CD248-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts induce non-small cell lung cancer metastasis via Hippo pathway-mediated extracellular matrix stiffness.

Metastasis is a crucial stage in tumour progression, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) support metastasis through their participation in extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness. CD248 is a possible biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived CAFs, but its role in mediating ECM stiffness to promote NSCLC metastasis is unknown. We investigated the significance of CD248+ CAFs in activating the Hippo axis and promoting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression, which affects the stromal collagen I environment and improves ECM stiffness, thereby facilitating NSCLC metastasis. In this study, we found that higher levels of CD248 in CAFs induced the formation of collagen I, which in turn increased extracellular matrix stiffness, thereby enabling NSCLC cell infiltration and migration. Hippo axis activation by CD248+ CAFs induces CTGF expression, which facilitates the formation of the collagen I milieu in the stromal matrix. In a tumour lung metastasis model utilizing fibroblast-specific CD248 gene knockout mice, CD248 gene knockout mice showed a significantly reduced ability to develop tumour lung metastasis compared to that of WT mice. Our findings demonstrate that CD248+ CAFs activate the Hippo pathway, thereby inducing CTGF expression, which in turn facilitates the collagen I milieu of the stromal matrix, which promotes NSCLC metastasis.

IL-8 from CD248-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts generates cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.

Chemotherapy-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a substantial barrier to effective care. It is still unclear how cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to NSCLC resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we found that CD248+ CAFs released IL-8 in NSCLC, which, in turn, enhanced the cisplatin (CDDP) IC50 in A549 and NCI-H460 while decreasing the apoptotic percentage of A549 and NCI-H460 in vitro. The CD248+ CAFs-based IL-8 secretion induced NSCLC chemoresistance by stimulating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and elevating ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 (ABCB1). We also revealed that the CD248+ CAFs-based IL-8 release enhanced cisplatin chemoresistance in NSCLC mouse models in vivo. Relative to wild-type control mice, the CD248 conditional knockout mice exhibited significant reduction of IL-8 secretion, which, in turn, enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin in vivo. In summary, our study identified CD248 activates the NF-κB axis, which, consecutively induces the CAFs-based secretion of IL-8, which promotes NSCLC chemoresistance. This report highlights a potential new approach to enhancing the chemotherapeutic potential of NSCLC-treating cisplatin.

Biotemplated Platinum Nanozymes: Synthesis, Catalytic Regulation and Biomedical Applications.

Platinum (Pt) nanozymes with multiple intrinsic enzyme-mimicking activities have attracted extensive attention in biomedical fields due to their high catalytic activity, ease of modification, and convenient storage. However, the Pt nanozymes synthesized by the traditional method often suffer from uncontrollable morphology and poor stability under physicochemical conditions, resulting in unsatisfactory catalytic behavior in practical applications. To optimize the catalytic ability, biological templates have been introduced recently, which can guide the deposition of platinum ions on their surface to form specific morphologies and then stabilize the resulting Pt nanozymes. Given the promising potential of biotemplated Pt nanozymes in practical applications, it is essential to conduct a systematic and comprehensive review to summarize their recent research progress. In this review, we first categorize the biological templates and discussed the mechanisms as well as characteristics of each type of biotemplate in directing the growth of Pt nanozyme. Factors that impact the growth of biotemplated Pt nanozymes are then analyzed, followed by summarizing their biomedical application. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are outlined. This review article aims to provide theoretical guidance for developing Pt nanozymes with robust functionalities in biomedical applications.

"Danmu" preference, problematic online video watching, loneliness and personality: An eye-tracking study and survey study.

