Extravert Surgical Resident Applicants Get Higher 360-Degree Evaluations From Coworkers.

INTRODUCTION: 360-degree evaluations are used as an assessment in order to identify strengths and weaknesses of, or as a continuous evaluation for, residents. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality and ratings on 360-degree evaluations among surgical residency applicants. A secondary aim was to describe the personality profile of applicants for a surgical residency position. METHODS: Doctors interviewed for a residency or locum position in general, urology, or pediatric surgery were included. Participants rated their personality on the Neutralized Big Five Inventory. A 360-degree assessment was conducted. Scores from two laparoscopic simulators were used as a measure of technical ability. Univariate analyses were used to assess the results. Student's t-test was used to compare personality and Pearson correlations between 360-degree assessment and personality. RESULTS: Fifty doctors participated: data were complete for 38. Personality profiles showed higher emotional stability, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness ratings than the norm. Correlations revealed a significant relationship between extraversion and higher scores on the 360-degree assessments. Significant univariate correlations were found between extraversion and the 360-degree assessments, and two of the correlations held up after adjustment for multiple tests. No correlations with performance when using laparoscopic simulators were found. CONCLUSIONS: Applicants for surgical residency rated significantly higher than the norm in four personality domains. Extraversion correlated with overall higher scores in 360-degree assessments by coworkers. Higher scores were not related to objective measures of technical skill, highlighting the importance of using objective measures for assessment.

[Desadaptive Reaction and Development of Arterial Hypertension in Conditions of Professional Stress].

PURPOSE: to compare prevalence of maladaptive responses and risk of hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined using clinical and instrumental methods 1321 workers of locomotive crews; 472 of those examined were followed-up for 12 years. RESULTS: Machinists with maladaptive responses compared with the group of individuals with normal tension of adaptation processes had greater left ventricular myocardial mass and carotid artery intima-media thickness regardless of blood pressure (BP) level. During follow up 380/472 persons maintained normal BP while 87 developed hypertension (5 patients with symptomatic hypertension were excluded from analysis). According to modified MMPI test persons with hypertension had higher scores on scales 2, 8, and 6. Personality profile was characterized by presence of mixed type of response with combination of high need for self-realization and tendency to curb behavioral reactions.

Evaluation of personality profile in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and healthy controls.

OBJECTIVES: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is associated with widespread musculoskeletal pain disorder characterized by various symptoms. Our aim was to compare the personality profiles and psychological aspects between FMS patients and control subjects. Additionally, we evaluated the FMS symptoms, pain and functional status. A total of 72 female patients with FMS and 64 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. METHODS: Visual Analog Scale (VAS), to assess pain and sleep quality, and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), to evaluate the functional status, were used in both groups. We assessed the psychological status with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the personality profiles were evaluated with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). RESULTS: Total BDI and BAI scores of FMS patients were higher than control subjects (p < 0.01, p < 0.01). In terms of psychopathology, hysteria parameters of MMPI were significantly higher in FMS. MMPI parameters except lie, infrequency, masculinity femininity and hypomania parameters (p > 0.05) were significantly higher in FMS group than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that there is a relationship between the psychological state and personality characteristics in FMS. Much more research is needed to better define the role of personality characteristics in the pathogenesis and symptoms of FMS.

Personality Profiles Associated with Long-Term Success in Bariatric Surgery: 24-Month Follow-Up.

(1) Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is highly effective for treating severe obesity in the long term. However, studies investigating predictors and personality profiles linked to BS success yield inconsistent results due to varying methodologies and limited research. This paper aims to identify personality profiles associated with BS success. (2) Method: The study involved 67 patients undergoing bariatric surgery, evaluated through clinical and personality measures. Weight loss was monitored at 6, 12, and 24 months post-surgery. Hierarchical case cluster analysis and iterative k-means cluster analysis identified distinct groups based on excess body mass index loss (%EBL) at these intervals. ANOVA was employed to compare personality profiles between groups. (3) Results: Average weight loss after 24 months was 67.2%. Two success profiles emerged: 46.5% showed very good success, achieving 90% EBL in 24 months, while 55% in the second cluster had less than 40% EBL throughout follow-up. The successful profile correlated with greater self-efficacy and improved emotional adjustment. (4) Conclusions: Successful BS outcomes were linked to personality traits promoting sustained weight loss post-surgery.

