Synthesis and evaluation of photo-activatable ß-diarylsydnone-l-alanines for fluorogenic photo-click cyclization of peptides.

Herein, we design and synthesize a series of photoactivatable ß-diarylsydnone-l-alanines (DASAs), which have excellent photo-reactivity with high fluorescence turn-on toward alkenes in a biocompatible environment. The environmental sensing properties of the resulting fluorescent pyrazoline-alanine facilitate its probing capability. By introducing the DASA residue on the side chain of linear peptides, the macrocyclic peptides resulting from the in situ photo-cyclization toward the alkene residue exhibited fluorogenic translocation through live cell membranes.

Discovery of Fluorogenic Diarylsydnone-Alkene Photoligation: Conversion of ortho-Dual-Twisted Diarylsydnones into Planar Pyrazolines.

A small library of diarylsydnones (DASyds) was constructed based on aryl-pairing combinations and subjected to click reaction toward alkenes under photoirradiation with high efficiency. We were able to demonstrate the utility of DASyds for highly fluorescent turn-on ligation targeting the trans-cyclooct-4-en-1-ol moieties on protein.

A Longitudinal Analysis of Social Skills and Adolescent Depression: A Multivariate Latent Growth Approach.

Ample research has shown that the link between social skills and adolescent depression is significant. However, how the changes in different domains of social skills influence the change in depression from early to middle adolescence remains largely unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, the current research used longitudinal data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1061) to examine the influences of the changes in cooperation, assertion, responsibility, and self-control on the change in depression from early to middle adolescence. Univariate latent growth modeling showed that, from early to middle adolescence, adolescents experience decreases in cooperation and assertion, increases in responsibility and depression, and stability in self-control. Multivariate latent growth modeling suggested that adolescents who had more increases in responsibility and self-control tended to experience a slower increase in depression from early to middle adolescence; while adolescents who had more decreases in cooperation and assertion tended to experience a faster increase in depression from early to middle adolescence. The results suggested that promoting adolescents social skills might be particularly salient for the prevention of adolescent depression.

Investigaciones han demostrado que hay un vínculo significativo entre las habilidades sociales y la depresión en adolescentes. Sin embargo no se tiene mucha claridad sobre cómo los diferentes dominios de las habilidades sociales influyen en la depresión durante la adolescencia media y temprana. Para abordar este tema se tomaron datos del Estudio de Cuidado Infantil y Desarrollo Juvenil del Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1061) donde se evaluó la influencia de la cooperación, aprobación, responsabilidad y autocontrol sobre la depresión en esta población. El modelo de crecimiento latente univariado mostró que, desde la adolescencia temprana a la media, los adolescentes experimentan disminución en la cooperación y la aprobación, aumento en la responsabilidad y la depresión, y estabilidad en el autocontrol. El modelo sugirió que los adolescentes que tenían más aumento en la responsabilidad y en el autocontrol, tendían a experimentar un incremento más lento de la depression, desde la adolescencia temprana hasta la media; mientras que los que tenían disminución en la cooperación y en la aprobación tendían a experimentar un aumento más rápido de la depresión en esta misma etapa de la asdolescencia. Los resultados sugirieron que la promoción de las habilidades sociales de los adolescentes podría ser particularmente importante para la prevención de la depresión adolescente.

Photo-accelerated "click" reaction between diarylsydnones and ring-strained alkynes for bioorthogonal ligation.

We constructed a library of diarylsydnone (DASyd) candidates in search of a photoclickable reaction toward alkynes, enabling an ultra-accelerated reactivity, while suppressing the background cycloaddition in the dark. The in vitro and in vivo protein labelling experiments revealed that the photo-accelerated DASyd-alkyne cycloaddition exhibits robust selectivity.