Changes of circulating thyroxine, triiodothyronine and reverse triiodothyronine after radiographic contrast agents.

Thyroid function was studied for 42 days in 58 patients, 28 of whome had euthyroid goiter, after urography (diatrizoic acid), cholangiography (ioglycamic acid), and cholecystography (Naiopanoate). After urography and cholangiography short-lived increases of the serum thyroxine occurred in a few patients, but the mean thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentration did not change. By contrast, 7 days after oral cholecystography serum thyroxine had risen consistently by 22% with a concomittant rise of the free thyroxine, while triiodothyronine declined by 15%. The thyroxine metabolite 3,3',5'-triiodo-1-thyronine (reverse T3) rose by 50% and serum thyrotropin concentration doubled. After 42 days thryoxine and triiodothyronine had returned to baseline, and none of the 58 patients developed clinical hyperthyroidism. In patients with severe myxoedema kept on a constant replacement dose with 1-thyroxine NA-iopanoate produced similar changes with the exception of the rise of the serum thyroxine. The primary event after Na-iopanoate seems to be a fall of the serum triiodothyronine, which in turn augments thyrotropin and indirectly thyroxine secretion. the marked and sometimes sustained rose of serum thyroxine after cholecystography may lead to the erroneous diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

Elevation deficit caused by accessory extraocular muscle.

PURPOSE: To report an elevation deficit, which was caused by an accessory extraocular muscle, in a 6-year-old boy. METHODS: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were used to confirm an accessory, fusiform, well-defined, solid structure in the retrobulbar space. RESULTS: A supernumerary intraconal muscle was detected between the annulus of Zinn and the posterior part of the left globe. CONCLUSION: This rare anomaly may represent an atavistic retractor bulbi muscle.

[The cervical compartments in the computed tomogram]. / Die zervikalen Kompartimente im Computertomogramm.

The computed tomographic anatomy of the cervical compartments, with emphasis on the fascial planes of the neck, is described. Typical disease processes within these fascial confined compartments have been documented.

[Computed tomography of laryngoceles]. / Zur Computertomographie der Laryngozele.

The computer tomographic appearances of internal, external and mixed laryngoceles are described on the basis of ten patients and the differential diagnosis is considered.

[Computed tomography in cervical lymphadenopathies]. / Computertomographie bei zervikalen Lymphadenopathien.

The computer tomographic appearances of cervical lymphadenopathies were studied in 130 patients with special reference to differential diagnosis. The volume and contour of the lymph nodes, their radiosensitivity and contrast enhancement were judged for differential diagnostic purposes.

[Computer tomography of lateral cervical cysts]. / Zur Computertomographie der lateralen Halszyste.

The various CT appearances of lateral cervical cysts and the resulting differential diagnosis are discussed.

[Computer tomographic functional diagnosis of the larynx]. / Computertomographische Funktionsdiagnostik des Larynx.

The computer tomographic morphology of the larynx was studied in 19 patients during various phases of respiration, such as during quiet breathing and in expiratory phonation. The diagnostic information which can be obtained by computer tomographic functional studies of laryngeal neoplasms is discussed.

[Computed tomography of pancreatic cystic fibrosis]. / Zur Computertomographie der zystischen Pankreasfibrose.

The computer tomographic appearances of atrophic and lipomatous degeneration of the pancreas in cystic pancreatic fibrosis are described. CT exploration of the pancreas is recommended, particularly in differential diagnostic aspects of cystic fibrosis.

[Computed tomographic diagnosis of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta]. / Zur computertomographischen Diagnostik des Aneurysma dissecans aortae.

Twenty-four patients with dissecting aortic aneurysms have been examined by CT and possible causes of mistaken diagnosis are discussed. Failure to diagnose a dissection by CT may be due to atypical localisation and thrombosis of the aortic dissection; dissections of small volume, particularly in the ascending aorta; failure to demonstrate an intimal flap and inadequate contrast enhancement. A false positive diagnosis may be due to fibrotic, inflammatory or neoplastic periaortic changes, aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva, or artifacts.

[Computed tomography in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms]. / Computertomographie bei rupturiertem Bauchaortenaneurysma.

The computer tomographic appearances of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms are described, with particular reference to localisation and haematoma formation. Emergency CT is recommended as the method of choice for investigating ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms because of the wealth of information and high diagnostic precision.

[The radiological diagnosis of choledochal cysts (author's transl)]. / Zur Röntgendiagnostik der Choledochuszyste.

The radiological features of congenital choledochal cysts are discussed with reference to three cases seen by the authors. The diagnostic problems are mentioned, and use of scintigraphy and ultrasound tomography at an early stage is recommended in order to define more clearly the indications for invasive radiological methods.