The relationship between personality profile and self-care among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: As a chronic disease, diabetes needs special self-care behaviors until the end of life. Personality traits are considered to be effective psychological factors in controlling diabetes and self-care in patients with diabetes. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between personality profile and self-care among people with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study conducted in 2021, 160 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the diabetes clinic of Imam Khomeini Educational and Medical Center in Ardabil were selected by convenience sampling method. The data collection tools included the Diabetes Self-Care Activities questionnaire (SDSCA) and the short form of the Millon Multi-Axis Clinical Test (MCMI-3), which were completed through interviews with patients. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics (mean, SD, and frequency) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression). Results: Based on the results, apart from the obsessive personality disorder, which had a positive relationship with self-care behaviors, a significant negative correlation was observed between schizoid, avoidant, depressed, dependent, antisocial, self-harming, borderline, and paranoid personality disorders with self-care behaviors (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between personality profile and self-care status of patients with type 2 diabetes. In other words, a person's personality profile can predict self-care behaviors. Accordingly, personality traits can be considered as one of the influencing factors on self-care in the educational programs of diabetic patients. Holding educational classes to empower patients using psychological interventions and teaching effective solutions can be an effective step toward increasing the level of mental-physical health and self-care of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Psychological Traits and Behavioural Influences in Patients with Dystonia-An Observational Cohort Study in a Romanian Neurology Department.

(1) Background: Emerging evidence indicates that non-motor symptoms significantly influence the quality of life in dystonic patients. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate their psychological characteristics and personality traits. (2) Methods: Subjects with idiopathic dystonia and a matched control group were enrolled in this prospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria for patient group included idiopathic dystonia diagnosis, evolution exceeding 1 year, and signed informed consent. Inclusion criteria for the control group included lack of neurological comorbidities and signed informed consent. All subjects completed the DECAS Personality Inventory along with an additional form of demographic factors. Data (including descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analysis) were analyzed with SPSS. (3) Results: In total, 95 participants were included, of which 57 were in the patient group. Females prevailed (80%), and the mean age was 54.64 ± 12.8 years. The most frequent clinical features of dystonia were focal distribution (71.9%) and progressive disease course (94.73%). The patients underwent regular treatment with botulinum toxin (85.95%). In addition, patients with dystonia obtained significantly higher openness scores than controls, even after adjusting for possible confounders (p = 0.006). Personality traits were also different between the two groups, with patients more often being fantasists (p = 0.007), experimenters (p = 0.022), sophists (p = 0.040), seldom acceptors (p = 0.022), and pragmatics (p = 0.022) than control subjects. (4) Conclusion: Dystonic patients tend to have different personality profiles compared to control subjects, which should be taken into consideration by the treating neurologist.

Associations between Gilbert's syndrome and personality characteristics.

OBJECTIVE: Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is a benign genetic disorder that is characterized by intermittent mild jaundice in which the liver doesn't process bilirubin properly. The aim of this study was to determine whether GS patients have a different personality structure and if there are associations between properties of temperament and character and total bilirubin levels. METHODS: A total of 1665 young male individuals aged from 19 to 30 who were admitted for occupational examinations were included in this study. Careful patient history was taken, a detailed physical examination was conducted, and hematologic and biochemical tests and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. The Turkish version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was administered to all participants. 81 patients diagnosed with GS and 150 randomly chosen healthy individuals (control group) were investigated with comparison and correlation analyses. RESULTS: GS patients had higher scores than healthy controls for disorderliness (NS4) (p = 0.018), sentimentality (RD1) (p = 0.042), and fatigability (HA4) (p = 0.03). Moreover, Gilbert syndrome patients scored lower than controls for empathy (C2) (p = 0.041) and transpersonal identification (ST2) (p = 0.044). Bilirubin levels were positively associated with disorderliness (NS4) (r = 0.141, p = 0.032) and fatigability (HA4) (r = 0.14, p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS: GS patients may have some different personality characteristics from healthy individuals. This study is an initial exploration of the personality structure of GS patients and the findings should be interpreted with caution. Further prospective studies are needed to identify the relationship between Gilbert disease and personality characteristics.

Comparison of personality profile of prison criminals in the Yasooj Central Penitentiary and noncriminals based on 16 personality factors.

AIMS: The study was conducted to examine the personality profile of prisoners in the Yasooj Central Penitentiary (YCP) according to Cattell's 16 Personality Factors (PFs) Model. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: In doing so, 50 prisoners were selected from among all 20-35-year-old male prisoners at YCP. Moreover, 50 people were selected from the nonprison community to match with the prisoner group. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In a causal-comparative study, both groups were matched and were evaluated using two questionnaires: demographic information and Cattell's 16-PF questionnaires. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The statistical method used to predict the distinguishing personality traits of the two groups, prisoners and nonprisoners, was discriminant analysis. RESULTS: The results indicated that from among Cattell's 16 factors, only 7 factors in the two groups were discriminant and predicting crime: Conservative, sober, expedient, self-control, imaginative, reserved, and tough mindedness. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, 16 main factors of personality have the ability to predict crime.