'Danmu' (i.e., comments that scroll across online videos), has become popular on several Asian online video platforms. Two studies were conducted to investigate the relationships between Danmu preference, problematic online video watching, loneliness and personality. Study 1 collected self-report data on the study variables from 316 participants. Study 2 collected eye-tracking data of Danmu fixation (duration, count, and the percentages) from 87 participants who watched videos. Results show that fixation on Danmu was significantly correlated with problematic online video watching, loneliness, and neuroticism. Self-reported Danmu preference was positively associated with extraversion, openness, problematic online video watching, and loneliness. The studies indicate the potential negative effects of Danmu preference (e.g., problematic watching and loneliness) during online video watching. The study is one of the first empirical investigations of Danmu and problematic online video watching using eye-tracking software. Online video platforms could consider adding more responsible use messaging relating to Danmu in videos. Such messages may help users to develop healthier online video watching habits.

CD248-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition of non-small cell lung cancer via inducing M2-polarized macrophages.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-originating cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) expressing CD248 regulate interaction with immune cells to accelerate cancer progression. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key feature of metastatic cells. In our pervious study, we found that CD248+CAFs activated M2-polarized macrophages, enhancing the progression of NSCLC. However, it is yet unclear how CD248+CAFs inducing M2-polarized macrophages induce EMT program in NSCLC cells. Herein, we examined CD248 expression from CAFs derived from NSCLC patient tumour tissues. Furthermore, we determined the influence of CD248 knock down CAFs on macrophages polarization. Next, we explored the influences of CD248-harboring CAFs-mediated M2 macrophage polarization to promote NSCLC cells EMT in vitro. We constructed fibroblasts specific CD248 gene knock out mice to examine the significance of CD248-harboring CAFs-induced M2-polarized macrophages to promote NSCLC cells EMT in vivo. Based on our analysis, CD248 is ubiquitously expressed within NSCLC-originating CAFs. CD248+CAFs mediated macrophages polarized to M2 type macrophages. CD248+CAFs induced M2 macrophage polarization to enhance NSCLC cells EMT both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings indicate that CD248-harboring CAFs promote NSCLC cells EMT by regulating M2-polarized macrophages.

[Research progress of interaction between CAFs and M2 macrophages to promote tumor progression].

Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the main components of tumor microenvironment (TME). In TME, the interaction between tumor cells and non-tumor cells or among non tumor cells can promote the occurrence and development of tumors. CAFs can interact with a variety of immune cells and promote the occurrence and development of tumors by inhibiting the function of adaptive immune cells and reshaping the immune microenvironment in TME. The interaction between CAFs and macrophages and the induction of macrophage polarization towards M2 type play an important role in promoting tumor occurrence and development. This article reviews the research progress of CAF in promoting the polarization of M2 macrophages.

Problematic social media use and mental health risks among first-year Chinese undergraduates: a three-wave longitudinal study.

Introduction: The association between social media use and mental health risks has been widely investigated over the past two decades with many cross-sectional studies reporting that problematic social media use (PSMU) is associated with higher mental health risk such as anxiety and depression. The present study examined the relationship between PSMU severity and mental health risks (depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness) using a three-wave longitudinal design. Methods: A total of 685 first-year Chinese undergraduate students (Mean age = 19.12 years, SD = 0.92) completed surveys at three times points with intervals of 3 to 4 months. Results revealed that PSMU was positively correlated with all the mental health risk variables over the three time points. Results: The prevalence of PSMU increased over the three research waves. Cross-lagged models identified bi-directional relationships between PSMU and mental health risks, while such links were not consistent between different mental health risk variables and can change over different research intervals. Discussion: This study indicates that PSMU and mental health risks could predict each other in a vicious loop, but the differences between specific mental health risks and the research context (e.g., different term times and experiences in university) should not be ignored. Further research attention should be paid to the prevalence of PSMU and mental health conditions among Chinese first-year undergraduates who appear to have difficulties in adapting to university life.

