One-Step Wet-Spinning of High-Energy Density Coaxial Fibrous Supercapacitors Based on In Situ Carbon-Modified Nitrogen-Doped MXene Nanosheets.

Fibrous supercapacitors (SCs) are emerging promising power sources for flexible/wearable electronics and have attracted an extensive amount of attention from researchers. However, the low energy density has always hindered their further development. Here, a coaxial fibrous SC (CFSC) was fabricated by one-step wet-spinning combined with an electrodeposition strategy. Benefiting from the large surface area and abundant pore structure of carbon-modified nitrogen-doped MXene nanosheets (NS), as well as the high conductivity of silver (Ag) NS, the electrolyte ion/electron transport paths are significantly improved. Furthermore, the distributed GO in the P(VDF-HFP) separator could form a high-speed continuous ion transport channel, thus enhancing the ionic conductivity. At a power density of 40-200 µW cm-2, the CFSC shows a high energy density of 0.7-3.39 µWh cm-2. The as-prepared CFSC also maintains an excellent capacitance retention rate of 90.3% even after 15 000 charge-discharge cycles. This work provides a general strategy for manufacturing high-performance, flexible, and wearable SCs.

Guiding the Path to Healing: CuO2 -Laden Nanocomposite Membrane for Diabetic Wound Treatment.

Diabetic chronic wounds pose significant clinical challenges due to their characteristic features of impaired extracellular matrix (ECM) function, diminished angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, and increased susceptibility to infection. To tackle these challenges and provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach for diabetic wounds, the first coaxial electrospun nanocomposite membrane is developed that incorporates multifunctional copper peroxide nanoparticles (n-CuO2 ). The membrane's nanofiber possesses a unique "core/sheath" structure consisting of n-CuO2 +PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone)/PCL (Polycaprolactone) composite sheath and a PCL core. When exposed to the wound's moist environment, PVP within the sheath gradually disintegrates, releasing the embedded n-CuO2 . Under a weakly acidic microenvironment (typically diabetic and infected wounds), n-CuO2 decomposes to release H2 O2 and Cu2+ ions and subsequently produce ·OH through chemodynamic reactions. This enables the anti-bacterial activity mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressing the inflammation while enhancing angiogenesis. At the same time, the dissolution of PVP unveils unique nano-grooved surface patterns on the nanofibers, providing desirable cell-guiding function required for accelerated skin regeneration. Through meticulous material selection and design, this study pioneers the development of functional nanocomposites for multi-modal wound therapy, which holds great promise in guiding the path to healing for diabetic wounds.

Tailored Magnetic Spatial Confinement with Enhanced Polarization and Magnetic Response for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

For materials with coexisting phases, the transition from a random to an ordered distribution of materials often generates new mechanisms. Although the magnetic confinement effect has improved the electromagnetic (EM) performance, the transition from random to ordered magnetic confinement positions remains a synthetic challenge, and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Herein, precise control of magnetic nanoparticles is achieved through a spatial confinement growth strategy, preparing five different modalities of magnetic confined carbon fiber materials, effectively inhibiting magnetic agglomeration. Systematic studies have shown that the magnetic confinement network can refine CoNi NPs size and enhance strong magnetic coupling interactions. Compared to CoNi@HCNFs on the hollow carbon fibers (HCNFs) outer surface, HCNFs@CoNi constructed on the inner surface induce stronger spatial charge polarization relaxation at the interface and exhibit stronger magnetic coupling interactions at the inner surface due to the high-density magnetic coupling units at the micro/nanoscale, thereby respectively enhancing dielectric and magnetic losses. Remarkably, they achieve a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -64.54 dB and an absorption bandwidth of 5.60 GHz at a thickness of 1.77 mm. This work reveals the microscale mechanism of magnetic confinement-induced different polarization relaxation and magnetic response, providing a new strategy for designing magnetic materials.

