Macrophorins H and L, two new HMG-conjugate macrophorins from rihzospheric Penicillium sp. NX-05-G-3.

Macrophorins H (4) and L (5), two rare HMG-conjugate macrophorins along with three known macrophorins (1-3), three DMOA-derived meroterpenoids (6-8) and two ergosterol derivates (9-10) were isolated from sterilized rice medium cultured Penicillium sp. NX-05-G-3. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR. The cytotoxicities of all compounds were evaluated, and compounds 1 and 2 showed extensive cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines Hela, SCC15, MDA-MB-453 and A549, with IC50 values ranging from 17.6 to 32.8 µM.

Isolation and Identification of New Antifungal Macrophorins E, F and G as Malonyl Meroterpenes from Botryosphaeria berengeriana.

Macrophorins E, F and G were newly isolated from Botryosphaeria berengeriana, each showing potent antifungal activity similar to that of macrophorin A against phytopathogenic fungi B. berengeriana and Gibberella fujikuroi. Macrophorins E and G were identified as novel malonylated derivatives of macrophorin A, and F as a macrophorin E congener with a hydroxy-cyclohexenedione moiety instead of its epoxy-cyclohexenone one.