[The radiological diagnosis of indirect rupture of the diaphragm (author's transl)]. / Zur radiologischen Diagnose indirekter Zwerchfellrupturen.

The radiological morphology of indirect rupture of the diaphragm is described; this may be followed by transdiaphragmatic prolapse of viscera, possibly complicated by strangulation or incarceration. The differential diagnosis is discussed with reference to fifteen cases seen by the author(s).

[The accuracy of lymphography in patients with malignant testicular tumours (author's transl)]. / Die diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit der Lymphographie bei Patienten mit malignen Hodentumoren

In 33 patients with malignant teratoid testicular tumours, the retro-peritoneal lymph nodes were surgically removed after lymphograms had been carried out. Histological examination of the lymph nodes showed retroperitoneal metastases in 42% (14 out of 33). In 25 of the 33 patients, there was agreement between lymphography and histology; diagnostic accuracy of lymphography was about 76%. In the presence of positive findings, accuracy was 87%.5%, for negative findings it was 72%. The more frequent false negative findings are due to anatomically determined failure of contrast filling of aortic lymph nodes; the less common false positive findings are produced by involution of lymph nodes.

[The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign polyps of the ureter (author's transl)]. / Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose benigner Ureterpolypen.

The radiological appearances of fibro-epithelial polyps of the ureter are demonstrated by four cases and the differential diagnosis is discussed. These mesenchymal tumors are characterised by their variable position and change in shape during the course of a retrograde pyelogram; they appear as smooth intraluminal filling defects with a narrow base and occasionally a racemose pattern. In general, they do not cause ureteric obstruction--and are more common on the left and in the proximal ureter.

[Neurological complications of abdominal angiography (author's transl)]. / Neurologische Komplikationen der abdominellen Angiographie

Two cases of a cord trans-section syndrome resulting from contrast damage to the spinal medulla were observed amongst 4,000 abdominal angiograms (0.05%). The anatomical basis, causes and means for avoiding this serious complication of abdominal catheter angiography, are discussed.

[The computer tomographic appearances of carcinoma of the pancreas (author's transl)]. / Die computertomographische Morphologie des Pankreaskarzinoms.

The computer tomographic appearances of carcinoma of the pancreas as seen in 75 patients are described. This radiological method provides conclusive diagnostic information; differential diagnostic aspects in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinomas are discussed.

The diagnostic accuracy of lymphography in Hodgkin's disease (author's transl). / Die diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit der lymphographie beim Morbus Hodgkin

Between 1972 and 1975, exploratory laparotomies were carried out on 52 otherwise untreated patients with histologically verified Hodgkin's disease in stages I, II and III following lymphography. 84% of patients with negative lymphograms had histologically normal lymph nodes. 16% of negative lymphograms were shown to have to have histologically positive lymph nodes. Two out of eight patients diagnosed as positive on lymphography (25%) proved to be false positives caused by extensive lymph node involution. The diagnostic accuracy lymphography was therefore 83%. Surgical exploration was of value only in histologically positive cases. Post-operative control by means of lymphanigiography is essential for the evaluation of the course of Hodgkin's disease.

[Computed tomographic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of malignant paranasal sinus tumors]. / Zur computertomographischen Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose maligner Nasennebenhöhlentumoren.

The CT appearances of malignant tumours of the paranasal sinuses are illustrated on the basis of 15 patients, and the differential diagnosis discussed. Malignant soft tissue tumours in the paranasal sinuses are characterised on CT by their non-homogeneous structure; they may destroy the bony margins of the sinus and infiltrate neighbouring regions in certain preferred directions, and they may enhance following the administration of contrast. Precise definition of the malignant tumour by CT permits their exact staging, may help to determine therapy and is valuable for serial observation. It remains to be seen, however, whether the improved radiological diagnosis results in improved prognosis of malignant tumours of the paranasal sinuses.

[Computer tomography in biliary carcinoma (author's transl)]. / Computertomographie bei biliären Karzinomen.

The computer tomographic appearances of cholangio-, cholecysto- and papillary carcinomas in 22 patients are described and the differential diagnosis is discussed.

[A method for percutaneous thin-needle biopsy of the pancreas aimed by ultrasound (author's transl)]. / Die ultraschallgezielte perkutane Feinnadel-aspirationspunktion beim Pankreaskarzinom.

Percutaneous biopsy of the pancreas with a fine needle aimed by ultrasound was carried out on 26 patients with sonographically proven carcinoma of the pancreas. The accuracy of this method was correlated with other radiological techniques. Needle biopsy of the pancreas proved an informative and economical procedure, since the sonographic demonstration of a pancreatic mass otherwise requires additional radiological and endoscopic investigations.