A Breathable Fibrous Membrane with Coaxially Heterogeneous Conductive Networks toward Personal Thermal Management and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

The expeditious growth of wearable electronic devices has boomed the development of versatile smart textiles for personal health-related applications. In practice, integrated high-performance systems still face challenges of compromised breathability, high cost, and complicated manufacturing processes. Herein, a breathable fibrous membrane with dual-driven heating and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance is developed through a facile process of electrospinning followed by targeted conformal deposition. The approach constructs a robust hierarchically coaxial heterostructure consisting of elastic polymers as supportive "core" and dual-conductive components of polypyrrole and copper sulfide (CuS) nanosheets as continuous "sheath" at the fiber level. The CuS nanosheets with metal-like electrical conductivity demonstrate the promising potential to substitute the expensive conductive nano-materials with a complex fabricating process. The as-prepared fibrous membrane exhibits high electrical conductivity (70.38 S cm-1), exceptional active heating effects, including solar heating (saturation temperature of 69.7 °C at 1 sun) and Joule heating (75.2 °C at 2.9 V), and impressive EMI shielding performance (50.11 dB in the X-band), coupled with favorable air permeability (161.4 mm s-1 at 200 Pa) and efficient water vapor transmittance (118.9 g m-2 h). This work opens up a new avenue to fabricate versatile wearable devices for personal thermal management and health protection.

Heterogeneous CuS QDs/BiVO4@Y2O2S Nanoreactor for Monitorable Photocatalysis.

Exploration of multifunctional integrated catalysts is of great significance for photocatalysis toward practical application. Herein, a 1D confined nanoreactor with a heterogeneous core-shell structure is designed for synergies of efficient catalysis and temperature monitoring by custom encapsulation of Z-scheme heterojunction CuS quantum dots/BiVO4 (CuS QDs/BiVO4) and Y2O2S-Er, Yb. The dispersed active sites created by the QDs with high surface energy improve the mass transfer efficiency, and the efficient electron transport channels at the heterogeneous interface extend the carrier lifetime, which endows the nanoreactor with excellent catalytic performance. Meanwhile, real-time temperature monitoring is realized based on the thermally coupled levels 2H11/2/4S3/2→4I15/2 of Er3+ using fluorescence intensity ratio, which enables the monitorable photocatalysis. Furthermore, the nanoreactor with a multidimensional structure increases effective intermolecular collisions to facilitate the catalytic process by restricting the reaction within distinct enclosed spaces and circumvents potential unknown interaction effects. The design of multi-space nanoconfined reactors opens up a new avenue to modulate catalyst function, providing a unique perspective for photocatalytic applications in the mineralization of organic pollutants, hydrogen production, and nitrogen fixation.

Evaluation of coaxial dipole antennas as transceiver elements of human head array for ultra-high field MRI at 9.4T.

PURPOSE: The aim of this work is to evaluate a new eight-channel transceiver (TxRx) coaxial dipole array for imaging of the human head at 9.4T developed to improve specific absorption rate (SAR) performance, and provide for a more compact and robust alternative to the state-of-the art dipole arrays. METHODS: First, the geometry of a single coaxial element was optimized to minimize peak SAR and sensitivity to the load variation. Next, a multi-tissue voxel model was used to numerically simulate a TxRx array coil that consisted of eight coaxial dipoles with the optimal configuration. Finally, we compared the developed array to other human head dipole arrays. Results of numerical simulations were verified on a bench and in the scanner including in vivo measurements on a healthy volunteer. RESULTS: The developed eight-element coaxial dipole TxRx array coil showed up to 1.1times higher SAR-efficiency than a similar in geometry folded-end and fractionated dipole array while maintaining whole brain coverage and low sensitivity of the resonance frequency to variation in the head size. CONCLUSION: As a proof of concept, we developed and constructed a prototype of a 9.4T (400 MHz) human head array consisting of eight TxRx coaxial dipoles. The developed array improved SAR-efficiency and provided for a more compact and robust alternative to the folded-end dipole design. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of using coaxial dipoles for human head MRI at ultra-high field.

An 8Tx/32Rx head-neck coil at 7T by combining 2Tx/32Rx Nova coil with 6Tx shielded coaxial cable elements.

