RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To construct the deep learning convolution neural network (CNN) model and machine learning support vector machine (SVM) model of bone remodeling of chronic maxillary sinusitis (CMS) based on CT image data to improve the accuracy of image diagnosis. METHODS: Maxillary sinus CT data of 1000 samples in 500 patients from January 2018 to December 2021 in our hospital was collected. The first part is the establishment and testing of chronic maxillary sinusitis detection model by 461 images. The second part is the establishment and testing of the detection model of chronic maxillary sinusitis with bone remodeling by 802 images. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) value of the test set were recorded, respectively. RESULTS: Preliminary application results of CT based AI in the diagnosis of chronic maxillary sinusitis and bone remodeling. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the test set of 93 samples of CMS, were 0.9796, 0.8636 and 0.9247, respectively. Simultaneously, the value of AUC was 0.94. And the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the test set of 161 samples of CMS with bone remodeling were 0.7353, 0.9685 and 0.9193, respectively. Simultaneously, the value of AUC was 0.89. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to use artificial intelligence research methods such as deep learning and machine learning to automatically identify CMS and bone remodeling in MSCT images of paranasal sinuses, which is helpful to standardize imaging diagnosis and meet the needs of clinical application.
Assuntos
Remodelação Óssea , Aprendizado Profundo , Sinusite Maxilar , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Máquina de Vetores de Suporte , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Sinusite Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Redes Neurais de Computação , Idoso , Inteligência ArtificialRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of endovascular denervation (EDN) on abdominal cancer pain relief. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 2017 to February 2018, 7 cancer patients (2 males and 5 females) were enrolled in this study. The diagnoses of the patients included 3 pancreatic cancer, 2 cervical carcinoma, 1 cholangiocarcinoma, and 1 esophageal cancer with retroperitoneum lymph nodes invasion. Denervation was carried out at the abdominal aorta close to the origin of celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery with the use of a multielectrode radiofrequency ablation catheter with settings of time 120 seconds and temperature 60°C. The primary end point was improvement in pain scores. The secondary end points included change in quality of life, intake of narcotics, and the safety of EDN. RESULTS: All of the patients experienced pain relief. The pain scores as measured by means of visual analog scores at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the procedure were significantly lower than before the operation (P < .001). A > 4 score reduction was observed in all cases. A significant reduction in narcotics use within 3 months after the operation was also seen. The quality of life scores of the patients improved significantly (P < .005) with better sleep. No severe treatment-related adverse events or major complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: EDN is a safe and effective means to alleviate pain caused by cancer and may serve as a new approach for cancer pain relief and palliative care.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Abdominais/terapia , Dor Abdominal/prevenção & controle , Denervação Autônoma/métodos , Ablação por Cateter , Plexo Celíaco/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Neoplasias Abdominais/complicações , Neoplasias Abdominais/diagnóstico , Dor Abdominal/diagnóstico , Dor Abdominal/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Angiografia Digital , Aortografia/métodos , Denervação Autônoma/efeitos adversos , Ablação por Cateter/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Entorpecentes/uso terapêutico , Medição da Dor , Cuidados Paliativos , Projetos Piloto , Dados Preliminares , Qualidade de Vida , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Background: Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are at risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Traditional seed-based analysis has shown biased functional connectivity (FC) in SCD individuals. To investigate unbiased altered FC by the brain-wide association study (BWAS) and to determine its association with cognition in SCD individuals. Methods: Measure of association (MA) analysis was applied to detect significant voxels with FC changes. Based on these changes, we identified regions of interest (ROIs) and conducted ROI-wise FC analyses. Correlation analyses were then performed between these FC circuits and cognition. Results: MA analysis identified 10 ROIs with significantly altered voxels. ROI-wise FC analyses revealed 14 strengthened FC, predominantly parietal-occipital link alterations. The FC between the right superior occipital gyrus and the right postcentral gyrus correlated positively with executive function, while the FC between the right middle occipital gyrus and the left angular gyrus correlated positively with episodic memory in SCD individuals. Conclusion: SCD involves multifocal impairments, of which regions of default mode network (DMN) and occipital lobe should be specially focused. Cross-hemispheric alterations indicate an internal interactive impairment pattern in SCD. The reduced FC between the right superior occipital gyrus and the right postcentral gyrus, and between the right middle occipital gyrus and the left angular gyrus, which correlate with specific cognitive functions, could serve as potential biomarkers for SCD diagnosis.
RESUMO
Objective: Impaired interhemispheric connectivity and corpus callosum atrophy have been linked to cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Existing evidence indicates that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the bilateral precuneus may enhance cognitive function in AD. This study aims to investigate the effects of precuneus rTMS on cognitive function, as well as alterations in interhemispheric functional connectivity (FC) and its structural basis in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: A total of 14 patients with SCD and 16 patients with MCI were enrolled in this study and received 10 Hz rTMS intervention on the bilateral precuneus for 2 weeks. Neurocognitive scales, structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected at enrollment and after the rTMS intervention. Interhemispheric FC was assessed using mirror homotopic functional connectivity (VMHC), while the structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the relationship between corpus callosum volume, interhemispheric connectivity, and cognitive function after rTMS intervention. Results: The precuneus rTMS not only enhanced episodic memory in SCD, but also improved multiple cognitive domains in MCI. Post-rTMS intervention, decreased VMHC values in the lingual cortex, middle occipital gyrus, putamen, and fusiform gyrus were observed in SCD, and an increased VMHC value in the postcentral gyrus along with reduced VMHC value in the cerebellum and putamen in MCI. After intervention, more brain regions show decreased FC in SCD and MCI patients, suggesting that precuneus rTMS may protect cerebral cortical plasticity by reducing excessive functional compensation, and thus improve cognitive function. The SEM indicated that the corpus callosum serves as the structural foundation for rTMS regulation of interhemispheric FC to further improve cognitive function. Conclusion: 10 Hz rTMS in the bilateral precuneus could be a promising strategy to improve cognitive function in patients with SCD and MCI. Our study implies that improvements in cognition brought about by precuneus rTMS may result from the remodeling of interhemispheric FC, with the corpus callosum possibly acting as the anatomical basis for functional modulation.