A global community-sourced assessment of the state of conservation technology.

Conservation technology holds the potential to vastly increase conservationists' ability to understand and address critical environmental challenges, but systemic constraints appear to hamper its development and adoption. Understanding of these constraints and opportunities for advancement remains limited. We conducted a global online survey of 248 conservation technology users and developers to identify perceptions of existing tools' current performance and potential impact, user and developer constraints, and key opportunities for growth. We also conducted focus groups with 45 leading experts to triangulate findings. The technologies with the highest perceived potential were machine learning and computer vision, eDNA and genomics, and networked sensors. A total of 95%, 94%, and 92% respondents, respectively, rated them as very helpful or game changers. The most pressing challenges affecting the field as a whole were competition for limited funding, duplication of efforts, and inadequate capacity building. A total of 76%, 67%, and 55% respondents, respectively, identified these as primary concerns. The key opportunities for growth identified in focus groups were increasing collaboration and information sharing, improving the interoperability of tools, and enhancing capacity for data analyses at scale. Some constraints appeared to disproportionately affect marginalized groups. Respondents in countries with developing economies were more likely to report being constrained by upfront costs, maintenance costs, and development funding (p = 0.048, odds ratio [OR] = 2.78; p = 0.005, OR = 4.23; p = 0.024, OR = 4.26), and female respondents were more likely to report being constrained by development funding and perceived technical skills (p = 0.027, OR = 3.98; p = 0.048, OR = 2.33). To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to formally capture the perspectives and needs of the global conservation technology community, providing foundational data that can serve as a benchmark to measure progress. We see tremendous potential for this community to further the vision they define, in which collaboration trumps competition; solutions are open, accessible, and interoperable; and user-friendly processing tools empower the rapid translation of data into conservation action. Article impact statement: Addressing financing, coordination, and capacity-building constraints is critical to the development and adoption of conservation technology.

La tecnología de conservación tiene el potencial para incrementar considerablemente la habilidad de los conservacionistas para entender y lidiar con los retos ambientales más importantes, pero las restricciones sistémicas parecen dificultar su desarrollo y adopción. La comprensión de estas restricciones y las oportunidades para el avance todavía son limitadas. Encuestamos en línea a 248 usuarios y programadores mundiales de tecnología de conservación para identificar las percepciones existentes del desempeño e impacto potencial de las herramientas actuales, restricciones para los usuarios y programadores y oportunidades clave para el crecimiento. También realizamos grupos de discusión con 45 expertos destacados para triangular los hallazgos. Las tecnologías con el potencial percibido más alto fueron el aprendizaje mecánico y la visión por computadora, la genómica y el eADN y los sensores en red. El 95%, 94% y 92% de los respondientes, respectivamente, clasificó estas tecnologías como muy útiles o como puntos de inflexión. Los retos más apremiantes que afectaron al área como conjunto fueron la competencia por el financiamiento limitado, la duplicación de esfuerzos y el desarrollo inadecuado de capacidades. El 76%, 67% y 55% de los respondientes, respectivamente, identificaron estos retos como de interés primario. Las oportunidades clave para el crecimiento que se identificaron en los grupos de diálogo fueron el incremento de la colaboración y la distribución de información, la mejoría de la operatividad entre herramientas y la potenciación de la capacidad de análisis de datos a escala. Algunas restricciones parecieron afectar desproporcionadamente a grupos marginalizados. Los respondientes de países con economías en desarrollo tuvieron mayor probabilidad de reportar la restricción por los costos iniciales, costos de mantenimiento y la financiación del desarrollo (p = 0.048, tasa de probabilidad [OR] = 2.78; p = 0.005, OR = 4.23; p = 0.024, OR = 4.26), y las mujeres respondientes tuvieron una mayor probabilidad de reportar restricciones por la financiación del desarrollo y habilidades técnicas percibidas (p = 0.027, OR = 3.98; p = 0.048, OR = 2.33). A nuestro entendimiento, este es el primero intento por capturar formalmente las perspectivas y necesidades de la comunidad mundial de la tecnología de conservación, proporcionando datos fundamentales que pueden servir como referencia para medir el progreso. Vemos un potencial tremendo para que esta comunidad amplíe la visión que definen, en la cual la colaboración se sobrepone a la competencia; las soluciones son abierta, accesibles e interoperativas; y las herramientas intuitivas de procesamiento capacitan la traducción veloz de datos a acciones de conservación.

