Laparoscopic minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy or hysteropexy and transobturator tape combined with native tissue repair of the vaginal compartments in patients with advanced pelvic organ prolapse and incontinence.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to evaluate hysterectomized and non-hysterectomized patients with prolapse and incontinence. Laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy (LSHP) and minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy (LMSCP) were done in combination with transobturator tape (TOT) and native tissue repair of the anterior and posterior vaginal compartments in patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and occult, stress, or urinary incontinence (SUI). The hypothesis is that both methods are successful. METHODS: A total of 81 patients with POP were evaluated: 44 had vaginal vault prolapse (POPQ points Ba, C, and Bp were 1.2, 2.6, and 0.4, respectively) and 37 had uterine prolapse (POPQ points Ba, C, and Bp were 1.8, 1.7, and 1.3, respectively). LMSCP (which means less dissection of the vagina in its upper third and avoiding possible collision with the ureters anteriorly or the rectum posteriorly) was performed in patients with vault prolapse, whereas patients with uterine prolapse underwent LSHP. Transobturator tape (TOT) was placed in all patients to treat symptomatic and occult urinary incontinence. Systematic anterior and posterior colporrhaphy was performed in both groups. RESULTS: Both groups showed anatomic (p < 0.0001) and symptomatic improvement (p < 0.001-p < 0.05). Voiding was significantly improved after surgery without postoperative incontinence (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between groups regarding duration of surgery (p = 0.06), hospital stay (p = 0.13), blood loss (0.83), Clavien-Dindo grade 3 (p = 0.87), and Clavien-Dindo grade 1-2 (p = 0.92) complications. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive LSCP or LSHP combined with TOT and native tissue repair of the anterior and posterior vaginal compartment is a successful treatment for POP.

Outcomes of laparoscopic management of multicompartmental pelvic organ prolapse.

BACKGROUND: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is an increasing medical problem with complex diagnostics and controversial surgical management. It causes a series of dysfunctions in the gynecological, urinary, and anorectal organs. Numerous procedures have been proposed to treat these conditions, but in recent years, ventral mesh rectocolposacropexy (VMRCS) has emerged as the procedure of choice for the surgical treatment of POP, especially by a laparoscopic approach. This surgical technique limits the risk of autonomic nerve damage, and the colpopexy allows the correction of concomitant prolapse of the middle compartment. However, symptoms derived from anterior compartment prolapse remain a major morbidity and sometimes require an additional procedure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of laparoscopic prosthetic rectocolposacropexy (LRCS) and colposacropexy (LCS) procedures performed to manage combined multicompartmental POP. METHODS: Between November 2008 and December 2017, 38 patients with symptomatic POP underwent rectocolposacropexy (RCS) or colposacropexy (CS) by a laparoscopic approach. Demographics, mortality, morbidity, hospital stay, and functional outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The median operating time was 200 min (IQR 160-220). Additional simultaneous surgery for POP was performed in nine cases: five suburethral slings and four hysterectomies were performed. No mortality was recorded. The conversion rate was 7.89%. There were two intraoperative complications (5.26%): one enterotomy and one urinary bladder tear. Late complications occurred in 5.26% of cases. After a mean follow-up of 20 months, constipation was completely resolved or improved in 83.33% of patients, urinary stress incontinence was resolved or improved in 52.94%, and gynecological symptomatology was resolved or improved in 93.75%. The recurrence rate was 5.26%. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic mesh rectocolposacropexy and colposacropexy are safe and effective techniques associated with very low morbidity. In the medium term, they provide good results for POP and associated symptoms, but urinary symptomology has a worse outcome.

