[Research on Assessment Methods of Spectrum Data Quality of Core Scan].

Core scan is the instrument used for core spectrum and pictures detection that has been developed in recent years. Cores' data can be digitized with this equipment, then automatic core catalog can be achieved, which provides basis for geological research, mineral deposit study and peripheral deposit prospecting. Meanwhile, an online database of cores can be established by the means of core digitalization to solve the cost problem caused by core preservation and share resources. Quality of core data measurement directly affects the mineral identification, reliability of parameter inversion results. Therefore it's very important to quasi-manage the assessment of data quality with the instrument before cores' spectrum testing services. Combined with the independent R&D of CSD350A type core scan, and on the basis of spectroscopy basic theory, spectrum analysis methods, core spectrum analysis requirements, key issues such as data quality assessment methods, evaluation criteria and target parameters has been discussed in depth, and comprehensive assessment of independent R&D of core scan has been conducted, which indicates the reliability and validity of spectrum measurements of the instrument. Experimental tests show that the methods including test parameters and items can perfectly response the measurements of reflectance spectrum, wavelength accuracy, repeatability and signal to noise ratio with the instrument. Thus the quality of core scan data can be evaluated correctly, and the foundation of data quality for commercial services can be provided. In the case of the current lack of relevant assessment criteria, the method this study proposes for the assessment has great value in the work of core spectrum measurements.

The Efficacy and Safety of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Meningiomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of carbon ion radiotherapy (CI-RT) in improving meningioma by comparing photon and protons radiotherapy. METHODS: A comprehensive search for relevant studies published until March 17, 2021, was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and EMBASE. Statistical analyses were performed with R 4.0.3. RESULTS: We identified 396 studies, of which 18 studies involving 985 participants were included. Except for one low quality study, the quality of the included studies was found to be either moderate or high quality. The analyses conducted according random effects model indicated that the 1-year overall survival rate (OS) of benign and non-benign meningiomas after the CI-RT treatment was 99% (95%CL=.91-1.00, I 2 = 0%). The overall average 5-year OS for meningiomas was 72% (95%CL=0.52-0.86, I 2 = 35%), not as effective as proton radiotherapy (PR-RT) 85% (95%CL=.72-.93, I 2 = 73, Q=4.17, df=2, p=.12). Additionally, 5-year OS of atypical meningiomas (81%) was found to be significantly higher than anaplastic meningiomas (52%). The 10-year OS after CI-RT of patients with mixed grade meningioma was 91% (95%CL=.75-.97, I 2 = 73%). The 15-year OS after CI-RT 87% (95%CL=.11-1.00) or PR-RT 87% (95%CL=.23-.99, I 2 = 79%) were the same (Q=0, df=1, p=.99). After undergoing CI-RT for 3 and 5 years, the LC for benign meningioma was 100% and 88%, respectively, while the 2-year LC of non-benign meningiomas (atypical/anaplastic) was 33%. Headache, sensory impairment, cognitive impairment, and hearing impairment were found to be the most common adverse reactions, with individual incidences of 19.4%, 23.7%, 9.1%, and 9.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: CI-RT is a rapidly developing technique that has been proven to be an effective treatment against meningioma. The efficacy and safety of CI-RT for meningiomas were similar to those of PR-RT, better than photon radiotherapy (PH-RT). However, there is a need for more prospective trials in the future that can help provide more supportive evidence.

A network meta-analysis on the efficacy of targeted agents in combination with chemotherapy for treatment of advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Our network meta-analysis aimed to determine the assistant efficacy of targeted therapy in combined with chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). RESULTS: A total of 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving 2,410 patients, met our inclusion criteria. Eight targeted agents involving 11 treatment arms were included. The methodological quality of included RCTs was acceptable. The results of direct comparisons showed that progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer with bevacizumab+chemotherapy when compared to chemotherapy alone (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.62, 95% credible intervals [CrI]: 0.41-0.87). However, there were no statistically significant differences for all other direct comparison groups. The results of indirect comparison of different targeted agents revealed no significant differences regarding all outcomes of interest. According to ranking probabilities, all outcomes favored bevacizumab+chemotherapy and veliparib+chemotherapy. Bayesian and Frequentist network meta-analysis showed similar results, and the probability of bias of small-study effects was small. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science (via ISI Web of Knowledge), BIOSIS Previews (via ISI Web of Knowledge), and Chemical Abstracts (CA) was conducted to identify RCTs involving targeted agents in the treatment of advanced/metastatic TNBC. Two reviewers independently extracted related data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted using R-3.3.2 software. CONCLUSIONS: Limited evidence showed that targeted agents combined with chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic TNBC were slightly effective. Further investigation of targeted therapies for TNBC is required to improve patient outcomes. The registration number was CRD42014014299.

Apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells induced by mitomycin combined with sulindac.

AIM: To investigate the effects of mitomycin (MMC) combined with sulindac on cell viability, apoptotic induction and expression of apoptosis-related gene Bcl-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. METHODS: Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were divided into three treatment groups,namely sulindac treatment group, MMC treatment group and combined sulindac with MMC treatment group. After being treated with drugs, cell viability was examined by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the cell cycle distribution and apoptotic rates. Morphology of the cells was observed under light microscope and interactive laser microscope. Expression of COX-2 and Bcl-2 was determined by immunocytochemical method. RESULTS: After exposure for 12 h to three kinds of drugs, gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells presented some morphological features of apoptosis, including cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation and formation of apoptotic bodies. Growth inhibition was more obvious in combined sulindac with MMC treatment group and sulindac treatment group than in MMC treatment group. The apoptotic rates in co-treated cells and MMC-treated cells 24 h after treatment were 12.0% and 7.2%, respectively. After exposure for 24 h to MMC, the expression of COX-2 and Bcl-2 protein was up-regulated, COX-2 levels were down-regulated but Bcl-2 gene expression was not changed significantly in combined treatment group. CONCLUSION: MMC-induced apoptosis is reduced by up-regulating the expression of COX-2 and Bcl-2 genes. MMC combined with sulindac can suppress the growth of gastric cancer cells through induction of apoptosis mediated by down-regulation of apoptosis-related Bcl-2 and COX-2 gene.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) as a prognostic indicator in patients with gastric tumors: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Though researched for years, the prognostic role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in gastric cancer is still controversial. We thus undertook a systematic review to assess the relationship. METHOD: A systematically literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, China Biological Medicine Disc and Cochrane Library was undertaken in February 2013, and the reference lists of articles were retrieved. RESULTS: 12 trials (1,555 participants) were included to assess the association between HIF-1α expression and survival. Summary hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated. HIF-1α expression was significantly correlated with poor overall survival of gastric cancer patients (HR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.13-1.58; P=0.0009), but not with poor disease free survival of gastric cancer patients (HR=1.67, 95%CI: 0.99-2.82; P=0.06). CONCLUSION: HIF-1α was associated with poor OS, but not DFS, especially for Asian patients. But studies evaluating relationships of HIF- 1α with OS and DFS in non-Asian gastric cancer patients appear needed.

Non-conventional radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-conventional radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and to conduct a meta-analysis to compare these two methods of radiotherapy for inoperable NSCLC. METHODS: We included randomized controlled trials, which were compared with non-conventional radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy. RESULTS: Meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials with a total of 2206 patients showed that the non-conventional radiotherapy group could significantly improve the objective response rate (OR 1.68, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.19-2.37) and overall survival of up to 1-year (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.09-1.54), 2-year (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.17-1.70), 3-year (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.94), 4-year (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.20-2.15), 5-year (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.11-2.38); and local control rate in 1-year (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09-1.68), 2-year (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.23-1.99), 3-year (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.91) compared with the conventional radiotherapy group. With regard to the side effects, non-conventional radiotherapy was more likely to result in level III and IV radioactive esophagitis (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.09-2.46), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of radioactive pneumonitis (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.67-1.39). In the subgroup analysis we found late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCHRT) could obviously improve 1-year OS (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.29-4.06), 2-year OS (OR 4.22, 95% CI 2.03-8.77), 3-year OS (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.24-5.02) and Objective response rate (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.17-4.83). However, hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HRT) and accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (AHRT) could not improve 1-, 2-, 3-year OS or OR compared with conventional fractionation radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that NCRT could improve OR, reduce the risk of death by 1-5 years, and significantly increase level III and IV radioactive esophagitis incidence. The late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCAHRT) group seemed to improve compared with the AHRT and conventional radiotherapy (CRT) groups.