Do primary health centres and hospitals contribute equally towards achievement of the transversal clinical competencies of medical students? Performance on the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in competency acquisition.

OBJECTIVES: The adaptation of the educational programmes of European faculties of medicine to the European Higher Education Area guidelines has focused curricula design on competence acquisition. Competencies are defined as the achievements of a predetermined level of efficacy in real-world scenarios. Our objective was to assess whether performance on a common competence evaluation test, the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), resulted in different scores for second-year students after a practical medical training course took place in a primary health centre (PHC) or in a hospital. DESIGN: A descriptive study was conducted during the 2010-2014 academic year of the OSCE test scores obtained by all second-year students. LOCATION: Faculty of Medicine at the University of Lleida (Catalonia, Spain). MAIN MEASUREMENTS: We performed a correlation analysis between students who completed their practical medical training at the PHC and hospitals utilising Student's t-test for comparison of means. RESULTS: 423 students who completed internships at the PHC and at hospitals obtained OSCE mean scores of 7.32 (SD; IC) (0.82; 7.18-7.47) points and 7.17 (0.83; 6.07-7.26) points, respectively (p=0.07). CONCLUSIONS: Second-year medical students acquired similar competency levels in the two analysed training scenarios. The two areas both serve their teaching purpose.

Innovation and new trends in critical trauma disease.

The management of critical trauma disease (CTD) has always trends the trends in military war experiences. These conflicts have historically revolutionized clinical concepts, clinical practice guidelines and medical devices, and have marked future lines of research and aspects of training and learning in severe trauma care. Moreover, in the civil setting, the development of intensive care, technological advances and the testing of our healthcare systems in the management of multiple victims, hasve also led to a need for innovation in our trauma care systems.

Innovation and technology transfer in the health sciences: a cross-sectional perspective.

This article is based on the strategic reflection and discussion that took place on occasion of the first conference on innovation and technology transfer in the health sciences organized by the REGIC-ENS-FENIN-SEMICYUC and held in Madrid in the Instituto de Salud Carlos III on May 7th, 2013, with the aim of promoting the transfer of technological innovation in medicine and health care beyond the European program "Horizon 2020". The presentations dealt with key issues such as evaluation of the use of new technologies, the need to impregnate the decisions related to adoption and innovation with the concepts of value and sustainability, and the implication of knowledge networks in the need to strengthen their influence upon the creation of a "culture of innovation" among health professionals. But above all, emphasis was placed on the latent innovation potential of hospitals, and the fact that these, being the large companies that they are, should seriously consider that much of their future sustainability may depend on proper management of their ability to generate innovation, which is not only the generation of ideas but also their transformation into products or processes that create value and economic returns.

[Consensus measurement of innovation in physical medicine and rehabilitation]. / Medida por consenso del estado de la innovación en medicina física y rehabilitación.

OBJECTIVE: To measure by consensus the level of innovation and its potential within the physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) medical specialists. METHOD: Three consecutive techniques are applied using digital tools for consensus among professionals, first synchronously to a group of 17 professionals; posteriorly extended to a group of 169 professionals who participate asynchronously and the third technique is done synchronously with 25 physiatrists. RESULTS: The analysis of the consensus done by the PM&R physicians on the innovation potential of the group during October and November 2020 shows: starting situation, strengths and weaknesses, as well as their innovation priorities. CONCLUSIONS: PM&R physicians believe that innovation could improve the cost-effectiveness of their departments, and could increase their clinical efficiency, also that to innovate they need a close relationship with the industry.

Augmented reality in hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery: a technology at your fingertips.

Augmented reality is a technology that opens new possibilities in surgery. We present our experience in a hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery unit in terms of preoperative planning, intraoperative support and teaching. For surgical planning, we have used 3D CT and MRI reconstructions to evaluate complex cases, which has made the interpretation of the anatomy more precise and the planning of the technique simpler. At an intraoperative level, it provides for remote holographic connection between specialists, the substitution of physical elements for virtual elements, and the use of virtual consultation models and surgical guides. In teaching, new lessons include sharing live video of surgery with the support of virtual elements for a better student understanding. As the experience has been satisfactory, augmented reality could be applied in the future to improve the results of hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery.