Nerve-Sparing Laparoscopic Colposacropexy Using a Percutaneous Surgical System: A Case Report.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safeness of nerve-sparing laparoscopic colposacropexy performed with a minimally invasive approach by using 2.9-mm Percuvance percutaneous surgical system (PSS; The Percuvance System; Teleflex Inc., Wayne, PA). The secondary aim was to investigate the technical performance of these instruments as needle holder in the placement of the mesh. The final aim was to establish the rate of prolapse recurrence. DESIGN: Step-by-step video demonstration of the surgical technique. SETTING: The Internal Department Committee approved this study. PATIENT: The patient was adequately informed about the possible risks and benefits of this experimental technique, and a written consent agreeing to undergo the described procedure was signed. INTERVENTION: Nerve-sparing laparoscopic colposacropexy with positioning of two polypropylene titanized meshes and concomitant subtotal hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy entirely performed with a 2.9-mm PSS. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition affecting up to 50% of multiparous women. It may be considered a significant public health problem with an important impact on general health-related quality of life. A conservative and/or medical treatment may be considered only for women with a mild degree of prolapse, women with a reproductive desire, or women unable to undergo surgery. In the remaining cases, surgery seems to be the most effective treatment. The surgical approach may be abdominal (colposacropexy by laparotomy, laparoscopy, or robot-assisted) or vaginal (autologous or prosthesic reinforcement). The aims of the surgical procedures include not only the anatomic correction of the prolapse but also the improvement of patient quality of life and prolapse symptom relief, guaranteeing normal bladder, bowel, and sexual functions and avoiding iatrogenic dysfunctional symptoms. At present, the laparoscopic technique of sacral colpopexy offers a number of important advantages, including an excellent visualization of the pelvis, reduction in adhesions formation, and decreased postoperative pain and recovery, with reported success rates of 90% to 96% with a mesh erosion rate of 1% to 8%. CONCLUSION: This case report is the first to report a nerve-sparing laparoscopic colposacropexy performed with a 2.9-mm PSS. The major advance of this technique is the possibility of performing a major gynecologic surgery with a scarless approach, which results in fewer traumas for the patient in the postoperative time. The use of these instruments does not increase the operation time or the rate early or late complications, most of all prolapse recurrence. Considering that this is the first case report in literature, more clinical data are needed to confirm these findings.

Safety and perioperative morbidity of laparoscopic sacropexy: a systematic analysis and a comparison with laparoscopic hysterectomy.

PURPOSE: The high prevalence of Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) along with the demographic trend of the ageing population raises the value of sacropexy in the treatment of POP. Thus, efforts to decrease risks associated with this procedure have the potential for public health impact. We examined the perioperative morbidity of laparoscopic sacropexy regarding the surgical access and compared it with the morbidity of one of the most common gynecological procedure, the laparoscopic hysterectomy. Our aim was to prove the safety of laparoscopic sacropexy. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of 80 consecutive laparoscopic sacropexies performed from Sept. 2012 until Oct. 2014 and 126 laparoscopic hysterectomies for a benign indication were undertaken. We assessed the anatomical outcome and the intra- and postoperative complications using the classification system according to Clavien-Dindo (CD). RESULTS: Apical success rate after sacropexy was 100% and global success rate was 95% (POP-Q stage ≤1). The decline in hemoglobin was low in both groups and showed no statistically significant differences. Both operative time (P < 0.001) and the duration of hospitalization (P < 0.001) were longer in case of a sacropexy. Although overall intraoperative complications seemed more frequent during a sacropexy, differences were not statistically significant. Both early and late postoperative complications showed a higher rate of mild complications (CD-I/II) and a lower rate of severe complications (CD-IIIa/IIIb) after a sacropexy. The differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic sacropexy represents a safe procedure with good anatomical outcome. Despite higher technical severity, it doesn't seem to bare higher risks for perioperative morbidity than the laparoscopic hysterectomy does.

The new robotic system HUGO RAS for gynecologic surgery: First European experience from Gemelli Hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of the new surgical robot HUGO robotic assisted surgery (RAS) in a series of gynecologic surgical procedures. METHODS: Between March and October 2022, 138 patients treated at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy were enrolled in the study. All patients suitable for a minimally-invasive approach were prospectively included and divided into two groups: Group 1 (78 patients) made up of patients operated on for uterine and/or adnexal pathologies, and Group 2 (60 patients) made up of patients treated for pelvic organ prolapse. RESULTS: In Group 1, median docking time (DT) was 5 min and median console time (CT) was 90 min. In two patients (2.6%) redocking was necessary. In two patients (2.6%), the surgeon continued the surgery laparoscopically. Intraoperative complications occurred in two surgeries (2.6%). In Group 2, median DT was 4 min and median CT was 134.5 min. In three patients (5%), redocking was necessary. In all patients, the surgery was successfully completed robotically without intraoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that the new HUGO RAS system for gynecologic surgery is safe with good results in terms of surgical efficacy and perioperative outcomes. Further studies are needed to investigate its use in other technical and surgical aspects.

Robotic versus Mini-Laparoscopic Colposacropexy to Treat Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study and a Medicolegal Perspective.