Characteristic Personality Traits of Multiple Sclerosis Patients-An Unicentric Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients tend to present peculiar personality traits that highly impact their quality of life. Our study aimed to determine which personality traits are more common in MS patients compared to a sex- and age-matched control group. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with relapsing-remitting MS along with a sex- and age-matched control group were included. All subjects completed the DECAS Personality Inventory and an additional form including demographic characteristics. Data (including descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analysis) were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: 122 subjects were included, out of which 61 were in the patient group, mostly females (71.31%) with a mean age of 42.06 ± 10.46 years. Mean duration of disease was 10.18 ± 5.53 years and mean EDSS score was 2.09; 36% of patients were treated with Interferon-beta 1a. Subjects in the patient group presented significantly lower scores for extraversion (p = 0.036), specifically those with higher EDSS score, even after adjusting for possible confounders (age, sex, marital status, early retirement, alcohol, and tobacco consumption). Additionally, regarding orientation in life, MS patients were more often philosophers (p = 0.001), especially young males, whereas the dominant emotional feeling was less common, the actor profile (p = 0.022). Regarding task involvement, MS patients were often passive and compassionate concerning other people. Higher EDSS score also correlated with avoidant (p = 0.006) and melancholic (p = 0.043) personality traits. Subjects with higher education associated more often pragmatic, experimenter, popular, and optimist traits, whereas the elderly had actor, authoritarian, and experimenter profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Some MS patients may have reduced levels of extraversion and specific personality traits compared to age- and sex-matched subjects. Determining the exact personality profile might help the neurologist to establish a better therapeutic alliance and to apply specific interventions.

Personality Profiles and Personal Factors Associated with Psychological Distress in Chinese Nurses.

BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of psychological distress is observed in nurses due to multiple occupational stressors. Personality traits and personal factors are important factors that lead to psychological distress. The personality profile reflects a combination of personality traits; however, the relationship between personality profiles and personal factors that affect psychological distress among nurses has not been defined. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2020 in China. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to recruit participants. Latent profile analysis was used to identify personality profiles of nurses based on the big-five personality traits. Single-factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the factors affecting psychological distress. The structural equation model was used to verify the hypothetical model linking personality profiles, self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and coping style with psychological distress. RESULTS: A total of 953 Chinese nurses (934 female) with a mean (S.D.) age of 32.8 (8.6) years were recruited. Personality profiles identified were negative, normative, and positive. A personality profile may predict psychological distress directly and indirectly through self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and coping style. LIMITATIONS: No complex sampling limits the representativeness of Chinese nurses. External factors affecting psychological distress were not investigated. CONCLUSION: Nurses with anegative personality profile had a higher prevalence of psychological distress. This study establishes the importance of personality profile assessment to identify nurses at higher risk of psychological distress. It suggests that interventions should be based on self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and coping style as potential management strategies.

Personality Profile in Orthorexia Nervosa and Healthy Orthorexia.

Little is known about orthorexia in both its pathological (orthorexia nervosa, OrNe) and adaptive (healthy orthorexia, HeOr) forms. To date, few studies have been carried out to analyze the personality profile associated with orthorexia, and the results have been contradictory. The aim of the present study was to explore the characteristic pathological personality traits associated with OrNe and HeOr. A total of 297 participants (M age = 30.8 years; 94.6% women) from the general population completed the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) and Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Short Form (PID-5-SF) questionnaires. Results showed significant low-medium correlations between OrNe and the four personality factors (Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism) (rs range [0.08, 0.36]). In the regression analysis, the predictors of OrNe were Neuroticism and, to a lesser extent, Psychoticism. For HeOr, the associations were lower (rs range [-0.13, 0.05]) and negative, except Psychoticism. Only the relationship with Disinhibition was statistically significant, although after controlling for OrNe, Negative Affectivity and Antagonism also became significant. In the regression analysis, the predictors of HeOr were Disinhibition (negative direction) and Psychoticism (positive direction). The findings show that OrNe is associated with a pathological personality pattern characterized by difficulty in regulating emotions and negative affect (Negative Affectivity), as well as eccentricity, feeling special, and holding beliefs outside the norm (Psychoticism). However, HeOr seems to be related to the tendency toward high responsibility, self-control, the ability to maintain the focus of attention (low Disinhibition), and Psychoticism. Future studies should confirm whether this combination is a key component underlying the development and maintenance of orthorexia.