Sistema inteligente para la gestión de la demanda en atención primaria.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The Galician Health Service designed a system to improve demand management in primary care known as "XIDE". In it, all professionals participate in an interdisciplinary manner and within their competence framework, to respond to a reason for consultation in a certain time and manner. This article evaluates the pilot phase of implementation of XIDE in primary care of the Galician Health Service. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in 45 primary care centers selected opportunistically at the discretion of the management of the Galician Health Service. For each center, were included all on-demand appointments requested by the adult population in the administrative units in person or by telephone, between 11/2021-05/2022. The XIDE integrates an intelligent search engine that, through algorithms, guides the administrative staff to make an appointment on demand. It performed a descriptive analysis of all the variables, as well as a bivariate analysis with chi-square to identify the causes of the population's rejection of XIDE. RESULTS: The three most frequent reasons for consultation were: knowing the results of the analysis (11.2%), performing blood tests (11.2%) and prescriptions for drugs (10.9%). Family medicine and nursing professionals are the ones who received the most citations. 22.1% of the appointments required to be scheduled on the same day or immediately. The acceptance of the population to the XIDE system was 85.0%. The reason for consultation, response time, mode of care and the recipient professional had a significant influence (p<0.0001) on the rejection of the appointment. CONCLUSIONS: The XIDE adapts globally well to the appointment systems and the organization of primary care of the Galician Health Service, which could facilitate its extension to all health centers in Galicia. However, it is necessary to delve deeper into the causes of rejection in order to introduce improvements that guarantee its viability in the medium-long term.

DIABESCAPE: An innovative educational project on diabetes.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a gamification-based educational intervention to improve knowledge about diabetes, targeting GCSE-level vocational training students who will work in the field of social/health care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental study aimed at further education students in Auxiliary Nursing Care and Care of People in a Situation of Dependency at the educational centres in the Autonomous Region of Navarra. After assessing the students' prior knowledge, a random draw was carried out to determine which classes would form part of the control group and which the intervention group. In the traditional programme, a one-and-a-half-hour session was held and in the innovation programme, they had an Escape Room with a brief explanation lasting a total of two hours. In both educational programmes, they completed a pre-test and then a post-test one week after the interventions to assess the degree of knowledge acquisition, in addition to a satisfaction questionnaire. The project ran from October 2019 to February 2020. RESULTS: 302 students took part (162 from the intervention group and 140 from the control group) with a mean age of 18.4 years; 87.4% were female; and 52.7% were studying in vocational training in Care for People in a Situation of Dependency. The post-test knowledge score was 32.70 (SD 10.637) in the control group and 38.07 (SD 11.421) in the intervention group (p = 0.000). Meanwhile the level of satisfaction was 8.19 (SD 1.594) in the control group and 8.60 (SD 1.163) in the intervention group (p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS: Gamified education enhances knowledge acquisition with respect to the traditional methodology and improves student satisfaction. Further studies are needed to verify the effectiveness of these innovative educational methods in the medium and long term.

[Practical considerations for implementing health outcomes measurement projects within a healthcare organization: Delphi Expert Consensus Study]. / Consideraciones prácticas para la implementación de proyectos de medición de resultados en salud en una organización sanitaria: Estudio Delphi de consenso de expertos.

INTRODUCTION: Measuring health outcomes and costs per patient is an essential element of value-based healthcare (VBHC). The aim of the study was to generate expert consensus on the activities required to implement it. METHODS: A two-round modified Delphi study with healthcare professionals, quality and clinical management methodologists and managers with academic and/or practical experience in outcome measurement projects. A median equal to or greater than 4 and a relative interquartile range (RIQR) equal to or greater than 25% were established as consensus criteria. RESULTS: Consensus was obtained on 91% of the items (N=74/81). In terms of feasibility, the items that received the highest score and consensus were the existence of data protection guarantees (median=5; mean=4.8; RIQR=0%), the vision and motivation of healthcare professionals (median=5; mean=4.7; RIQR=20%), the existence and availability of ICT tools (or systems) for data recording (median=5; mean=4.5; RIQR=20%), and having sufficient funding to undertake the project (median=5; mean=4.2; RIQR=20%). The most highly rated factors adding complexity were the number of units or departments involved in the care process for the clinical condition (median=5; mean=4.4; RIQR=20%), having an accepted set of monitoring indicators for the condition (median=5; mean=4.4; RIQR=20%), and the involvement of several levels of care in the project (median=5; mean=4.3; RIQR=20%). CONCLUSIONS: We describe practical aspects for the application of systematic outcomes measurement in routine clinical practice. These results can serve as a tool for prioritising, sizing, resource planning, and estimating implementation costs.