Background: POP (pelvic organ prolapse) involves the descent of one or more pelvic organs downwards with or without protrusion from the vaginal opening, caused by the relaxation and weakening of ligaments, connective tissue, and pelvic muscles. Such an outcome negatively impacts the quality of life. The gold standard procedure for repairing apical compartment prolapse is colposacropexy (CS) to secure the anterior and posterior walls of the vagina to the anterior longitudinal sacral ligament, located anteriorly to the sacral promontory, using a mesh. Several surgical approaches are feasible. Laparotomic or minimally invasive methods, including laparoscopic or robotic ones, can restore the horizontal axis of the vagina and typically involve concomitant hysterectomy. Methods: This study is based on 80 patients who underwent CS at Palermo's Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello from 2019 to 2023. Women aged 35-85 at the time of surgery were divided into two groups: 40 patients underwent mini-laparoscopic surgery, and 40 patients underwent robotic surgery. The following parameters were accounted for: demographic data (initials of name and surname, age), preoperative clinical diagnosis, date of surgery, surgical procedure performed, estimated intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgical intervention, length of hospital stay, postoperative pain assessed at 24 h using the VAS scale, and any complications occurring in the postoperative period. Mini-laparoscopic CS (Minilap) and robotic CS (Rob) were then compared in terms of outcomes. Results: In the Minilap group, 11 patients out of 40 had a preoperative diagnosis of vaginal vault prolapse. The average age in this group was 61.6. Five of these patients had isolated cystocele, while the rest presented vaginal stump prolapse linked to cystocele, rectocele, or both. The remaining 29 patients in the Minilap group had a preoperative diagnosis of uterovaginal prolapse, also associated with cystocele, rectocele, or both, or isolated in nine cases. In the Rob group (average age: 60.1), 13 patients were diagnosed with vaginal prolapse (isolated or associated with cystocele), while the remaining 27 had a diagnosis of uterovaginal prolapse. In the Minilap group, the average procedure duration was 123.3 min, shorter than the Rob group (160.1 min). Conclusions: The data collected throughout this prospective study point to the mini-laparoscopic approach as being preferable over the robotic one in terms of surgical procedure length, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain, and aesthetic outcome. Hospital stay duration and post operative complication rates were similar for both groups. The innovative and ever-progressing nature of such procedures calls for novel standards prioritizing patient care as well as medicolegal viability.

Advantages of robotic surgery in the treatment of complex pelvic organs prolapse.

Robot-assisted surgery is safe and effective to treat the complex pelvic organs prolapse (C-POP). The present study analyzes all the robotic procedures and their advantages in the treatment of C-POP performed in a Proctologic and Pelvic Floor Clinical Centre. All the patients affected by C-POP who had robot-assisted surgery were retrospective analyzed. The anatomical and functional outcomes were respectively evaluated through POP-Q grading system and Wexner score about constipation and incontinence. The satisfaction rate was investigated using a five-point scale. From September 2014 to December 2018, 229 women underwent robotic surgery. The follow-up was 12 months. There were no robot-related complications. One hematoma (4.5%) of the recto-vaginal space occurred after Robotic Ventral Rectopexy with Folded Mesh (R-VRP-FM). In the robotic assisted lateral suspension (R-ALS) group there was one case of anterior vaginal wall mesh exposure (0.9%). After the robotic ventral rectopexy (R-VRP) the recurrence rate of external rectal prolapse, internal rectal prolapse, rectocele and enterocele was respectively 6.6, 9.5, 7.4 and 9.5%. After R-VRP-FM only one cystocele (14%) and one partial rectal prolapse (25%) recurred. Vaginal bulge symptoms resolution rate was 95.4%. The mean Wexner constipation score significantly decreased after R-VRP and R-VRP-FM. Vaginal bulge symptoms improved in 98.3% of cases with any apical prolapse recurrence after robotic abdominal colposacropexy. Success rate after R-ALS was 99.1% and 96.4% for apical and anterior prolapse respectively. Robotic assistance makes some surgical steps easier and more precise and this may result in less morbidity and better results.

Comparative study between patients undergoing laparoscopic colposacropexy with and without prior surgery for the treatment of apical prolapse. / Estudio comparativo entre pacientes sometidos a colposacropexia laparoscópica con y sin cirugía previa para el tratamiento del prolapso apical.

