Short version of the smartphone addiction scale: Measurement invariance across gender.

The Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) has been widely used in research, but little is known about the measurement invariance across gender. The current study measured SAS-SV invariance between male and female college students in a sample of 1112 participants. Single- and multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) of smartphone addiction symptom ratings were conducted using R program with RStudio. SAS-SV was psychometrically robust in measuring the severity of smartphone addiction among college students, as well as the gender-based invariance. The differences in SAS-SV between male and female participants were likely to represent true gender differences, and meaningful comparisons could be made.

Exploring the relationship between social exclusion and social media addiction: The mediating roles of anger and impulsivity.

Previous studies have examined the relationships between some antecedents and social media addiction. However, an important factor - social exclusion - has not received enough attention in the literature, the underlying psychological mechanisms that link social exclusion to social media addiction are still unclear. The current study investigated the relation between social exclusion and social media addiction as well as the mediating effects of anger and impulsivity on this relationship. An online survey was conducted, the sample included 573 university students (323 females). The results suggested that: (1) social exclusion was positively correlated with social media addiction; (2) anger and impulsivity separately mediated the relation between social exclusion and social media addiction; and (3) anger and impulsivity sequentially mediated the association between social exclusion and social media addiction. The results of the present study were conducive to understanding the associations and the psychological mechanisms between the study variables.

Exploring the relationship between social exclusion and smartphone addiction: The mediating roles of loneliness and self-control.

Previous studies have identified many antecedents of smartphone addiction. However, social exclusion as a risk factor for smartphone addiction has not been widely studied, and little is known concerning the psychological mechanism underlying this association. The present study tested the influence of social exclusion on smartphone addiction as well as the mediating roles of loneliness and self-control in this relationship. An online survey was conducted, and the sample consisted of 573 university students (323 females). The results revealed that (1) social exclusion was a positive predictor of smartphone addiction; (2) loneliness and self-control separately mediated the association between social exclusion and smartphone addiction; and (3) loneliness and self-control sequentially mediated the relation between social exclusion and smartphone addiction. Possible explanations were discussed. The findings of the current study would contribute to understanding the relationships between these study variables as well as the psychological mechanisms underlying these associations.