PURPOSE: Standard head coils used at 7T MRI suffer from high signal loss at lower brain regions and neck. This study aimed to increase the field of view (FOV) of a birdcage coil to image the lower brain regions and neck with a straightforward approach of using add-on transmit shielded coaxial cable coil (SCC) elements. METHODS: A new head-neck coil was modeled as a combination of the 2Tx/32Rx Nova head coil and 6Tx SCC elements. The add-on transmit SCC elements have been produced. The full wave electromagnetic simulations were performed to analyze the coil geometry and estimate the local specific absorption ratio (SAR). The B 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ field maps and structural images were acquired in a phantom and in vivo on a 7T scanner. RESULTS: The computed SAR histogram revealed a peak SAR 10 g $$ {\mathrm{SAR}}_{10g} $$ of 4.08 W/kg. The simulated and measured B 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ maps are in good agreement. The manufactured coil's S-parameters are below - $$ - $$ 10 dB. The B 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ field measurements on a subject presented the increase in the FOV. The T1-weighted structural images of three subjects acquired with the head-neck coil showed increased coverage compared to the head coil only. CONCLUSION: Combining the 2Tx/32Rx Nova head coil and 6Tx SCC elements allowed imaging of the whole brain with an increased FOV down to the C4 spine. The coil stayed fully functional when different subjects were scanned. We conclude that the SCC transmit-only coils are a robust adjunct to conventional coil designs and can meaningfully enhance and expand their field of view.

Phantom evaluation of electrical conductivity mapping by MRI: Comparison to vector network analyzer measurements and spatial resolution assessment.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of various MR electrical properties tomography (MR-EPT) methods at 3 T in terms of absolute quantification and spatial resolution limit for electrical conductivity. METHODS: Absolute quantification as well as spatial resolution performance were evaluated on homogeneous phantoms and a phantom with holes of different sizes, respectively. Ground-truth conductivities were measured with an open-ended coaxial probe connected to a vector network analyzer (VNA). Four widely used MR-EPT reconstruction methods were investigated: phase-based Helmholtz (PB), phase-based convection-reaction (PB-cr), image-based (IB), and generalized-image-based (GIB). These methods were compared using the same complex images from a 1 mm-isotropic UTE sequence. Alternative transceive phase acquisition sequences were also compared in PB and PB-cr. RESULTS: In large homogeneous phantoms, all methods showed a strong correlation with ground truth conductivities (r > 0.99); however, GIB was the best in terms of accuracy, spatial uniformity, and robustness to boundary artifacts. In the resolution phantom, the normalized root-mean-squared error of all methods grew rapidly (>0.40) when the hole size was below 10 mm, with simplified methods (PB and IB), or below 5 mm, with generalized methods (PB-cr and GIB). CONCLUSION: VNA measurements are essential to assess the accuracy of MR-EPT. In this study, all tested MR-EPT methods correlated strongly with the VNA measurements. The UTE sequence is recommended for MR-EPT, with the GIB method providing good accuracy for structures down to 5 mm. Structures below 5 mm may still be detected in the conductivity maps, but with significantly lower accuracy.

Dynamic parallel imaging at 9.4 T using reconfigurable receive coaxial dipoles.

Parallel imaging is one of the key MRI technologies that allow reduction of image acquisition time. However, the parallel imaging reconstruction commonly leads to a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) drop evaluated using a so-called geometrical factor (g-factor). The g-factor is minimized by increasing the number of array elements and their spatial diversity. At the same time, increasing the element count requires a decrease in their size. This may lead to insufficient coil loading, an increase in the relative noise contribution from the RF coil itself, and hence SNR reduction. Previously, instead of increasing the channel number, we introduced the concept of electronically switchable time-varying sensitivities, which was shown to improve parallel imaging performance. In this approach, each reconfigurable receive element supports two spatially distinct sensitivity profiles. In this work, we developed and evaluated a novel eight-element human head receive-only reconfigurable coaxial dipole array for human head imaging at 9.4 T. In contrast to the previously reported reconfigurable dipole array, the new design does not include direct current (DC) control wires connected directly to the dipoles. The coaxial cable itself is used to deliver DC voltage to the PIN diodes located at the ends of the antennas. Thus, the novel reconfigurable coaxial dipole design opens a way to scale the dynamic parallel imaging up to a realistic number of channels, that is, 32 and above. The novel array was optimized and tested experimentally, including in vivo studies. It was found that dynamic sensitivity switching provided an 8% lower mean and 33% lower maximum g-factor (for Ry × Rz = 2 × 2 acceleration) compared with conventional static sensitivities.