INTRODUCTION: Colposacropexy is the treatment of choice for apical prolapse. Studies comparing this technique as primary surgery for pelvic organprolapse (POP), with its success in recurrent POPs after surgery, are scarce. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a series of patients diagnosed with POP who underwent laparoscopic colposacropexy, comparing a group without previous prolapse surgery with another group that has recurred after previous surgery (with or without mesh). Our objective was to analyze the differences regarding surgical time (skin to skin), intraoperative complications, mean stay, resolution of symptoms and recurrence. As preoperative data, we compared: age, body mass index (BMI), parity, previous hysterectomy, physical examination, symptoms, and flowmetry; and as peri/postoperative data: follow-up, intervention duration, intra and postoperative complications, mean stay, physical examination (Baden-Walker classification), symptom resolution and flowmetry. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients have been operated on in 12 months. Nine (39.1%) were recurrent POPs after previous surgery, 6 (66.7%) of them with some type of mesh. Follow-up (mean months): 6.44 ± 4.19 (previous cx) vs. 4.79 ± 4.00. Both groups were comparable with respect to preoperative variables. Previously operated patients had greater dyspareunia (p<0.05). We did not find differences in the rest of symptoms between both groups. There were no differences in the duration of the intervention, mean stay, or regarding intraoperative complications (p>0.05) between both groups. Sensation of vaginal lump, urge incontinence and dyspareunia resolved in all patients. Flowmetry improved in both groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic colposacropexy is an effective and safe technique to correct POP after previous surgery, with or without mesh.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La colposacropexia es el tratamiento de elección para el prolapso apical. Los estudios que comparan esta técnica como cirugía primaria para el prolapso de órganos pélvicos (POP), consu éxito en los POP recidivados tras cirugía son escasos.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Análisis retrospectivo de una serie de pacientes con diagnóstico de POP sometidas a colposacropexia laparoscópica, comparando un grupo sin cirugía previa para el prolapso, con otro que ha recidivado tras cirugía previa (con o sin malla). Nuestro objetivo fue analizar las diferencias respecto al tiempo quirúrgico (de piel a piel), complicaciones intraoperatorias, estancia media, resolución de los síntomas y recidiva. Como datos preoperatorios se compararon: edad, índice de masa corporal (IMC), paridad, histerectomía previa, exploración física, sintomatología y flujometría; y como datos peri/postoperatorios: seguimiento, duración intervención, complicaciones intra y postoperatorias, estancia media, exploración física (clasificación Baden-Walker), resolución síntomas y flujometría.RESULTADOS: Han sido intervenidas 23 pacientes en12 meses. Nueve (39,1%) eran POP recidivados tras cirugía previa, 6 (66,7%) de ellas con algún tipo de malla. Seguimiento (media meses): 6,44 ± 4,19 (cx previa) vs 4,79 ± 4,00. Ambos grupos fueron comparables respecto a las variables preoperatorias. Las pacientes intervenidas previamente presentaban mayor dispareunia (p <0,05). No encontramos diferencias en el resto de síntomas entre ambos grupos. No hubo diferencias en duración de la intervención, estancia media, ni respecto a las complicaciones intraoperatorias (p>0,05) entre ambos grupos. La sensación de bultovaginal, la urge-incontinencia y la dispareunia se resolvieron en todas las pacientes. La flujometría mejoró en ambos grupos (p>0,05).CONCLUSIONES: La colposacropexia laparoscópica es una técnica eficaz y segura para la corrección del POP tras cirugía previa, con o sin malla.

Laparoscopic latero-abdominal colposuspension: Description of the technique, advantages and preliminary results. / Colposuspensión latero-abdominal laparoscópica: descripción, ventajas y resultados preliminares.

INTRODUCTION: There are currently various fixation or suspension techniques for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery. Laparoscopic colposacropexy is considered the gold standard. We present the surgical steps of the laparoscopic latero-abdominal colposuspension (LACS) technique and the preliminary results obtained. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with anterior and/or apical compartment symptomatic POP undergoing LACS are included. The Baden-Walker scale, the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire-Short Form (OAB-q SF), the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12) and the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale were used to assess the degree of prolapse, urinary filling and sexual symptoms and the level of satisfaction before and after surgery, respectively. Conventional laparoscopic material and a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) mesh were used. RESULTS: Eighteen patients were included with a minimum follow-up time of 6months. The mean surgical time was 70.3±23.8min. Anatomic correction of prolapse was seen in all cases. Only one recurrence was detected. High levels of patient satisfaction were achieved. CONCLUSION: LACS allowed the anatomical reconstruction of the pelvic floor and proved to be a minimally invasive, fast, effective, safe and reproducible technique. More series are needed to evaluate its role against laparoscopic colposacropexy.