The Mechanism of CP fandom Behaviors among Chinese Young Adults: A Grounded Theory Study

CP fandom behaviors or shipping, a growing popular phenomenon among Chinese young adults, refers to the activities of fans who take great satisfaction from the romantic relationships and interactions of their preferred pairings of idols or virtual characters. CP fans are regarded as a special group of fans with unique identities and interaction styles. This grounded theory study was conducted to explore the mechanism of CP fandom behaviors. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with thirty-one Chinese CP fans (twenty-eight females and three males). The antecedents, development, behavioral patterns, and consequences of shipping were identified in a comprehensive model. The reasons for CP fandom behaviors include individual factors (e.g., psychological projection, compensation, and social needs) and external factors (e.g., pop culture and internet environment). The consequences include positive emotional experiences, changed love values, and improved social interaction. CP fandom behaviors can be different in terms of the fans' degrees of engagement, and the development of shipping can be divided into three stages: exploratory stage, formation and stability stage, and rupture stage. This study contributes to the literature of CP fandom behaviors among young adults in China and proposes the directions of future studies on such topics.

CXCL12 derived from CD248-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts mediates M2-polarized macrophages to promote nonsmall cell lung cancer progression.

Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is among the most prevalent malignant tumours threatening human health. In the tumour microenvironment (TME), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) induce M2-polarized macrophages, which strongly regulate tumour progression. However, little is known about the association between CAFs and M2 macrophages. CD248 is a transmembrane glycoprotein found in several cancer cells, tumour stromal cells, and pericytes. Here, we isolated CAFs from tumour tissues of NSCLC patients to detect the relationship between CD248 expression and patient prognosis. We knocked down the expression of CD248 on CAFs to detect CXCL12 secretion and macrophage polarization. We then examined the effects of CD248-expressing CAF-induced M2 macrophage polarization to promote NSCLC progression in vitro and in vivo. We found that CD248 is expressed mainly in NSCLC-derived CAFs and that the expression of CD248 correlates with poor patient prognosis. Blocking CXCL12 receptor (CXCR4) drastically decreased M2 macrophage chemotaxis. CD248 promotes CAFs secreting CXCL12 to mediate M2-polarized macrophages to promote NSCLC progression both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our data suggest that CD248-positive CAFs induce NSCLC progression by mediating M2-polarized macrophages.

Does Procrastination Always Predict Lower Life Satisfaction? A Study on the Moderation Effect of Self-Regulation in China and the United Kingdom.

Aims: Studies have shown the predictive effects of procrastination and self-regulation on wellbeing. However, little is known about the interactive effect between procrastination and self-regulation. This study explores whether self-regulation moderates the link between procrastination and wellbeing among British and Chinese young adults. Methods: This study adopted self-reported questionnaire survey among two hundred and sixty-five British and four hundred and seventy-five Chinese participants. SPSS and AMOS were used to test the moderation effect. Multi-group path analysis was used to compare the two countries. Results: Data analysis shows that self-regulation was a significant moderator of the relationship between procrastination and life satisfaction in the Chinese sample but not in the British sample. Procrastination predicted low life satisfaction only among the Chinese students with low self-regulation. Discussion: This study indicates that the effects of procrastination on wellbeing could be changed at different levels of self-regulation. Cultural difference can be an important factor when investigating procrastination and its impacts.

Can Watching Online Videos Be Addictive? A Qualitative Exploration of Online Video Watching among Chinese Young Adults.

Watching online videos (including short-form videos) has become the most popular leisure activity in China. However, a few studies have reported the potential negative effects of online video watching behaviors (including the potential for 'addiction') among a minority of individuals. The present study investigated online video watching behaviors, motivational factors for watching online videos, and potentially addictive indicators of watching online videos. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 20 young Chinese adults. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Eight themes were identified comprising: (i) content is key; (ii) types of online video watching; (iii) platform function hooks; (iv) personal interests; (v) watching becoming habitual; (vi) social interaction needs; (vii) reassurance needs; and (viii) addiction-like symptoms. Specific video content (e.g., mukbang, pornography), platform-driven continuous watching, and short-form videos were perceived by some participants as being potentially addictive. Specific features or content on Chinese online video platforms (e.g., 'Danmu' scrolling comments) need further investigation. Future studies should explore users' addictive-like behaviors in relation to specific types of online video content and their social interaction on these platforms.