Rutin Inhibits Neuroinflammation and Provides Neuroprotection in an Experimental Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Possibly Through Suppressing the RAGE-NF-κB Inflammatory Signaling Pathway.

As is known to all, neuroinflammation plays a vital role in early brain injury pathogenesis following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It has been shown that rutin have a property of inhibiting inflammation in many kinds of animal models. However, the effect of rutin on neuroinflammation after SAH remains uninvestigated. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of rutin on neuroinflammation and the underlying mechanism in an experimental rat model of SAH performed by endovascular perforation. Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, including sham group, SAH + vehicle group and SAH + rutin group (50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered at 30 min after SAH. After sacrificed at 24 h after SAH, all rats were examined by following tests, including neurologic scores, blood-brain barrier permeability, brain water content and neuronal cell death in cerebral cortex. The level of inflammation in brain was estimated by means of multiple molecules, including RAGE, NF-κB, and inflammation cytokines. Our results indicated that rutin could significantly downregulate the increased level of REGE, NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines in protein level. In addition, rutin could also ameliorate a series of secondary brain injuries such as brain edema, destruction of blood-brain barrier, neurological deficits and neuronal death. This study indicated that rutin administration had a neuroprotective effect in an experimental rat model of SAH, possibly through inhibiting RAGE-NF-κB mediated inflammation signaling pathway.

A Nomogram Model for Predicting the Polyphenol Content of Pu-Erh Tea.

To investigate different contents of pu-erh tea polyphenol affected by abiotic stress, this research determined the contents of tea polyphenol in teas produced by Yuecheng, a Xishuangbanna-based tea producer in Yunnan Province. The study drew a preliminary conclusion that eight factors, namely, altitude, nickel, available cadmium, organic matter, N, P, K, and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, had a considerable influence on tea polyphenol content with a combined analysis of specific altitudes and soil composition. The nomogram model constructed with three variables, altitude, organic matter, and P, screened by LASSO regression showed that the AUC of the training group and the validation group were respectively 0.839 and 0.750, and calibration curves were consistent. A visualized prediction system for the content of pu-erh tea polyphenol based on the nomogram model was developed and its accuracy rate, supported by measured data, reached 80.95%. This research explored the change of tea polyphenol content under abiotic stress, laying a solid foundation for further predictions for and studies on the quality of pu-erh tea and providing some theoretical scientific basis.

Study of PD-1 Customization and Autoimmune T Cells for Advanced Colorectal Cancer with High MSI Expression.

Objective: To evaluate the significance of PD-1 customization and autoimmune T-cell therapy for advanced colorectal cancer with high MSI expression. Methods: One hundred and eight patients with advanced colorectal cancer with high MSI expression admitted to our hospital between August 2019 and January 2022 were divided into control and study groups, and PD-1 customization and autoimmune T-cell therapy were administered to the two groups, respectively. Trends in immune indexes, PD-1 exposure, and survival rates were studied in both groups. Results: The treatment efficiency of the study group was 90.74%, which was higher than that of the control group (61.11%) (P < 0. 05); after treatment, the presence of CDl07a, perforin, and GranB cells was significantly higher in both groups compared with that before treatment, but the expression of PD-1 was more pronounced in the study group (P < 0. 05); that is, the expression of PD-1 in peripheral T lymphocytes in the study group compared with that of the control group was higher in patients with grade III-IV, and peripheral T lymphocytes were also higher in patients with grade III-IV compared with patients with grade I-II (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: PD-1 customization combined with autoimmune T-cell therapy is a novel therapeutic modality that can substantially improve.

Smilax glabra Roxb targets Akt(p-Thr308) and inhibits Akt-mediated signaling pathways in SGC7901 cells.

BACKGROUND: Smilax glabra Roxb (SGR) as a novel anti-tumor agent has been paid attention in several types of cancer cells. However, the effect of SGR on SGC7901 cells has not been investigated. PURPOSE: We investigate the effect and potential mechanisms of SGR on SGC7901 cells in this study. METHODS: Three kinds of gastric cancer cell lines (BGC823, SGC7901 and MKN45) and one kind of human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293) were exposed to varying concentrations of SRG. Then, we observed the effect of SRG on these cell lines and the changes on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. Finally, we detected the signaling pathway in which SGR may involve. RESULTS: SGR effectively suppressed the proliferation of SGC7901 cell lines by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt (Thr308). Moreover, we found SGR could significantly induce SGC7901 cell lines apoptosis by inhibiting Akt(p-Thr308)/Bad pathway and inhibit its migration and invasion partly by inhibiting Akt(p-Thr308)/MMPs pathway. DISCUSSION: SGR could effectively suppress the proliferation and invasion of SGC7901 cell lines by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt (Thr308) and its downstream relative pathways. CONCLUSION: SGR could effectively suppress the phosphorylation of Akt (Thr308) and then inhibit the proliferation and invasion of SGC7901 cell and enhance its apoptosis through Akt-mediated signaling pathways.