Role of robotic surgery in functional urology.

Three-dimensional, high-definition images, small instruments with endowrist technology, ergonomic position and the easiness to teach, are possibly the main reasons why robotic surgery will continue to gain ground to others forms of surgery. The current applications of robotics in functional urology are: the correction of pelvic organ prolapse, the correction of female stress urinary incontinence (artificial urinary sphincter) and the treatment of chronic pelvic pain (pudendal nerveneurolysis). In this paper, we explain our robotic techniques in these three scenarios, as well as, provide the most updated data of our series.

Las imagen tridimensional de alta definición,los instrumentos pequeños con tecnología "endowrist"(endo-muñeca), la posición ergonómica y lafacilidad para enseñar son posiblemente las razonesprincipales por las que la cirugía robótica continuaráganando terreno sobre otras formas de cirugía. Las aplicacionesactuales de la robótica en urología funcionalson: la corrección del prolapso de órganos pélvicos, lacorrección de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (esfínterurinario artificial) y el tratamiento del dolor pélvicocrónico (neurolisis del nervio pudendo). En este artículoexplicamos nuestras técnicas robóticas en estos tres escenariosy también presentamos los datos más actualizadosde nuestras series.

Simplified laparoscopic sacropexy avoiding deep vaginal dissection.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a "simplified" laparoscopic sacropexy approach. METHODS: Data were retrospectively assessed from women with apical prolapse of stage 2 or higher who underwent "simplified" laparoscopic sacropexy between October 1, 2010, and May 31, 2017 at the St Anna Hospital, City of Health and Science, Torino, Italy. Patients were treated with the "simplified" laparoscopic sacropexy, where meshes were anchored solely to the vaginal apex, even in the presence of advanced multi-compartment vaginal prolapse. Data on prolapse stage and urogenital functions collected through clinical examinations, and questionnaires at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, and annually thereafter were examined. RESULTS: Overall, 121 women were included in the analysis; the mean follow-up was 33.2 months. Mean operative time was 135.1 minutes; there were no intraoperative visceral or vascular injuries. There was 1 (0.8%) patient who experienced recurrence, and 2 (1.7%) who experienced vaginal erosion. Both urogenital symptom scores (all P<0.05) and quality of life scores (all P<0.05) improved significantly. CONCLUSION: Adequate re-suspension of only the apex was sufficient to correct other vaginal compartments, even for women with preoperative multi-compartment prolapse higher than POP-Q stage 2. The "simplified" laparoscopic sacropexy was an efficacious intraoperative time-saving technique; it could reduce adverse events caused by deep vaginal dissection up to puborectal muscles and the bladder trigone.

Laparoscopic Nerve-Preserving Colposacropexy for Surgical Management of Neovaginal Prolapse.

BACKGROUND: Neovaginal prolapse occurs rarely, and a standard treatment has not yet been defined. CASE: We report 2 cases of patients with vaginal agenesis with a symptomatic neovaginal prolapse; one occurring 25 years after self-dilation and another occurring 24 years after sigmoid vaginoplasty. At 48 and 18 months after surgical treatment with laparoscopic nerve-preserving colposacropexy using 2 types of mesh and 2 kinds of sutures to anchor the mesh at the neovaginal wall, both women are asymptomatic and highly satisfied with the result, without prolapse recurrence or mesh/suture erosion. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: For the surgical management of neovaginal prolapse after sigmoid vaginoplasty and vagina creation after self-dilation, we recommend the nerve-preserving sacrocolpopexy as a safe method to achieve durable functional outcomes and good anatomic vaginal level I and II support.

