The Role of Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Supplements in the Management of Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses: Le rôle des habitudes alimentaires et des suppléments nutritionnels dans la prise en charge des troubles mentaux chez les enfants et les adolescents : une méta-revue de méta-analyses.

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the relationship between nutrition and mental health has gained considerable interest. We identified, synthesized, and appraised all meta--analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies reporting on the efficacy of dietary patterns and nutrient supplements in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders in children and adolescents. METHODS: Systematic research in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was completed on 8 January 2024. RESULTS: Our research found 24 meta-analyses: 14 on RCTs, 8 on observational studies, and 2 combining both. Emerging evidence suggests that omega-3, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid, and Vitamin D may have adjunctive benefits in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), while no evidence was found for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Observational data also indicated that prenatal folic acid supplementation (>400 µg daily) was associated with a reduced risk of ASD in offspring. In terms of dietary habits, several meta-analyses of observational data revealed that healthy dietary patterns (rich in fruits, vegetables, and fibre, low in saturated fats) during the prenatal period, childhood, and adolescence were linked to a significantly reduced risk of internalizing disorders and externalizing disorders. Conversely, unhealthy dietary habits (high in sugars, saturated animal fats, and industrial foods, low in fruits, vegetables, and fibre) are associated with an elevated risk of these mental health issues. However, the number of available studies on dietary interventions for the treatment of depression, ASD, and ADHD was limited, and the results obtained were either nonsignificant or contradictory. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the need to establish clear causal relationships between dietary habits and the risk of mental illness in children and adolescents. Moreover, further investigation of the benefits observed with some nutrient supplements (such as omega-3 and vitamin D for ADHD) through larger-scale RCTs is imperative to establish more robust conclusions.

We investigated the link between nutrition and mental health in children and adolescents through a meta-review of 24 relevant meta-analyses. Emerging evidence suggests potential benefits of Omega-3 and Vitamin D in treating ADHD, while no evidence supports their effectiveness in ASD. Observational data also indicate that prenatal folic acid supplementation may lower ASD risk. Healthy dietary patterns reduce the risk of internalizing and externalizing disorders, whereas unhealthy habits elevate the risk. Limited studies on dietary interventions for depression, ASD, and ADHD provide inconclusive results. In summary, our results emphasize the need to clearly understand the cause-and-effect relationships between dietary habits and mental health risks in young individuals. Larger-scale randomized controlled trials are essential for confirming the observed benefits of nutrient supplements such as omega-3 and vitamin D in treating ADHD and for forming more reliable conclusions.

The Influence of Personality Disorder Symptoms on Treatment Outcomes in Bipolar Disorder: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial: L'influence des symptômes du trouble de la personnalité sur les résultats du traitement dans le trouble bipolaire : Une analyse secondaire d'un essai randomisé contrôlé.

OBJECTIVES: Many people who are diagnosed with bipolar disorder also have comorbid personality disorder. Few studies have explored how personality disorder may influence pharmacological treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to conduct a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial of adjunctive nutraceutical treatments for bipolar depression, to determine whether maladaptive personality traits influence treatment outcomes. METHODS: Scores on the Standardised Assessment of Personality - Abbreviated Scale screener were used to classify participants as having bipolar disorder with (n = 119) and without (n = 29) above threshold personality disorder symptoms (personality disorder). Outcome measures included: The Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impressions and Improvement Severity Scales, Patient Global Impressions-Improvement scale, Bipolar Depression Rating Scale, Range of Impaired Functioning Tool, Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale and Quality of Life and Enjoyment Scale (Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form). Generalised estimated equations examined the two-way interactions of personality disorder by time or treatment and investigated personality disorder as a non-specified predictor of outcomes. RESULTS: Over time, the Patient Global Impressions-Improvement scores were significantly higher in those in the personality disorder group. No other significant differences in the two-way interactions of personality disorder by treatment group or personality disorder by time were found. Personality disorder was a significant but non-specific predictor of poorer outcomes on the Bipolar Depression Rating Scale, Range of Impaired Functioning Tool, and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form, regardless of time or treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the potential impact of maladaptive personality traits on treatment outcomes and suggests that the presence of comorbid personality disorder may confer additional burden and compromise treatment outcomes. This warrants further investigation as does the corroboration of these exploratory findings. This is important because understanding the impact of comorbid personality disorder on bipolar disorder may enable the development of effective psychological and pharmacotherapeutic options for personalised treatments.

