Relationship between soft tissue dimensions and tomographic radial root position classification system for immediate implant installation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between soft tissue dimensions and radial root position (RRP) classification for immediate implant placement on maxillary anterior teeth. Maxillary anterior teeth (n = 420) were analyzed in the radial plane of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Each tooth was classified according to its RRP: class I, (IA, IB); class II (IIA, IIB) class III; class IV, and class V. Soft tissue thickness at different landmarks, supracrestal soft tissue height, and crestal bone thickness were measured in CBCT. Keratinized tissue width was clinically measured. Gingival phenotype (thick or thin) was evaluated by transparency of the periodontal probe and at the landmark 2 mm from the gingival margin in CBCT. Class I tooth position accounted for 31.7%, class II for 45%, class III for 13.3%, class IV for 0.5%, and class V for 9.5%. The gingival phenotype was associated with RRP (χ2 test, p < 0.05). Soft tissue dimensions were significantly different over RRP classes (ANOVA and Tukey tests, p < 0.05). Types IA and IIA presented both thick soft and hard tissues. When planning immediate implants in the anterior maxilla, soft tissue dimensions evaluation should be incorporated into RRP classification to increase the accuracy and predictability of treatment outcomes.

Biological and behavioral features and colonization of the sylvatic mosquito Sabethes identicus (Diptera: Culicidae).

Mosquitoes of the genus Sabethes are exclusively sylvatic species occurring in Central and South Americas, where they play a role in the transmission of arbovirus. Sabethes identicus, a common bamboo-breeder species, has been found naturally infected with yellow fever virus. Our study aimed to describe biological and behavioral features of Sa. identicus in the laboratory, as well as establish and standardize an isolated colony for experimental assays. We tested different larval densities and evaluated larval and pupal development time, oviposition behavior, egg production, and longevity. We also shot and video-documented bionomics and behavioral aspects of the mosquitoes in the field and laboratory. A colony with more than 30 generations was achieved. Embryogenesis of Sa. identicus is completed in about three days with a 79% hatch rate, while larval and pupal development takes approximately 15-17 and nine days, respectively. The mosquito's entire life cycle lasts approximately 30 days. Adult females could survive 71 days, and each individual laid an average of 88 eggs over their lifetime; 50% of females and males survived 37 and 24 days, respectively. Hematophagy peaks as early as the first week of emergence. The net content of a bamboo internode influenced the choice for oviposition, with the average number of eggs laid in those containing rearing water with larval and pupal exuviae being significantly higher than when they had only dechlorinated water or water with yeast. We documented for the first time an ecological association of weevils and Sa. identicus, where the oviposition of the latter depends on the weevil creating a hole in the bamboo wall for egg-laying purposes. Video recordings revealed for the first time the peculiar movements of gravid females during egg-throwing into tiny bamboo holes, as well as the laborious escape of newly emerged adults from the bamboo cavity, and mating behavior.

Gingival landmarks and cutting points for gingival phenotype determination: A clinical and tomographic cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study assessed the role of gingival landmarks (GLs) and cutting points (CPs) for gingival phenotype (GP) determination. METHODS: Six maxillary anterior teeth (70 subjects) were evaluated using soft tissue cone-beam computed tomography (ST-CBCT). Gingival thickness was measured at different GLs: 1) tissue zone (gingival margin [GM], 1 and 2 mm apical to GM, cemento-enamel junction, above the bone crest); 2) bone zone (buccal bone crest [BBC], 1, 2, and 3 mm apical to BBC). CPs of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.5 mm were used to discriminate between thin and thick GP. The clinical determination of GP was made based on transparency of the periodontal probe (TRAN). RESULTS: The prevalence of thin and thick GP depended on the GL and CP. Considering the CP (1 mm), thin GP at the tissue zone ranged from 99% at the GM to 10.2% above the bone crest. In the bone zone, thick GP ranged from 28% at the BBC to 6% at 3 mm apical to the BBC. The predictability of a correct assessment of GP by TRAN compared with ST-CBCT was influenced by the GLs and CPs. A slight agreement (kappa <0.2) and low accuracy (area under the curve <0.7) were found between methods. CONCLUSIONS: The determination of thin and thick GPs is related to the gingival landmarks and CPs. Further studies are required for a well-defined treatment protocol considering different gingival landmarks in tissue and bone zones. An ST-CBCT may be useful for this purpose.

Incontinência dupla: fatores associados e impacto sobre a qualidade de vida em mulheres atendidas em serviço de referência / Double incontinence: associated factors and impact on the quality of life of women attended at a health referral service

OBJETIVO: Avaliar, em uma população feminina com incontinência urinária, a prevalência de incontinência dupla, seus fatores associados e seu impacto sobre a qualidade de vida. MÉTIDO: Estudo transversal em mulheres com incontinência urinária ou dupla (incontinência urinária e fecal) atendidas em um hospital terciário do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram colhidas informações sociodemográficas e clínicas, e a qualidade de vida foi avaliada por meio de questionários validados. A associação entre as variáveis e os tipos de disfunção (incontinência urinária e dupla) e com a pior percepção geral de saúde foi determinada pelos testes de Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado e Fisher. RESULTADOS: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 227 mulheres, das quais 120 (52,9%) eram idosas. A prevalência de incontinência dupla foi de 14,1%, e os fatores a ela associados foram maior número de comorbidades (p-valor=0,04), polifarmácia (p-valor=0,04) e presença de retocele (p-valor=0,02). Mostraram associação com pior percepção geral de saúde o IMC (quanto maior, pior; p-valor=0,02) e maior número de comorbidades (p-valor=0,05), mas não a incontinência dupla (p-valor=0,36). CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de incontinência dupla foi diferente da encontrada em estudos realizados em cenários semelhantes. A população estudada apresenta baixos escores de percepção geral de saúde, mas a incontinência dupla não esteve associada a tais escores. A presença de múltiplas comorbidades está associada tanto à presença de incontinência dupla quanto à pior percepção geral de saúde. AU