Electrospun Core-Sheath Nanofibers with a Cellulose Acetate Coating for the Synergistic Release of Zinc Ion and Drugs.

Precisely modulating the synergistic release behavior of multiple bioactive substances has emerged as a formidable challenge in recent years. In this work, we successfully prepared core-sheath nanofibers, where a thin cellulose acetate (CA) coating enrobed the core. Curcumin (Cur) was encapsulated in the core layer as a model drug, while zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were loaded on the sheath layer. The prepared fiber exhibited a straight cylindrical morphology containing nanoparticles, and the distinct core-sheath nanostructure was demonstrated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were conducted to study the physical state and compatibility among CA, Cur, and ZnO. Drug release data indicated that core-sheath nanofibers were able to decelerate the rate of drug release, and the thickness of the sheath layer increased in the presence of ZnO particles. Most remarkably, these core-sheath nanofibers exhibited the remarkable ability to sustain the release of drugs and zinc ion (Zn2+), the two-day synergistically release behavior leading to a significant increase in cell proliferation. This material preparation strategy for the synergistic and controlled release of two bioactive substances is instructive for the exploration of innovative and versatile drug delivery systems.

Comparative clinical efficacy of percutaneous coaxial large-channel endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a retrospective study.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous coaxial large-channel endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (PCLE-LIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. The clinical data of patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis who underwent PCLE-LIF (experimental group) and TLIF (control group) surgery from September 2019 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. We collected clinical data and compared the two groups in terms of perioperative parameters, treatment response rate, inflammatory response markers, postoperative complications, postoperative pain, and functional recovery. The results showed that the treatment outcomes in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group. Specifically, perioperative parameters and inflammatory response markers in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The overall treatment response rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, postoperative VAS pain scores and ODI functional scores were lower, and postoperative JOA functional scores were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). In conclusion, PCLE-LIF appears to be a promising technique with better clinical outcomes in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

Analyzing of hydrodynamic stress and mass transfer requirements of a fermentation process carried out in a coaxial bioreactor: a scale-up study.

Fluid hydrodynamic stress has a deterministic effect on the morphology of filamentous fungi. Although the coaxial mixer has been recognized as a suitable gas dispersion system for minimizing inhomogeneities within a bioreactor, its performance for achieving enhanced oxygen transfer while operating at a reduced shear environment has not been investigated yet, specifically upon scale-up. Therefore, the influence of the impeller type, aeration rate, and central impeller retrofitting on the efficacy of an abiotic coaxial system containing a shear-thinning fluid was examined. The aim was to assess the hydrodynamic parameters, including stress, mass transfer, bubble size, and gas hold-up, upon conducting a scale-up study. The investigation was conducted through dynamic gassing-in, tomography, and computational fluid dynamics combined with population balance methods. It was observed that the coaxial bioreactor performance was strongly influenced by the agitator type. In addition, coaxial bioreactors are scalable in terms of shear environment and oxygen transfer rate.

A Method for Sensing Dielectric Properties of Thin and Flexible Conductive Biocomposites.

This study investigates the dielectric properties of conductive biocomposites (CBs), which are integral to the development of advanced materials for flexible electronics and medical devices. A novel method employing Microwave Reflectometry (MR) is introduced, utilizing a miniaturized Vector Network Analyzer (m-VNA) and a dedicated sensing element (SE), to extract the dielectric properties of CBs. The method is grounded in a minimization principle, aligning the measured S11 reflection scattering parameter with its electromagnetic (EM) simulation, facilitating a refined process for determining the dielectric properties. The experimental setup was meticulously engineered, optimized, and validated using reference dielectric samples (RDSs) with known dielectric properties. The method was then applied to three innovative CBs, resulting in an accurate extrapolation of their dielectric properties. The findings highlight the method's versatility, cost-efficiency, and applicability to ultra-thin and flexible biopolymer films, offering significant potential for advancements in flexible electronics and bio-sensing applications.