Programme de soins psychiatriques : Etude de l'expérience de jeunes patients par une méthode qualitative: Psychiatric care program: A qualitative study of the experience of young patients.

OBJECTIVE: Ambulatory care without consent is widely used, but it is controversial, and its effectiveness has not yet been proven. The patient experience remains largely unstudied in France, particularly that of young patients, yet their adherence to care in the early stages of the disease is complex and has an impact on their prognoses. The aim of this study is to investigate the experience of young patients undergoing a program of care (POC) in order to suggest ways of optimizing their care and to enrich the debate on the use of POCs. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 patients between ages 20 and 32, who were either undergoing a POC or had done so in the previous 5 years, followed by a semi-pragmatic phenomenological analysis of the resulting transcripts. RESULTS: (1) The outpatient experience with restraints is contradictory, ranging from deprivation and intrusion to support and protection. (2) The POC is portrayed as a framework for developing awareness of disorders and acceptance of care. (3) Patients report a lack of information about care with restraints, even to the point of being unaware of its existence. Patient-psychiatrist interactions within the POC are complicated by the restraints, but remain perceived as a care relationship. (4) They report constraints in their daily lives in connection to the POC, which can complicate professional involvement. CONCLUSION: The results support the importance of nurturing the therapeutic relationship within the POC and involving patients more in their care, starting with better information. They support the use of POCs as a temporary tool to be combined with work on adherence to treatment and support for social and professional reintegration. SPECIALTY: Psychiatry.

OBJECTIF: Les dispositifs de soins ambulatoires sans consentement sont largement utilisés, mais ils sont controversés et leur efficacité n'est pas prouvée à ce jour. L'expérience des patients concernés reste très peu étudiée en France, et notamment celui des jeunes patients, or leur adhésion aux soins en début de maladie est complexe et a un impact sur le pronostic futur. L'objectif est d'étudier l'expérience de jeunes patients suivis en programme de soins (PDS) afin de proposer des perspectives pour optimiser leur prise en charge et d'enrichir la réflexion sur l'utilisation des PDS. MÉTHODE: Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés auprès de 11 patients de 20 à 32 ans suivis en PDS ou l'ayant été dans les 5 dernières années, puis une analyse phénoménologique de type sémio-pragmatique a été réalisée sur les verbatims obtenus. RÉSULTATS: (1) L'expérience de la contrainte en ambulatoire est contrastée avec un vécu de privation de libertés et d'intrusion, mais aussi de soutien et de protection. (2) Le PDS est représenté comme un cadre permettant l'évolution de la conscience des troubles et de l'acceptation des soins. (3) Les patients rapportent un manque d'information sur les modalités de soins sous contrainte, pouvant aller jusqu'à la méconnaissance de l'existence de cette mesure. Les interactions patient-psychiatre au sein du PDS sont complexifiées par la contrainte mais restent perçues comme une relation de soin. (4) Ils rapportent des contraintes dans la vie quotidienne liées au PDS et qui peuvent compliquer l'insertion professionnelle. CONCLUSION: Les résultats soutiennent l'importance de soigner la relation thérapeutique au sein du PDS et d'impliquer davantage le patient dans sa prise en charge, en commençant par une meilleure information. Ils soutiennent une utilisation du PDS comme un outil temporaire à associer à un travail sur l'adhésion aux soins et à un accompagnement à la réinsertion sociale et professionnelle. SPÉCIALITÉ: Psychiatrie.

The Mental Health of First Nations Children in Manitoba: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Using Linked Administrative Data: La santé mentale des enfants des Premières Nations au Manitoba : une étude de cohorte rétrospective dans la population, à l'aide de données administratives liées.