The Influence of Rehabilitation on Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer survivors report negative impacts of cancer, augmented by specific vulnerabilities to body changes, negative self-assessment, and quality-of-life concerns. The main objective of our work was to test the effect of a rehabilitation program on breast cancer patients by evaluating the change in their physical well-being during an outpatient rehabilitation setting and, subsequently, in a home rehabilitation setting, considering the individual personality profile. METHODS: Patients who underwent total mastectomy with breast prostheses or tissue expanders were enrolled. Outcome assessments (Pain, Quality of Life, Personality traits for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2) before treatment (T0), at the end of the rehabilitative treatment (T1 = 10 sessions 2/week, one hour/each), and after two months of follow-up (T2) were performed. RESULTS: The data of 38 included patients were analyzed. The quadratic trend of the Visual Analogue Scale can be explained by the fact that patients have a strong reduction in the perceived pain immediately after rehabilitation in the clinic. This reduction remains constant for the home period of the rehabilitation. The personality profiles of all the participants were substantially valid. Only three patients obtained scores higher than 65 points. CONCLUSIONS: The study evidenced that in the initial phase of the rehabilitation, psychological traits such as anxiety, depression, and preoccupation could have a strong association especially with the autonomous functions and the perceived physical symptoms. However, during the therapeutic process, this association decreased and these decrements were higher when patients performed their rehabilitation at home, in a more familiar and comfortable setting.

Personality profile of dietetics students from medical universities in the context of efficacy of prospective dietetic counseling - a Polish study.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: A criterion for the efficacy of dietetic counseling is a change in patients' health behaviours. The patient-centred counseling approach in dietetics is believed to successfully induce behaviour changes. The aim of the study was to verify the assumption that students of dietetics at medical universities declare a preference for the ways of practicing dietetics which require direct work with patients, revealing a personality profile that allows implementation of the indicated approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Materials and method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 427 dietetics students aged 19-31 (M = 21.44, SD = 2.21) at medical universities. Those declaring preference for the ways of practicing dietetics that entail direct contact with patients made up the criterion group. The control group was composed of students declaring preference for career paths not implying direct work with patients. The study employed Polish versions of the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory and the Schwartz Value Survey. RESULTS: Results. There are four predictors of choosing career options entailing work with patients: agreeableness and conscientiousness (personality traits) and openness to change and self-transcendence (value meta-categories). When agreeableness and conscientiousness rise by 1 SD, the odds for a declared choice of working with patients increase by 151% and 139%, respectively. In turn, an increase in openness to change and self-transcendence by 1 SD translates into a decline in the chances of choosing this option by 40% and 38%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusions. Dietetics students at medical universities declaring a preference for direct work with patients show a personality predisposition to carefully perform professional tasks at 'technical level', and a poor predisposition to implement the patient-centred counseling approach.

Validation of a Questionnaire for Personality Profiling using Cognitive Diagnostic Modeling.

This article describes the development of the ENCUIST (Extroversion, Neuroticism, Callous-Unemotional, Instability, Short-Test) questionnaire, which has been created to provide a personality profiling method based on a cognitive diagnostic modeling framework. The ENCUIST measures the attributes of extroversion, neuroticism, callous unemotionality and overt expressions of anger that are relevant in a forensic context. The scores provided by the ENCUIST are binary classifications of the individuals (high/low) in these attributes. The ENCUIST was developed using a sample of 516 subjects to study its validation through psychometric procedures, including factor analysis, cognitive diagnostic modeling and structural equation modeling. The results supported a four-factor structure. Linear regressions were used to evaluate the predictive validity of the scores provided by ENCUIST with respect to two external criteria that are relevant in the forensic context, namely behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition. The results showed that the extroversion dimension is positively related to behavioral activation, although the effect size is modest and the proportion of explained variance is only 11%. Moreover, the dimensions of neuroticism and anger expression are positively related to behavioral inhibition, with 7% of the variance explained. Together, these results suggest that cognitive diagnostic models are useful tools for the elaboration of personality profiles based on classifying subjects along binary attributes.

Personality biomarkers of pathological gambling: A machine learning study.