[Applicability of innovation in clinical nutrition]. / Aplicabilidad de la innovación en la nutrición clínica.

INTRODUCTION: The health industry has experienced great innovation and will continue to do so in the coming years. The term innovation comes from "outside to inside" driven by the need for knowledge and research to truly translate into effective improvements (hence the sequence from Research and Development to Innovation: R+D+I); but it also comes from "bottom up" as a drive of the health organization (based, as few others, on knowledge as a fundamental asset) to give way to their creativity and their ability to find new solutions to old and new problems. The current health system must advance in the development of a more global and integrated philosophy of care, which allows dealing with the consequences of aging and the increase in chronic diseases and dependence, which represent an increase in the demand for care. In the medium-long term, a care logic based on individual characteristics from the molecular perspective should be promoted, which is known as 5P medicine (personalized, preventive, predictive, participatory and population), also called personalized medicine, a paradigm that has already initiated its entry, slow and uneven, in health systems. And it must also adapt to a society with more informed and participatory people in the management of their own health, which increasingly use technologies whose development speed grows exponentially. Taking into account these characteristics and objectives, in this article we seek to define the fundamental features of the intersection between innovation and clinical nutrition.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La industria de la salud ha experimentado una gran innovación y lo seguirá haciendo en los próximos años. El término innovación viene de "fuera a dentro" impulsado por la necesidad de que el conocimiento y la investigación se traduzcan realmente en mejoras efectivas (de ahí la secuencia desde la investigación y desarrollo hacia la innovación: I+D+i); pero también viene de "abajo hacia arriba" como una pulsión de la organización sanitaria (basada, como pocas otras, en el conocimiento como activo fundamental) para dar salida a su creatividad y su capacidad de encontrar nuevas soluciones a viejos y nuevos problemas. El sistema sanitario actual debe avanzar en el desarrollo de una filosofía de cuidados más global e integrada que permita hacer frente a las consecuencias derivadas del envejecimiento y el aumento de las enfermedades crónicas y de la dependencia, que suponen un aumento de la demanda de atención. A medio-largo plazo se deberá potenciar una lógica de cuidados basada en las características individuales desde la perspectiva molecular, lo que se conoce como medicina 5P (personalizada, preventiva, predictiva, participativa y poblacional), igualmente denominada personalizada, un paradigma que ya ha iniciado su entrada, lenta y desigual, en los sistemas sanitarios. Y deberá adaptarse además a una sociedad con personas más informadas y participativas en la gestión de su propia salud, que de manera creciente utilizan tecnologías cuya velocidad de desarrollo crece exponencialmente. Teniendo en cuentas estas características y objetivos, en este artículo buscamos definir los rasgos fundamentales de la intersección entre innovación y nutrición clínica.

[Survey on innovation in the teaching of Geriatrics at the Spanish Medical Schools]. / Encuesta sobre innovación en la docencia de Geriatría en las Facultades de Medicina españolas.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the innovations in teaching of Geriatrics at the Spanish Medical Schools. METHODOLOGY: Interviews with those responsible for Geriatrics teaching at the Spanish Medical Schools through a short online survey. Existing Geriatrics curricula and responsible professors were identified by reviewing the curricula of the different Medical Schools. RESULTS: 35 of the 42 Medical Schools incorporated teaching in Geriatrics in 2019 with an answer rate of 94.3%. Regarding Geriatrics training it stand out classic methods (master classes, clinical rotations, and theoretical seminars), followed by innovation of teaching programs (clinical simulation and use of new technologies). While OSCE and portfolio stand out among the innovative evaluation tools of Geriatrics teaching. Of the 33 Medical Schools with Geriatrics teaching surveyed, 60.6% of them included the use of at least one innovative teaching or evaluation methodology. CONCLUSIONS: Although the classical model predominates as a teaching methodology in Geriatrics, different innovations are also used in the undergraduate teaching in Spain. It is necessary to continue working in this area that may help a better level of skills in Geriatrics for our students.