OBJECTIVE: First Nations children face a greater risk of experiencing mental disorders than other children from the general population because of family and societal factors, yet there is little research examining their mental health. This study compares diagnosed mental disorders and suicidal behaviours of First Nations children living on-reserve and off-reserve to all other children living in Manitoba. METHOD: The research team, which included First Nations and non-First Nations researchers, utilized population-based administrative data that linked de-identified individual-level records from the 2016 First Nations Research File to health and social information for children living in Manitoba. Adjusted rates and rate ratios of mental disorders and suicide behaviours were calculated using a generalized linear modelling approach to compare First Nations children (n = 40,574) and all other children (n = 197,109) and comparing First Nations children living on- and off-reserve. RESULTS: Compared with all other children, First Nations children had a higher prevalence of schizophrenia (adjusted rate ratio (aRR): 4.42, 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.36 to 5.82), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; aRR: 1.21, 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.33), substance use disorders (aRR: 5.19; 95% CI, 4.25 to 6.33), hospitalizations for suicide attempts (aRR: 6.96; 95% CI, 4.36 to 11.13) and suicide deaths (aRR: 10.63; 95% CI, 7.08 to 15.95). The prevalence of ADHD and mood/anxiety disorders was significantly higher for First Nations children living off-reserve compared with on-reserve; in contrast, hospitalization rates for suicide attempts were twice as high on-reserve than off-reserve. When the comparison cohort was restricted to only other children in low-income areas, a higher prevalence of almost all disorders remained for First Nations children. CONCLUSION: Large disparities were found in mental health indicators between First Nations children and other children in Manitoba, demonstrating that considerable work is required to improve the mental well-being of First Nations children. Equitable access to culturally safe services is urgently needed and these services should be self-determined, planned, and implemented by First Nations people.

The bifocal model: A two-level clinical model of psychiatric disorders integrating diagnostic and transdiagnostic approaches.

Nowadays, two distinct conceptualizations are available to classify, label and guide the treatment of psychiatric disorders: the diagnostic approach and the transdiagnostic approach. There are pros and cons to both approaches. We propose here to link these two conceptualizations by creating a two-level clinical model that takes advantages of both approaches, named the bifocal model (BFM). This two-tier clinical model consists of a double level of analysis: the first step is to identify transdiagnostic mechanisms involved in multiple disorders and then to recognize specific mechanisms identified in a given disorder or cluster of symptoms. Such a process would bring the diagnostic and transdiagnostic approaches together and offer a more flexible way to understand mental disorders and ultimately to improve medical outcomes.

Accepting multiple conditions in psychiatry: From comorbidity to multimorbidity.

The concept of multimorbidity in psychiatry refers to the coexistence of multiple health conditions without conceptualizing a central disorder referring to a patient-centered approach that views every diagnosis equally. It emphasizes a shift from focusing on an index disorder to considering interrelated symptoms crucial in psychiatry due to frequent multimorbidity patterns. In clinical practice, multimorbidity guides patient-centered care helping to address the holistic needs of patients and challenging the organization of mental health care. In research, multimorbidity reshapes study outcomes and promotes the development of patient-reported outcome questionnaires, also posing ethical challenges and advocating for the inclusion of multimorbid patients in personalized interventions. Finally, multimorbidity in psychiatry has public health implications aligning with the socioecological systems perspective. This notion aims to improve prognosis, care, and health costs while impacting global mortality and challenging the conceptualization and organization of psychiatric care.