Complicaciones postratamiento del prolapso apical: a propósito de un caso / Complications after the treatment of apical prolapse: A case report

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: El prolapso de órganos pélvicos es un problema que puede resolverse con una diversidad de técnicas quirúrgicas según su tipo y características personales de la paciente. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 81 años, originaria de Zaragoza, España, con índice de masa corporal de 41 kg/m2, hipertensión moderada y arritmia cardiaca, en tratamiento con acenocumarol y antihipertensivos de manera crónica. Antecedentes ginecológicos: tres embarazos de término que finalizaron en partos espontáneos, del segundo nació un niño de 4200 g. La paciente acudió a consulta por rectocele, corregido mediante la colocación de un pesario de anillo. El prolapso se complicó con rectoenterocele, que precisó corrección quirúrgica. Como consecuencia de la técnica quirúrgica elegida y por tratarse de una complicación frecuente de la vía de acceso (hematoma de la cúpula vaginal), la paciente sufrió una apertura vaginal a través de la que se hernió contenido intestinal. Después de evaluar el caso se decidió efectuar una nueva corrección quirúrgica que permitiera solucionar, simultáneamente, la hernia a través de la pared vaginal y la recidiva del prolapso apical. Hoy día se encuentra con adecuada evolución (12 meses del procedimiento quirúrgico), asintomática y sin complicaciones aparentes. CONCLUSIÓN: La cirugía del prolapso apical es compleja, debido a su amplia variedad de técnicas quirúrgicas y alto índice de recidiva. Es necesario conocer las diferentes vías de acceso para ofrecer la mejor solución a las pacientes.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Pelvic organ prolapse is a pathology that offers a variety of surgical techniques depending on the type of prolapse and the characteristics of the patient. CLINICAL CASE: Patient of 81 years born in Zaragoza (Spain) with a body mass index of 41kg / m2. It presents moderate hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia in treatment with anticoagulants. Requires treatment with acenocoumarol and antihypertensive in a chronic manner. Among the gynecological antecedents, there are three full-term pregnancies that ended with spontaneous deliveries, the second of them with a birth weight of 4,200gr. In this case, we present an elderly patient who initially presented a rectocele corrected initially using a pessary of the ring. The prolapse evolved presenting a rectoenterocele that required surgical correction. As a consequence of the chosen surgical technique and a frequent complication of the vaginal approach, such as a vaginal cuff hematoma, the patient suffered a vaginal opening through which intestinal contents were herniated. After evaluating the case, a new surgical correction was required that would allow the simultaneous resolution of the hernia through the vaginal wall that presented and the recurrence of the apical prolapse. Today is the right evolution (12 months of the surgical event), asymptomatic and without apparent complications. CONCLUSION: Prolapse surgery is complex due to its wide variety of surgical techniques and its high rate of recurrence. It is necessary to be aware of the different approaches to be able to offer the best solutions to our patients.

Culdoplastía de Mayo o colposacropexia abdominal en la corrección del prolapso de la cúpula vaginal poshisterectomía / Mayo culdoplasty or abdominal colposacropexy in correction of post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los resultados de la culdoplastía de Mayo con la colposacropexia abdominal en la corrección del prolapso de la cúpula vaginal poshisterectomía. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 155 pacientes con prolapso de cúpula vaginal poshisterectomía en las que se procedió a la corrección quirúrgica entre febrero 2013 y noviembre 2017. Se realizó seguimiento para evaluar la satisfacción del paciente y el resultado a largo plazo. La edad promedio de las pacientes al momento de la cirugía fue de 67,1 +/- 5,6 años y 69,0 % de las pacientes tenían antecedentes de haber sido sometidas a histerectomía abdominal. El tiempo medio entre la histerectomía y la cirugía de corrección fue de 16,9 +/- 3,6 años. Ciento diecinueve pacientes se sometieron a abordaje vaginal utilizando la técnica de culdoplastía de Mayo (grupo A) y 36 pacientes se sometieron a colposacropexia abdominal (grupo B). Durante la cirugía se produjeron tres casos (2,5 %) de lesión vesical inadvertida en el grupo A. En el grupo A se observaron 2 casos de recurrencia comparado con un solo caso en las pacientes del grupo B (p = ns). Al analizar la satisfacción de la cirugía, 84,9 % de las pacientes del grupo A y 77,7 % de las pacientes del grupo B se declararon satisfechas con los resultados quirúrgicos. Se concluye que la corrección del prolapso de la cúpula vaginal mediante colposacropexia abdominal y culdoplastía de Mayo son procedimientos seguros y efectivos.