BACKGROUND: The application of artificial intelligence to extract predictors of Gambling disorder (GD) is a new field of study. A plethora of studies have suggested that maladaptive personality dispositions may serve as risk factors for GD. NEW METHOD: Here, we used Classification and Regression Trees algorithm to identify multivariate predictive patterns of personality profiles that could identify GD patients from healthy controls at an individual level. Forty psychiatric patients, recruited from specialized gambling clinics, without any additional comorbidity and 160 matched healthy controls completed the Five-Factor model of personality as measured by the NEO-PI-R, which were used to build the classification model. RESULTS: Classification algorithm was able to discriminate individuals with GD from controls with an AUC of 77.3% (95% CI 0.65-0.88, p<0.0001). A multidimensional construct of traits including sub-facets of openness, neuroticism and conscientiousness was employed by algorithm for classification detection. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S): To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that combines behavioral data with machine learning approach useful to extract multidimensional features characterizing GD realm. CONCLUSION: Our study provides a proof-of-concept demonstrating the potential of the proposed approach for GD diagnosis. The multivariate combination of personality facets characterizing individuals with GD can potentially be used to assess subjects' vulnerability in clinical setting.

Personality Profile and Clinical Correlates of Patients With Substance Use Disorder With and Without Comorbid Depression Under Treatment.

Background: Among patients with substance use disorder (SUD), major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent. Even though, personality plays an important role in treatment outcomes for individuals with SUD and SUD + MDD, few studies have explored personality characteristics in these samples. This study aims to describe personality for patients with SUD taking into account the comorbid MDD, using the Alternative Five Factor Model (AFFM). We also aim to compare SUD + MDD patients with population norms and to elucidate possible personality clinical correlates. Methods: For our study, 116 male patients undergoing for SUD treatment were divided in two groups: SUD only (N = 58) and SUD + MDD (N = 58). To examine personality, we used the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire and multiple analyses of covariance were performed to identify differences. In a first analysis, age was introduced as a covariate whereas in a second analysis the continuous variables that showed to have a discriminant value for the groups were added as covariates. Variables predicting the presence of dual diagnosis and personality clinical correlates were analyzed by logistic and linear regression models, respectively. We observed that patients with SUD + MDD show distinctive personality characteristics compared with patients with SUD only and population norms. Results: According to the AFFM, SUD + MDD patients are characterized by higher Neuroticism-Anxiety (positively associated to depressive symptoms) and Impulsivity; and by lower Parties and Friends. Moreover, the probability of having a dual depressive disorder was represented by the amount of medications and substances used. The preference for hard work and the energy self-reported levels (Work Activity trait) are linked to these clinical variables rather than to the presence/absence of a dual depressive disorder. Conclusions: Even when controlling clinical variables related to a higher probability of having a dual depressive disorder, the Neuroticism-Anxiety is a personality trait that strongly differentiates between SUD only and SUD + MDD patients. Further investigation is needed to explore the role of this personality trait as endophenotype in dual depressive men. Our results underline the importance of a dimensional understanding of personality and its clinical correlates among patients with SUD + MDD; this approach could provide us information on specific treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of patients.

Personalidad en adolescentes de la ciudad del Alto en periodo de pandemia por covid -19

Este artículo describe los perfiles de personalidad de 95 adolescentes de la ciudad del Alto de La Paz. Los datos surgen del proceso empírico realizado en periodo de emergencia sanitaria por la pandemia por COVID -19. Los adolescentes en este contexto buscan nuevas e innovadoras maneras de afrontar esta realidad. Para eso se proyectan a partir de sus cualidades, habilidades, competencias y características que permiten la búsqueda de un proyecto de vida o la elección de una carrera universitaria. Se utilizó técnicas de investigación cuantitativa (Cuestionario Big Fives o Cinco Grandes) para reconocer los índices en cada dimensión, sub dimensión y escala de distorsión de la personalidad y se realizó un abordaje cualitativo en el reconocimiento de los perfiles de personalidad. Se observó que existe una tendencia mayor de adolescentes con predisposición a ser creativos e investigadores y no así realistas, sociales y dirigentes. La conclusión es que los datos permitirán a los adolescentes una perspectiva distinta en la elección de carreras universitarias convencionales.

This article describes the personality profiles of 165 adolescents from the City of Alto de La Paz. In times of health emergency it is a problem to set medium-term objectives. Teenagers must seek new and innovative ways to deal with this reality. For this, it is necessary to recognize the qualities, skills, competencies and characteristics of adolescents who are looking for a life project or the choice of a university career. Quantitative research techniques (Big Fives or Big Five Questionnaire) were used to recognize the levels in each dimension, sub-dimension and personality distortion scale and a qualitative approach was carried out in the recognition of personality profiles. It was observed that there is a greater tendency of adolescents with a predisposition to be creative and investigative and not so realistic, social and leaders. The conclusion is that the data will allow adolescents a different perspective in the choice of conventional university careers.