Simulation-based teaching of psychiatric interviewing to residents: A comparison of peer-to-peer and teacher role-play on confidence in clinical skills.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of two simulation-based teaching programs of psychiatric interviewing using two role-play modalities on first-year psychiatry residents' confidence in their psychiatric clinical skills. METHODS: The teaching program consisted of seven 2-hour sessions per month led by two psychiatrists and academic teachers. In the peer-to-peer role-play group, students played either the patient's or doctor's role, and case scenarios were proposed by the students; in the teacher role-play group, a teacher played the patient' role and case scenarios were written by teachers. Simulation debriefing was teacher-guided in both groups. Confidence was measured with the Confidence in Psychiatric Clinical Skills Questionnaire (CPCQ) before and after the teaching program. RESULTS: Both strategies induced a significant improvement in the CPCQ total score. However, the peer-to-peer role-play program induced a significantly larger improvement in the CPCQ total score. DISCUSSION: Compared to teacher role-play, peer-to-peer role-play may enable a better comprehension of the patient perspective, reduce performance anxiety during the simulated scenario, and provide a partly improvised scenario that is more transferable to real-life clinical experiences. CONCLUSION: Teaching psychiatric interviewing using the peer-to-peer role-play approach enables greater improvement in confidence in clinical skills than teacher role-play.

Disclosure of sexual abuse by adolescents treated in a psychiatry department.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to describe the population of adolescents who have disclosed sexual abuse to a health professional during their care in a psychiatric department. We also want to discuss the circumstances that enable adolescents to make this disclosure. METHODS: This single-center retrospective observational study is based on the mandatory reports (n=139) sent by a Paris adolescent psychiatry department between 2005 and 2021 after patients disclosed previous sexual abuse. R® (3.6.1) and RStudio® (1.2.5001) software were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Girls accounted for almost all the adolescents who disclosed (95.7%). First abuse occurred around the age of 12 years and was first disclosed to a health professional a mean of 3.5 years later; 66 (47.5%) patients were admitted for inpatient care during their follow-up. The most common diagnoses were depression, eating disorders, posttraumatic stress disorders, and other anxiety disorders. Before disclosing to a health professional, most of these adolescents had already talked about it, mainly to a family member (69.8%) or peers (24.7%). CONCLUSION: This is the first study in France on the reporting of sexual abuse after its disclosure by adolescents being treated in a psychiatry unit. Our results show that child sexual abuse is rarely reported and that health care professionals are far from being the first recipients of these disclosures. We recommend routine screening for sexual abuse in adolescent psychiatry units, improved training for staff receiving these disclosures, and consideration of how best to coordinate medical, social, and legal services for these adolescents.

Learning to observe art to better understand the patients: A pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: We describe an artwork observation training program proposed to the first-year psychiatry residents in the school of medicine of Montpellier-Nîmes (Université de Montpellier). This course aimed at improving the ability to observe, tolerate ambiguity in healthcare, work as a team, communicate, and develop empathy. We also evaluated the impact of this program on the enhancement of emotional and communication skills in a pilot study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The artwork observation program based on Visual Thinking Strategies consisted of three sessions of ninety minutes involving two groups of eight medical students. First-year volunteer psychiatry residents were recruited. Before the sessions participants completed the Groningen Reflection ability Scale to evaluate reflection skills. Then, all the participants examined paintings and drawings of the Atger collection, were encouraged to observe carefully, and to engage in active group discussion by means of a structured questioning. Following the session, participants responded to a short survey to assess potential improvement of socio-emotional and communication skills. RESULTS: Fifteen psychiatry residents participated in the pilot study, eight were males. The median age was twenty-five years. The artwork observation program was well accepted by the participants. All the respondents reported improvement of emotional and communication skills, except regarding three empathy items, including the ability to feel the suffering of others which was increased only for 62% of respondents. DISCUSSION: Our program relying on Visual Thinking Strategies may improve the ability to observe carefully, to perceive the mental states of others, and to tolerate uncertainty. Training of such skills may encourage the adoption of self-reflective attitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Such an artistic innovative program should be extended to undergraduate students in medical curriculum.

[Prevalence of mental disorders in French prisons: A systematic review]. / Prévalence des troubles psychiatriques en population carcérale française : une revue systématique de la littérature.