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, associated factors, and impact on quality of life of double incontinence in a group of women with urinary incontinence. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed, including female patients with urinary or double incontinence (urinary and fecal incontinence) treated at a tertiary hospital from the public healthcare system. Information about sociodemographic and clinical characteristics was collected, and quality of life was assessed using validated questionnaires. The Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher tests were used to evaluate the association between the variables and the types of dysfunction (urinary or double incontinence) and a worse general health perception. RESULTS: Of 227 incontinent women included in the study, 120 (52,9%) were older individuals. The prevalence of double incontinence was 14.1% (32 patients). Double incontinence was associated with a higher number of comorbidities (p-value=0.04), polypharmacy (p-value=0.04), and rectocele (p-valor=0.02). Higher BMI (p-value=0.02) and number of comorbidities (p-value=0.05), but not double incontinence (p-value=0.36), were associated with low general health perception scores. CONCLUSION: the prevalence of double incontinence was different from other studies conducted in similar scenarios. The group of women included in the study presented low general health perception scores, but this was not associated with the presence of double incontinence. A higher number of comorbidities was associated with both double incontinence and a lower general health perception. AU

[Use of medical consultations and the occurrence of systemic arterial hypertension in urban and rural areas of Brazil, according to PNAD data 2008]. / Utilização de consulta médica e hipertensão arterial sistêmica nas áreas urbanas e rurais do Brasil, segundo dados da PNAD 2008.

The use of medical consultations is influenced by determinants such as healthcare needs and service characteristics, which depend on whether the environment is urban or rural. The scope was to estimate the proportions of individuals attending medical consultations over the previous 12 months with and without self-reported systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) living in urban and rural areas, and to analyze the patterns of consultation use and associations. This was a sectional study, using PNAD 2008. Logistic regression was performed to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs), according to self-reported SAH and household situation. 70.6% of adult Brazilians consult physicians. The association between the presence of SAH and attending medical consultations was 3.63 (OR) times greater in urban areas. The incidence of consultation with physicians was greater among women, individuals using continuous medication or who had health insurance plans or funding for the last consultation, people who reported a disease or restriction in mobility and those with self-reported poor health, in all strata. Multivariate analysis modified the associations of all variables. The differences between the two areas suggested that access policies need to be implemented, with the aim of reducing inequalities.

[Association between self-reported state of health among adults and the location of the home: ordinal logistic regression analysis using PNAD 2008]. / Associação entre o estado de saúde autorreferido de adultos e a área de localização do domicílio: uma análise de regressão logística ordinal usando a PNAD 2008.

The urban environment influences human health and behavior, and a clearer understanding of the health determinants of populations living in cities is needed. Using data from the National Household Sampling Survey (PNAD) 2008, with ordinal logistic models incorporating the sampling plan, this study assessed the association between the location of the home (urban or rural) and the self-reported state of health of the adult Brazilian population, taking into account a set of individual and environmental factors inside and outside the home. The results indicated that after allowing for individual and environmental factors, the association between the location of the home and the self-reported state of health is changing (going from OR = 1.51 to OR = 0.96) and losing its statistical significance (p-value = 0.208). However, statistically significant interactions were observed between the location of the home and the following variables: sex, color/race, self-reported morbidity, possession of basic goods and percentage of households with adequate living conditions.

[Relationship between health care insurance and Papanicolaou exam: a propensity score application using a complex sample inquiry]. / Relação entre plano de saúde e a realização do exame Papanicolaou: uma aplicação de escore de propensão usando um inquérito amostral complexo.

Cervical uterine cancer is the second most common malignancy affecting women worldwide. Papanicolaou smear is a simple screening test that can detect the disease at an early and curable stage. Although indicated to every adult woman, Pap smear screening covers less than 70% of Brazilian women. This study aimed to evaluate if private health care insurance coverage was associated with Papanicolaou smear screening. We analyzed data from 6,299 women aged 35 years or older, resident in Rio de Janeiro state, who had been interviewed in the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) in 2003. In order to minimize the occurrence of biases, we utilized the propensity score matching method, considering all information from sample design in the scores estimation (sample weights, strata and primary sampling units). A sub-sample of 2,348 women was then obtained, with socioeconomic and biological covariates equally distributed between the groups with and without private health insurance coverage (1,174 pairs). Logistic regression model was then used and the results showed that the chance of Papanicolaou smear screening is 26.1% higher (OR=1.261; p=0,096; CI 95%= [0.96;1.66]) for women with health insurance coverage when compared to women without health insurance coverage at 10% of significance. The results indicate the need of extending periodic cervical cancer screening for all women, reducing the inequalities still present nowadays.