Fundamentals and implementation of Microbiological Diagnostic Stewardship Programs. / Fundamentos e implementación de Programas de Optimización de Diagnóstico Microbiológico.

Microbiological diagnostic stewardship programs promote coordinated measures aimed at optimizing the use of diagnostic techniques, thus favouring the adoption of adequate and cost-effective therapeutic, clinical and preventive decisions. The implementation of microbiological diagnostic stewardship relies upon the creation of multidisciplinary committees led by clinical microbiologists for the design of diagnostic algorithms, the adequacy of the laboratory computer system to monitor the relevance of the requested diagnostic tests, the implementation of a quality control system, the design and performance of studies of cost-effectiveness, the training of the petitioner and the technical and nursing staff and the continuous evaluation of the program. The incorporation of microbiological diagnostic stewardship in routine care reports tangible benefits for the patient while strengthening the pivotal role of the clinical microbiologist in the management of infectious diseases.

Robotic-like suturing with FlexDex Surgical System® for difficult laparoscopic suture. / Sutura laparoscópica mecanizada con FlexDex Surgical System® para ubicaciones anatómicamente difíciles.

The field of laparoscopic surgery has experienced an exponential growth in recent years. Despite great progress in this field, standard laparoscopic tools have not been optimally developed and still has some deficiencies when it comes to mobility and ergonomics. Robotic surgery has attempted to solve these problems by improving the articulation of surgical instruments. However, it presents a series of disadvantages, among which are its high cost, low availability and the need of a specific training, which conditions its profitability and hinders a widespread use. We present the results of a prospective clinical series of 20 cases in which the safety, efficacy and ergonomics of FlexDex® have been tested for performing laparoscopic intracorporeal sutures. The result is a safe and functional tool that offers both control and precision in its handling, while improves the ergonomics of the surgeon. This device represents an alternative that combines the precision and range of movements of robotic surgery with the greater availability of conventional laparoscopy.

[Quo vadis in vaccines: From the empirical approach to the new wave of technology]. / Quo vadis en vacunas: desde la aproximación empírica a la nueva oleada tecnológica.

The development of vaccines is a multifactorial process that has evolved and expanded, particularly over the last decades. The search for immunogenic vaccines that are also acceptably safe and tolerable enacted continuous technological advances in this field. In this regard, the technology applied to vaccines can historically be divided into 3 approaches: the empirical approach, the modern approach, and the new technological wave. The empirical approach for vaccine development includes whole micro-organisms, attenuation, inactivation, cell cultures and sub-unit vaccines. The modern approach contributed to leaps and bounds to vaccine development using chemical conjugation, as well as recombinant protein DNA technology and reverse vaccinology. Lastly, the new technological wave includes, among others, bioconjugation, viral vectors, synthetic biology, self-amplification of messenger RNA, generalized modules for membrane antigens, structural vaccinology and the new adjuvants.

Attendee Survey and Practical Appraisal of a Telegram®-Based Dermatology Congress During the COVID-19 Confinement. / Congreso virtual de dermatología realizado a través de Telegram® durante el confinamiento de la COVID-19: organización y evaluación.

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak introduced dramatic changes in all our lives, daily practice, and medical conferences. In search of a tool to spread dermatologic knowledge during confinement, an online medical meeting was held on April 25th to 26th, 2020. In this study, we aimed to assess the characteristics, opinion and satisfaction of the attendees to a free-of-charge online congress. Secondarily, we intended to explain how this meeting was prepared. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Online survey administered to the attendees to an online congress organised via the Telegram® Messenger App. Its organisation and planning, which needed no financial support and was done by volunteer organisers, moderators and speakers, is described step by step. RESULTS: The satisfaction of both speakers and attendees was very high. All participants considered that this format had a great present and future, and most of them rated it as superior to regular face-to-face meetings. Female gender and predominantly private practice favoured this opinion. DISCUSSION: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the cancellation of most scientific gatherings. This has been seen by some authors as an excellent opportunity, encouraging medical societies and organisations to lead the change to virtual meetings. Although confinement did not allow real contact, our online meeting showed it was possible to ensure interaction and participation between attendees, moderators and speakers. Dermatologists enjoyed some dermatologic science, even despite the extraordinary circumstances disrupting their daily clinical practice. Most of them felt they were participating in something new and compelling that many felt superior to traditional meetings.