Este artigo descreve os perfis de personalidade de 165 adolescentes da cidade de Alto de La Paz. Em tempos de emergência sanitária é um problema estabelecer objetivos de médio prazo. Os adolescentes devem buscar formas novas e inovadoras de lidar com essa realidade. Para isso, é necessário reconhecer as qualidades, habilidades, competências e características dos adolescentes que buscam um projeto de vida ou a escolha de uma carreira universitária. Técnicas de pesquisa quantitativa (Big Fives ou Big Five Questionnaire) foram utilizadas para reconhecer os níveis em cada dimensão, subdimensão e escala de distorção de personalidade e uma abordagem qualitativa foi realizada no reconhecimento de perfis de personalidade. Observou-se que há uma maior tendência de adolescentes com predisposição a serem criativos e investigativos e não tão realistas, sociais e líderes. A conclusão é que os dados permitirão aos adolescentes uma perspectiva diferente na escolha das carreiras universitárias convencionais.

The interaction of personality profile and lactation differs between mothers of late preterm and term neonates.

Late preterm birth, a rapidly growing segment of premature deliveries, has the potential to cause deleterious effects on women's psycho-emotional experience of labor and the establishment of successful lactation. We compared personality traits by the Lüscher Color Test, the mother-to-infant bonding attitudes by the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) and lactation outcome, between mothers of late preterm and at term infants. Our results indicated that mothers idealize their condition and wish to enjoy this magic and extraordinary time in spite of feeling stressed. However, late preterm mothers feel too sad and distressed to relax in their own space after the premature birth event. In addition, their total MIBS score (mean ± SD) was significantly higher (1.364 versus 0.581; p 0.026), as related subscales: Dislike (p 0.005) and Disappointed (p 0.012). Finally, they significantly reduced breastfeeding rates from discharge (p < 0.0001), to the first (p < 0.001), the third (p = 0.002) and sixth postnatal month (p = 0.0002). We concluded that there is a relation between unconscious deep stress along with bonding limits of late preterm new mothers and impaired breastfeeding initiation and duration.

[Emotional and personality characteristics of patients with dystonia]. / Émotsional'nye i lichnostnye osobennosti patsientov s myshechnymi distoniiami.

AIM: To examine emotional characteristics, especially personality profile, of patients with dystonia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three hundred patients with dystonia were enrolled in the study. Control groups consisted of 50 healthy individuals and 62 patients with hemifacial spasm (GFS). HADS, Beck depression inventory and Spielberger-Khanin anxiety scale were used. The 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF) was used to study personality profile. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Higher levels of anxiety and depression in patients with dystonia compared to the control groups were identified. The level of anxiety and depression was not correlated with disease severity. Personality profile study confirmed the high level of anxiety in patients with dystonia and additionally showed increased emotional instability and poor emotional control. Intellectual personality characteristics of patients with dystonia had no differences compared to the control groups. An analysis of socio-psychological characteristics of personality in patients with dystonia and GFS showed restricted interpersonal and social communications since the motor defect noticeable to others leads to severe social exclusion and the desire for self-isolation.

Comparing the Profile of Temperament and Character Dimensions in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Mood Disorder with a Control Group.

Objective: This study was conducted to compare the profile of temperament and character dimensions in patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar mood disorder with a control group. Method: In this causal-comparative study, the population consisted of 2 clinical groups (major depressive disorder and bipolar mood disorder) and a non-clinical group. The sample was 193 individuals (77 patients with major depressive disorder, 86 patients with bipolar mood disorder, and 30 controls), with an age range of 18 to 65 years and the mean age of 40.1. They were selected from Roozbeh psychiatric hospital using available sampling method. Tools used in this research included Temperament and Character Inventory-140 and General Health Questionnaire-28. Collected data were analyzed by independent t test and one-way analysis of variance using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences-22 software. Results: The results revealed a significant difference among groups in dimensions of novelty seeking, harm avoidance, persistence, self-directedness, and cooperativeness (P <0.05). The results showed that the mean was different in males and females only in the novelty seeking dimension (P <0.05). Conclusion: In general, our results revealed that patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar mood disorder have different personality profiles in some dimensions of temperament and character compared with the control group.