infiltration landscape of breast cancer were investigated. Eight ARLs (MAFG-DT, AC097478.1, AL357054.4, AL118556.1, SNHG10, MED14OS, OTUD6B-AS1, and CYTOR) were selected to construct the risk model as a prognostic signature. The survival rate of the patients in the high-risk group was lower than that in the low-risk group. The ARL signature was an independent prognostic predictor, and areas under the curve of 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival were 0.745, 0.695, and 0.699, respectively. The prognostic ARLs were associated with the immune infiltration landscape and could indicate the immune status, immune response, tumor mutational burden, and drug sensitivity of patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, qRT-PCR of clinical samples revealed that OTUD6B-AS1 was correlated with prognostic pathological parameters. OTUD6B-AS1 promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, wound healing, migration, invasion, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells tube formation. Mechanistically, OTUD6B-AS1 regulated EMT- and angiogenesis-related molecules. Taken together, we constructed and verified a robust signature of eight ARLs for the prediction of survival in patients with breast cancer, and the characterization of the immune infiltration landscape. Our findings suggest that OTUD6B-AS1 could be a therapeutic target for patients with breast cancer.

Megastigmane sesquiterpenoids from Saussurea medusa and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Objectives: An ethanol extract of the whole plants of Saussurea medusa had been investigated to find novel anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenoids. Methods: Extensive spectroscopic data and chemical methods were applied to elucidate the structures of the compounds. Results: One new megastigmane sesquiterpenoid (1), along with 11 known analogues (2-12), were obtained from S. medusa. All isolates, except compounds 3 and 6, were mentioned from the studied plant for the first time. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 12 were firstly isolated from the genus Saussurea. Compounds 2, 9 and 10 were found to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of NO by RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 21.1 ± 1.7 to 46.7 ± 1.9 µM. Furthermore, iNOS expression experiment was performed to examine the interactions between the active compounds and the iNOS enzyme.

Downregulated miR-367-3p, miR-548aq-5p, and miR-4710 in Human Whole Blood: Potential Biomarkers for Breast Cancer With Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis.

BACKGROUND: Increasing studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) have great diagnostic value in cancer. Axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) is closely related to the prognosis of breast cancer. However, it remains unknown whether miRNAs in whole blood could be promising biomarkers in breast cancer ALNM. METHODS: An miRNA microarray was used to screen potential differentially expressed miRNA candidates in whole blood of three breast cancer patients with ALNM and three without ALNM. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect candidate differentially expressed miRNAs in the whole blood of 109 breast cancer patients. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was carried to predict the potential targets and enriched pathway of miRNAs. RESULTS: QRT-PCR validated the fact that miR-367-3p, miR-548aq-5p and miR-4710 are downregulated in breast cancer with ALNM compared to it without ALNM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that miR-367-3p, miR-548aq-5p and miR-4710 have good diagnostic values. Notably, the three-miRNA signature showed better predictive value, with an area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.7414. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the miRNAs could participate in a complex network and thus be involved in cancer-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the potential of miR-367-3p, miR-548aq-5p and miR-4710 and the three-miRNA signature as biomarkers for breast cancer with ALNM.

Fluorination on cyclopentadithiophene-based hole-transport materials for high-performance perovskite solar cells.

A new class of fluorinated cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene (CPDT)-based small molecules, namely YC-oF, YC-mF, and YC-H, are demonstrated as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). PSCs employing YC-oF as the HTM delivered an excellent efficiency of 22.41% with encouraging long-term stability.

Bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic strains of Neocamarosporium betae collected from desert plants.

Endophytic fungi from desert plants belong to a unique microbial community that has been scarcely investigated chemically and could be a new resource for bioactive natural products. In this study, 13 secondary metabolites (1-13) with diverse carbon skeletons, including a novel polyketide (1) with a unique 5,6-dihydro-4H,7H-2,6-methanopyrano[4,3-d][1,3]dioxocin-7-one ring system and three undescribed polyketides (2, 7, and 11), were obtained from the endophytic fungus Neocamarosporium betae isolated from two desert plant species. Different approaches, including HR-ESI-MS, UV spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, NMR, and CD, were used to determine the planar and absolute configurations of the compounds. The possible biosynthetic pathways were proposed based on the structural characteristics of compounds 1-13. Compounds 1, 3, 4, and 9 exhibited strong cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells compared with the positive control. Several metabolites (2, 4-5, 7-9, and 11-13) were phytotoxic to foxtail leaves. The results support the hypothesis that endophytic fungi from special environments, such as desert areas, produce novel bioactive secondary metabolites.

[Interleukin 7 and its receptor promote cell proliferation and induce lymphangiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of interleukin 7/interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7/IL-7R) in promoting cell proliferation and inducing lymphangiogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: Immunohistochemical study for IL-7, IL-7R, cyclin D1 and vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) was carried out in NSCLC tissues from 95 patients. The relationship between IL-7/IL-7R expression and various parameters was analyzed. The mechanism of IL-7/IL-7R in promoting cell proliferation and inducing lymphangiogenesis was studied by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, reverse transcriptase-PCR, Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation and nude mice experiments with xenograft tumors. RESULTS: IL-7 (63.2%, 60/95), IL-7R (61.1%, 58/95), cyclin D1 (52.6%, 50/95) and VEGF-D (58.9%, 56/95) showed that high level of expression in NSCLC. IL-7/IL-7R over-expression correlated with cyclin D1 expression (P < 0.01, P < 0.01), VEGF-D expression (P < 0.01, P < 0.01), increased lymphovascular density (P = 0.005, P = 0.013), advanced clinical stage (P = 0.008, P = 0.005) and presence of lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01, P < 0.01). IL-7/IL-7R could promote proliferation of A549 cell, increase cyclin D1 and VEGF-D expression, and enhance c-Fos/c-Jun expression and phosphorylation, resulting in formation of heterodimer. Furthermore, IL-7/IL-7R could induce binding of c-Fos/c-Jun to cyclin D1/VEGF-D promoters and regulate their transcription. IL-7/IL-7R could also promote proliferation and lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer xenograft tumors. CONCLUSIONS: IL-7/IL-7R promotes c-Fos/c-Jun expression and activity in NSCLC. This further facilitates cyclin D1 expression and accelerates proliferation of cells and VEGF-D-induced lymphovascular formation.