Regulatory non-coding RNA: new instruments in the orchestration of cell death.

Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) comprises a substantial portion of primary transcripts that are generated by genomic transcription, but are not translated into protein. The possible functions of these once considered 'junk' molecules have incited considerable interest and new insights have emerged. The two major members of ncRNAs, namely micro RNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), have important regulatory roles in gene expression and many important physiological processes, which has recently been extended to programmed cell death. The previous paradigm of programmed cell death only by apoptosis has recently expanded to include modalities of regulated necrosis (RN), and particularly necroptosis. However, most research efforts in this field have been on protein regulators, leaving the role of ncRNAs largely unexplored. In this review, we discuss important findings concerning miRNAs and lncRNAs that modulate apoptosis and RN pathways, as well as the miRNA-lncRNA interactions that affect cell death regulation.

Fast-track surgery for gastroenteric neoplasms: a meta-analysis.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Fast-track surgery has been shown to enhance postoperative recovery. The objective of the study was to determine the differences of fast-track surgery and conventional care for patients with gastroenteric neoplasms. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for related trials to compare hospital stay and rates of complications and readmission. RESULTS: Thirteen randomized controlled trials, with 1,962 patients, were included. Results showed the length of hospital stay was significantly reduced in the fast-track group. The complications rate was lowered in colorectal surgery. There were no significant differences in rate of readmissions. CONCLUSIONS: Current trials show that fast-track surgery may reduce the length of hospital stay and lower the rate of complications of gastroenteric surgery.