Design and Implementation of C-Band Large-Power Planar Butler Matrix in SRS.

In satellite remote sensing (SRS), there is a demand for large-power microwave components. A Butler matrix is essential to a transmitting antenna array in SRS. This article illustrates the electrical and mechanical design, simulation, and test results of a large-power planar beamforming network for SRS at C-band. It is a 4 × 4 Butler matrix based on square coaxial lines. Short-ended stubs are used in the Butler matrix to broaden its bandwidth by 10%, support inner conductors, and enhance heat transfer in vacuum environments. The simulation results are consistent with the measured results. The reflection coefficient is less than -18 dB, and the isolation is more than 23 dB from 3.8 GHz to 4.2 GHz. The insertion losses are less than 0.6 dB, and the phase errors are better than ±6°. The measured peak microwave power of the proposed Butler matrix is 9 kW. Its size is 440 × 400 × 40 mm3. The proposed Butler matrix beamforming network can be applied to SRS systems.

One-Port Coaxial Line Sample Holder Characterisation Method of Dielectric Spectra.

A technique for solving the one-port closed coaxial transmission line sample holder scattering equation for complex permittivity inversion for lossy materials is presented. A non-linear least-squares procedure is used for the determination of parameters for the specification of the spectral functional form of the complex permittivity. The method allows for accurate retrieval of many low- and high-permittivity dielectric materials in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 3 GHz inserted into the coaxial cell. Using this method, the complex permittivity of a number of liquids and a Maltese soil known as Bajjad soil have been extracted by measurements using a short terminated coaxial transmission line sample holder. The proposed novel inversion method is mainly based on the reflection coefficient of the test material. The measured results of the complex permittivity of liquid dielectrics such as ethanol, methanol, and TX100 are validated and compared with previously published data obtained from measurements made by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) using a two-port measurement setup made with the same commercial coaxial transmission line sample holder used in the one-port setup. Since the technique allows broadband measurements, it has been used to characterise the soil dielectric spectrum in the frequency range of 1-3 GHz, which is also compared with results from a two-port setup of the same coaxial line. The experimental results are a validation of the proposed approach for different types of materials.

Open-Ended Coaxial Probe for Effective Reconstruction of Biopsy-Excised Tissues' Dielectric Properties.

Dielectric characterization is extremely promising in medical contexts because it offers insights into the electromagnetic properties of biological tissues for the diagnosis of tumor diseases. This study introduces a promising approach to improve accuracy in the dielectric characterization of millimeter-sized biopsies based on the use of a customized electromagnetic characterization system by adopting a coated open-ended coaxial probe. Our approach aims to accelerate biopsy analysis without sample manipulation. Through comprehensive numerical simulations and experiments, we evaluated the effectiveness of a metal-coating system in comparison to a dielectric coating with the aim for replicating a real scenario: the use of a needle biopsy core with the tissue inside. The numerical analyses highlighted a substantial improvement in the reconstruction of the dielectric properties, particularly in managing the electric field distribution and mitigating fringing field effects. Experimental validation using bovine liver samples revealed highly accurate measurements, particularly in the real part of the permittivity, showing errors lower than 1% compared to the existing literature data. These results represent a significant advancement for the dielectric characterization of biopsy specimens in a rapid, precise, and non-invasive manner. This study underscores the robustness and reliability of our innovative approach, demonstrating the convergence of numerical analyses and empirical validation.

Analyzing the Automatic Power Level Control Effect of a Signal Generator in RF Power Sensor Calibration by a Direct Comparison Transfer Method and a Millimeter Wave Application.

Most calibration laboratories prefer the Direct Comparison Transfer Method (DCTM) for a reliable and accurate calibration of power sensors in the radio frequency (RF) scope. Most studies suggest using this calibration method, with its automatic power level control (APLC) of RF signal generators. The APLC is preferred to keep the output power level of the signal generator the same, while the power sensor is calibrated and the reference power sensor is connected to the measurement system. The known APLC mechanisms are also explained for the DCTM, and a comparison of the calibration factor values carried out with and without the automatic power level control process in the DCTM is also given in this study. RF power sensor calibrations with coaxial and waveguide connector types are examined with DCTM in this study as well. This study shows that the DCTM, unless with APLC, should be applied for the waveguide power sensor's calibration at millimeter wave frequencies.