[Effective implementation of the Quadruple Helix-Based Innovation Model for active ageing]. / Implantación efectiva de la Cuádruple Hélice basada en el Modelo de Innovación en envejecimiento activo.

This paper shows an experience of the practical implementation of the Quadruple Helix-Based Innovation Model of Reference Sites of the European Commission through the Design Thinking method. This method establishes that, in order to successfully achieve the design of a digital solution, five unavoidable phases must be covered: empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. The process was approached using the research action design. Qualitative data collection and analysis techniques were applied in each phase: qualitative meta-synthesis, focus groups, biographical interviews, professional and community forums and techniques of prototyping and testing with users. The systematic application of this method has facilitated the consolidation of a cooperative work model in which the main key agents in active and healthy ageing interact. Thus, products and services have been developed to better meet the needs of the users, making them an active part of the creation process.

La Economía Circular desde la perspectiva de la empresa estatal cubana: ¿ oportunidad o necesidad en la condiciones actuales? / The Circular Economy from the perspective of the Cuban state enterprise: ¿opportunity o necessity in current condition?

La Economía Circular (EC) se ha posicionado como una alternativa viable ante la insostenibilidad del modelo económico lineal. Hoy este constituye una temática que está en el centro del debate y de todas las agendas de gobierno y Cuba no puede ser la excepción. El presente artículo persigue como objetivo principal diagnosticar el estado de la economía circular en Cuba desde la perspectiva de las empresas estatales. En este sentido se parte de sistematizar las ventajas de la aplicación de modelos circulares en el país. Se particulariza en el estudio por sectores que han avanzado en la aplicación del paradigma circular y se concluye con una propuesta de acciones estratégicas a seguir para expandir las prácticas circulares en el país, las cuales son validadas según criterio de los principales usuarios responsables de su implementación a través de la técnica de IADOV

The Circular Economy (CE) has positioned itself as aviable alternative to the unsustainability of the linear economic model. Today this is an issue that is at the center of the debate and of all government agendas, and Cuba cannot be the exception. The main objective of this article is to diagnose the state of the circular economy in Cuba from the perspective of public enterprises. e study is particularized to analyze separately the advance of the different sectors in the application of the circular paradigm. It concludes with a proposal of strategic actions to be followed to expand circular practices in the country, which are validated according to the criteria of the main users responsible for their implementation through the IADOV technique

Artificial intelligence, applications and challenges in simulation-based education

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has taken the world by "surprise" due to the lack of regulation over this technological innovation which, while promising application opportunities in different fields of knowledge, including education, simultaneously generates concern, rejection and even fear. In the field of Health Sciences Education, clinical simulation has transformed educational practice; however, its formal insertion is still heterogeneous, and we are now facing a new technological revolution where AI has the potential to transform the way we conceive its application.

El rápido avance de la inteligencia artificial (IA) ha tomado al mundo por "sorpresa" debido a la falta de regulación sobre esta innovación tecnológica, que si bien promete oportunidades de aplicación en diferentes campos del conocimiento, incluido el educativo, también genera preocupación e incluso miedo y rechazo. En el campo de la Educación en Ciencias de la Salud la Simulación Clínica ha transformado la práctica educativa; sin embargo, aún es heterogénea su inserción formal, y ahora nos enfrentamos a una nueva revolución tecnológica, en la que las IA tienen el potencial de transformar la manera en que concebimos su aplicación.

Auditorías: su impacto en los costos de evaluación del proceso innovación en la universidad médica de Matanzas

Introducción: Medir el desempeño de las actividades científicas y de innovación a través de las auditorías, obedece a la escasa disponibilidad de recursos y a la consecuente necesidad de concursar por ellos. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de las auditorias de calidad y académicas sobre los costos de evaluación en el proceso Gestión de la Innovación en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una investigación científica, explicativa, que se fundamenta en el paradigma mixto, donde se aplicó el procedimiento para el cálculo de los costos de la calidad. Resultados: Se observó una disminución en los costos de prevención, de un 53 % a un 50 %. No así en los costos de evaluación, donde ascendieron de un 15 % a 31 %, por concepto de gastos incurridos en los procesos de auditorías. Conclusiones: El empleo de las auditorias académicas y de calidad como herramientas de control induce a un incremento en los costos de evaluación de la calidad, lo que favorece una mayor eficiencia en los resultados del proceso de gestión de la innovación de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas.

