Quantitative assessment of selective degradation behavior of etoxazole in different classes of organisms by compound-specific isotope analysis.

In this paper, the stereoselective degradation and quantitative identification of chiral pesticide etoxazole in organisms with different classes of organisms (soil, chlorella algal fluid and mice) were carried out by compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA). The degradation behavior and stable isotope fractionation effect of etoxazole in soil, chlorella and mice were investigated. The R-etoxazole degraded faster than S-etoxazole in different classes of organisms. The metabolites M1, M2 and M3 were detected in all three substrates. Biodegradation is the main factor for the change of stable isotope ratio of chiral pesticide etoxazole. Furthermore, the relationship between fractionation value of carbon isotope and residual concentration of etoxazole is established by Rayleigh equation, and the biodegradation rate of etoxazole could be calculated by using CSIA without measuring the concentration of etoxazole. Therefore, the use of CSIA can accurately assess the degradation behavior of pesticide pollution in the environment and provide a certain scientific evidence and technical support in the process of environmental remediation.

Flexible nanoscale thread of MnSn(OH)6 crystallite with liquid-like behavior and its application in nanocomposites.

We reported a solvent-free nanofluid based on MnSn(OH)6 crystallite with thread-like morphology through sulfuric-acid-terminated organosilanes as corona and polyether amine as canopy. The resultant is characterized by various analytical techniques and shows excellent solubility, good dispersity, improved processability and fluidity at room temperature in the absence of any solvents, which offer great potential in applications such as plasticizers with effects of toughening and reinforcement in nanocomposites. In addition, as a kind of plasticizer, it can also improve the Tg of its nanocomposites. These advantages of the flexible nanoscale thread of MnSn(OH)6 crystallite make it can be easily applied on the fabrication of high performance of nanocomposites.

Effects of Polyether Amine Canopy Structure on Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption of Magnetic Solvent-Free Nanofluids.

Three Fe3O4 magnetic solvent-free nanofluids with different amine-based coronal layer structures are synthesized and characterized by using magnetic Fe3O4 as the core, silane coupling agent as the corona, and polyether amines with different graft densities and chain lengths as the canopy. The concentration of heavy metal ions after adsorption is measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) to study the effect of Fe3O4 magnetic solvent-free nanofluids on the adsorption performance of the heavy metal ions lead (Pb(II)) and copper (Cu(II)) in water. The adsorption of Fe3O4 magnetic solvent-free nanofluid was explored by changing external condition factors such as adsorption contact time and pH. Additionally, the adsorption model is established. The magnetic solvent-free nanofluid is separated from water by applying an external magnetic field to the system, and desorption and cyclic adsorption tests are carried out. Based on the adsorption mechanism, the structure design of Fe3O4 magnetic solvent-free nanofluid was optimized to achieve optimal adsorption performance.

Enhanced ultra violet resistance of epoxy nanocomposites filled with liquid-like graphene oxide/silicon dioxide nanofluid.

The ultra violet (UV) resistance of epoxy resins has been paid more and more attention, and the development of highly efficient UV resistant materials is critical. Therefore, we showed liquid-like graphene oxide (GO)/silicon dioxide (SiO2)-based derivatives for UV resistance of epoxy resins. To be specific, SiO2 nanoparticles were deposited in situ on the surface of GO. Subsequently, a black, homogeneous and solvent-free GO/SiO2 nanofluid was prepared by grafting organosilanes (KH560) and polyetheramines (M2070) on the surface of GO/SiO2. Furthermore, the solvent-free GO/SiO2 nanofluid/epoxy resin composites were also prepared. The bending properties before and after UV irradiation of the nanocomposites at room temperature were investigated to reveal the role of the interphase. The toughening mechanism of GO/SiO2 nanofluid was elucidated by observing the fracture surface. As expected, the loss of bending strength of the resin resulting from UV illumination was efficiently reduced by the GO/SiO2 nanofluid. This may be attributed to the excellent anti-UV aging properties of GO and SiO2 nanoparticles. Moreover, the GO/SiO2 nanofluid can provide excellent bending resistance for epoxy resin both before and after illumination, owing to its great compatibility with epoxy resin by organic chains and hindrance to crack propagation by nano cores.

Flexible Asymmetric Organic-Inorganic Composite Solid-State Electrolyte Based on PI Membrane for Ambient Temperature Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries.

Solid-state lithium metal batteries have attracted more and more attention in recent years because of their high safety and energy density, with developments in the new energy industry and energy storage industry. However, solid-state electrolytes are usually symmetric and are not compatible with the cathode and anode at once. In this work, a flexible asymmetric organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolyte consisting of PI membrane, succinonitrile (SN), LiLaZrTaO(LLZTO), Poly (ethylene glycol) (PEO), and LiTFSI were prepared by solution casting successfully. This lightweight solid electrolyte is stable at a high temperature of 150°C and exhibits a wide electrochemical window of more than 6 V. Furthermore, the high ionic conductivity of the flexible solid electrolyte was 7.3 × 10-7 S/cm. The solid-state batteries assembled with this flexible asymmetric organic-inorganic composite solid electrolyte exhibit excellent performance at ambient temperature. The specific discharge capacity of coin cells using asymmetric organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes was 156.56 mAh/g, 147.25 mAh/g, and 66.55 mAh/g at 0.1, 0.2, and 1C at room temperature. After 100 cycles at 0.2C, the reversible discharging capacity was 96.01 mAh/g, and Coulombic efficiency was 98%. Considering the good performance mentioned above, our designed flexible asymmetric organic-inorganic composite solid electrolyte is appropriate for next-generation solid-state batteries with high cycling stability.