An insight into viscosity and conductivity in the formulation of co-axial electrospun Carica papaya leaf extract.

Objective: This research aimed to investigate the application of the coaxial electrospun method for the production of natural extracts (papaya leaf extract) fibre films. This was achieved through utilising different polymers and with a focus on the conductivity and the viscosity of polymer solutions as critical parameters to generate successful fibres.Significance: Electrospinning is a promising trending manufacturing method for incorporating thermolabile herbal extracts using coaxial electrospun features. However, the complexity of the electrospinning process and the feasibility of the product required precise scrutiny.Methods: The electrospinning solution parameters (conductivity and viscosity) were evaluated by employing various ratios of Eudragit L100 (EL100) and Eudragit L100-55 (EL100-55) pre-spinning polymeric blend solutions. The electrospinning process and ambient parameters were optimised. Following that, the in-silico physicochemical properties of phytochemical marker, rutin, were illustrated using SwissADME web tool. Both freeze-dried Carica papaya leaf extract and its produced films were characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), polarised light microscopy, and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD).Results: The optimal values of conductivity (≈40-44 × 10-4 S/m) and viscosity (≈32-42 × 10-3 Pa·s) were determined for producing evenly distributed and small fibre diameters in SEM images. These parameters significance was highlighted in acquiring and maintaining adequate tangential stress for fibre elongation, which would consequently affect the morphology and diameter of the fibres formed.Conclusion: In conclusion, the solution, process, and ambient parameters are significant in developing natural extracts into films via electrospinning technology, and this includes the promising Carica papaya leaf extract films produced by coaxial electrospinning.

Nano-Micro Core-Shell Fibers for Efficient Pest Trapping.

Insect sex pheromones as an alternative to chemical pesticides hold promising prospects in pest control. However, their burst release and duration need to be optimized. Herein, pheromone-loaded core-shell fibers composed of degradable polycaprolactone and polyhydroxybutyrate were prepared by coaxial electrospinning. The results showed that this core-shell fiber had good hydrophobic performance and thermal stability, and the light transmittance in the ultraviolet band was only below 40%, which provided protection to pheromones. The core-shell structure alleviated the burst release of pheromone in the fiber and extended the release time to about 133 days. In the field, the pheromone-loaded core-shell fibers showed the same continuous and efficient trapping of Spodoptera litura as the commercial carriers. More importantly, the electrospun fibers combined with biomaterials had a degradability unmatched by commercial carriers. The structure design strategy provides ideas for the innovative design of pheromone carriers and is a potential tool for the management of agricultural pests.

Reverse Gradient Distributions of Drug and Polymer Molecules within Electrospun Core-Shell Nanofibers for Sustained Release.

Core-shell nanostructures are powerful platforms for the development of novel nanoscale drug delivery systems with sustained drug release profiles. Coaxial electrospinning is facile and convenient for creating medicated core-shell nanostructures with elaborate designs with which the sustained-release behaviors of drug molecules can be intentionally adjusted. With resveratrol (RES) as a model for a poorly water-soluble drug and cellulose acetate (CA) and PVP as polymeric carriers, a brand-new electrospun core-shell nanostructure was fabricated in this study. The guest RES and the host CA molecules were designed to have a reverse gradient distribution within the core-shell nanostructures. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope evaluations verified that these nanofibers had linear morphologies, without beads or spindles, and an obvious core-shell double-chamber structure. The X-ray diffraction patterns and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic results indicated that the involved components were highly compatible and presented in an amorphous molecular distribution state. In vitro dissolution tests verified that the new core-shell structures were able to prevent the initial burst release, extend the continuous-release time period, and reduce the negative tailing-off release effect, thus ensuring a better sustained-release profile than the traditional blended drug-loaded nanofibers. The mechanism underlying the influence of the new core-shell structure with an RES/CA reverse gradient distribution on the behaviors of RES release is proposed. Based on this proof-of-concept demonstration, a series of advanced functional nanomaterials can be similarly developed based on the gradient distributions of functional molecules within electrospun multi-chamber nanostructures.