Introduction: Measuring the performance of scientific and innovation activities through audits, is due to the limited availability of resources and the consequent need to compete for them. Objective: To assess the impact of quality and academic audits on evaluation costs in the Innovation Management process at the Matanzas University of Medical Sciences. Materials and methods: A scientific, explanatory investigation was carried out, based on the mixed paradigm, where the procedure for the calculation of quality costs was applied. Results: A decrease in prevention costs was observed, from 53% to 50%. Not so in the evaluation costs where they rose from 15% to 31% due to expenses incurred in the audit processes. Conclusions: The use of academic and quality audits as control tools induces an increase in the costs of quality evaluation, which favors greater efficiency in the results of the innovation management process of the Matanzas University of Medical Sciences.

Tecnologia e inovação na formação profissional: uma análise crítica / Tecnología e innovación en la formación profesional: un análisis crítico / Technology and innovation in professional education: a critical analysis

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar os efeitos psicossociais que as áreas de tecnologia e inovação ganharam na atualidade bem como seus impactos na formação profissional. Para tanto, a pesquisa conta com um breve resgate histórico no qual apresentamos como os elementos da inovação tecnológica produzem efeitos locais e históricos que se tornam norteadores da vida urbana contemporânea. A parte empírica apresenta um estudo qualitativo descritivo que conta com depoimentos de cinco docentes engenheiros que atuam em uma universidade pública federal localizada no interior do estado do Paraná. Os resultados demonstram que essa área é conectada às prescrições voltadas ao desempenho laboral e ao enaltecimento do uso da tecnologia no cotidiano. Com isso, ela fica distante de uma análise crítica sobre os efeitos psicossociais trazidos por tais aplicações, especialmente no que se refere à colocação profissional. Como conclusão parcial, destaca-se que as práticas voltadas para a tecnologia e a inovação atendem a demandas populacionais, empresariais e governamentais de diferentes tipos, reafirmando sua importância para a organização social. Ao mesmo tempo, tornou-se evidente o quanto a área carece de uma análise crítica acerca de suas ações na esfera da inclusão e exclusão sociais.

El objetivo de este estudio consiste en analizar los efectos psicosociales que las áreas de tecnología e innovación ganaron en la actualidad, así como sus impactos en la formación profesional. Para tanto, la investigación cuenta con un breve rescate histórico en el cual presentamos como los elementos de la innovación tecnológica producen efectos locales e históricos que se vuelvan orientadores de la vida urbana contemporánea. La parte empírica presenta un estudio cualitativo descriptivo que cuenta con testimonios de cinco docentes ingenieros que actúan en una universidad pública federal localizada en el interior del estado de Paraná. Los resultados apuntan que esa área es conectada a las prescripciones volcadas al desempeño laboral y al reconocimiento del uso de la tecnología en el cotidiano. Con eso, ella se queda distante de un análisis crítico sobre los efectos psicosociales traídos por tales aplicaciones, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la colocación profesional. Como conclusión parcial, se pone de relieve que las prácticas volcadas a la tecnología y la innovación atenden a las demandas de populaciones, empresariales y gubernamentales de distintos tipos, reafirmando su importancia para a organización social. A la vez, se volvió evidente lo cuanto el área necesita de un análisis crítico acerca de sus acciones en la esfera de la inclusión y exclusión sociales.

This study aims to analyze the psychosocial effects gained by technology and innovation areas nowadays, as well as their impacts on professional education. To this end, this research includes a brief historical overview in which we present how elements of technological innovation produce local and historical effects that guide contemporary urban life. The empirical section presents a descriptive qualitative study that includes statements from five engineering professors who work at a public university located in the interior of the state of Paraná, Brazil. The results indicate that engineering is connected to prescriptions focused on work performance and the endorsement of technology use in daily life. Thus, it remains distant from a critical analysis of the psychosocial effects brought about by technological innovations, particularly concerning job placement. As a partial conclusion, we highlight that practices related to technology and innovation meet the demands of different types of populations, companies, and governments, reinforcing their relevance for social organization. At the same time, it is evident that the area lacks a critical analysis regarding its actions in the sphere of social inclusion and exclusion.