The aim of this study was to compare the results of the Mayo culdoplasty with abdominal colposacropexy in the correction of post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse. Medical records of 155 patients with post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse were reviewed in which the surgical correction was carried out between February 2013 and November 2017. Follow-up was performed to evaluate the patient's satisfaction and the long-term result. The average age of the patients at the time of surgery was 67.1 +/- 5.6 years and 69.0% of the patients had a history of having undergone an abdominal hysterectomy. The mean time between hysterectomy and correction surgery was 16.9 +/- 3.6 years. One hundred and nineteen patients underwent vaginal access using the Mayo culdoplasty technique (group A) and 36 patients underwent abdominal colposacropexy (group B). During surgery there were three cases (2,5 %) of inadvertent bladder injury in group A. In group A, 2 cases of recurrence were observed compared with a single case in patients in group B (p = ns). When analyzing the satisfaction of the surgery, 84,9 % of the patients of group A and 77,7 % of the patients of group B declared themselves satisfied with the surgical results. It is concluded that the correction of vaginal vault prolapse by abdominal colposacropexy and Mayo culdoplasty are safe and effective procedures.

Surgical techniques: robot-assisted laparoscopic colposacropexy with the da Vinci(®) surgical system.

Colposacropexy is the gold-standard operation for repair of apical vaginal support defects. While it is feasible to perform this operation using conventional laparoscopic techniques, a limited number of surgeons have mastered the advanced minimally invasive skills that are required. Introduction of the da Vinci(®) robotic system with instruments that have improved dexterity and precision and a camera system with three-dimensional imaging presents an opportunity for more surgeons treating women with pelvic organ prolapse to perform the procedure laparoscopically. This paper will outline a technique that is exactly modeled after the open procedure for completion of a robotic-assisted colposacropexy using the da Vinci(®) surgical system.

Tratamiento del prolapso de órgano pélvico con colposacropexia larascópica experiencia en una unidad de uroginecología / Laparoscopy colposacropexy in tratment of pelvic organ prolapse: experience of a unit of uroginecology

Introducción. La colposacropexia abdominal es el gold standard para el tratamiento del prolapso de órgano pélvico (POP) con componente apical ya que permite el tratamiento de todos los compartimentos, con buenos resultados anatómicos y subjetivos, con bajas tasas de recidiva. La laparoscopía ofrece los beneficios de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva, manteniendo los resultados de su contraparte abierta. Nuestro objetivo es dar a conocer los resultados de una serie de colposacropexia laparoscópica en una unidad de uroginecología. Material y métodos. Se realizó la técnica en 69 pacientes con POP sintomático. En las pacientes con incontinencia de orina por esfuerzo se instaló un sling suburetral. Se comparó el descenso anatómico pre y postoperatorio de acuerdo a la clasificación POP-Q. Se definió éxito como un descenso no mayor al 1/3 proximal vaginal para el compartimento apical y no mayor al punto 0 para los compartimentos anterior y posterior. Se evaluó la mejoría subjetiva con la escala PGI-I. Se consideró éxito un índice no superior a 3. Se registraron las complicaciones intraoperatorias y postoperatorias.Resultados. Con un seguimiento promedio de 11.8 meses, la tasa de éxito anatómico fue 95 por ciento y la tasa de éxito subjetivo un 82 por ciento. El total de complicaciones pre y postoperatorias fue 16 por ciento con dos casos de complicaciones grado III. Diez pacientes presentaron incontinencia urinaria de novo y 4 fracasaron a un sling suburetral.Conclusión. Con un seguimiento promedio de un año, la colposacropexia laparoscópicaparece ser una técnica eficaz y segura para el tratamiento del POP con componente apical.(AU)

Introduction. Abdominal sacrocolpopexy is the gold standard in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) including the apical segment since it allows the correction of all three segments with high success rates and a low recurrence rate. The laparoscopic approach offers the advantages on minimally invasive surgery with equivalent efficacy. Our objective is to describe our experience performing laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy in a urogynecology unit. Material y Methods. Sixty nine patients with symptomatic POP underwent the technique. Those presenting with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) had a suburethral sling. The anatomic improvement was evaluated with the POP-Q system. Success was defined by apical descent not superior than 1/3 of the proximal vagina and anterior and posterior walls not below point0. The symptomatic outcome was evaluated with the PGI-I index. Success was defined by PGI-I not superior to 3. We recorded intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results. With a mean follow-up of 11.8 months, the objective success rate was 95 pertcent while symptomatic success was 82 pertcent. Total complication rate was 16 pertcent , two of which were grade III complications. Ten patients presented with de novo SUI and 4 failed to a suburethral sling. Conclusion. With a mean follow-up of one year, laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is effective and safe treatment for symptomatic apical POP.(AU)