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among prisoners remains a major public health issue worldwide. In France, despite the increasing number of persons who are incarcerated (+30% between 1992 and 2002 with a 120% prison overcrowding), and a historical concern about the mental health of persons in detention and its management, no systematic review has been published on this subject. The aim of this article is to present the results of a systematic review of the literature on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons. METHOD: The reporting of this systematic review conforms to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases. We used combinations of keywords relating to prison (prison*, jail*, inmate*), to psychiatry ("mental health", psychiatr*), and to France (France, French). This work was completed with a search through the digital libraries of the École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique (EHESP) and of the Système Universitaire de Documentation (Sudoc) to obtain data from academic works and the gray literature. References cited in studies included in this review were also examined. All references published up to September 2022, written in English or French, presenting the results of original quantitative studies on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in correctional settings were included. Two researchers independently extracted data from included references according to a pre-established protocol. RESULTS: Among 501 records identified, a total of 35 papers based on 24 epidemiological studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review: 16 were cross-sectional, 7 retrospective and 1 both cross-sectional and retrospective. All papers were published between 1999 and 2022. We found one European study, 5 international studies, 18 regional or local studies. Of these, 21 studies had all-male or mixed gender samples (but when the sample was mixed gender, it was always at least 92% male). Almost half of the studies (n=11) involved a small sample of fewer than 500 persons. Half of the studies involved a sample of recently incarcerated persons: 6 involved a random sample of persons in detention, and 1 involved a sample of people incarcerated for more than 5 years. The last 5 studies focused on persons aged over 50 years and incarcerated for more than one year (n=1), incarcerated for sexual offences (n=2), placed in disciplinary cells (n=1) or in a special wing for radicalized or suspected radicalized individuals (n=1). Nine studies used standardized and validated diagnostic tools. According to the 4 studies involving representative samples and using standardized and validated diagnostic tools, the prevalence of the following psychiatric disorders was: 29.4-44.4% for anxiety disorders, 5-14.2% for PTSD, 28-31.2% for mood disorders, 6.9-17% for psychotic disorders, 32% for personality disorders and 11% for ADHD. CONCLUSION: This systematic review of the literature highlights the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons. The data collected are in line with international studies. The great methodological heterogeneity of the papers included in this review calls for further rigorous research to better understand the rates of mental disorders in French prisons and to explore their determinants.

Psychiatrists' beliefs, awareness, and attitudes toward gender variance: A French cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: The evolution of knowledge and recommendations concerning transgender health has led to various representations, especially for health professionals, that can influence the medical management of transgender individuals. The main objective of this study was to explore the representation of psychiatrists in France regarding gender variance. The secondary objective was to compare these data based on their characteristics. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional observational study based on the distribution in April 2022 of a questionnaire to psychiatrists and psychiatric residents in France. The questionnaire was developed after exploring the results of qualitative studies in the scientific literature. RESULTS: Among 359 respondents, 181 were psychiatric residents and 178 were senior psychiatrists. Ninety percent had already met a transgender person in their professional practice. The representations observed among the respondents were heterogeneous. Most respondents did not consider "transgenderism" a symptom of a psychiatric disorder, and nearly all respondents used the gender and name their patients ask for. About 60% reported insufficient knowledge about "transgenderism", with 86% considering that they had not been trained to adequately support transgender people. CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals that representations, although weakened by a lack of knowledge recognized by psychiatrists, favor a non-pathologizing apprehension of gender variance and recognition of the importance of respecting gender diversity and self-determination. The heterogeneity of representations, as well as the high prevalence of professionals who describe a lack of knowledge, skills, and training, support the need for guidelines and the integration of evidence-based knowledge about gender variance into the psychiatric curriculum.

Short-term effects of a simulation-based training program on suicide risk assessment and intervention for first-year psychiatry residents.

OBJECTIVES: Adequate training of mental health professionals in suicide risk assessment and intervention is crucial. Simulation-based education is a relevant method to acquire competences for challenging health interventions. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of a simulation-based training program on first-year psychiatry residents' skills, knowledge, attitudes and satisfaction. METHODS: We conducted pre- and immediately post-training assessments in 153 psychiatry residents during their first or second postgraduate semester in Paris, France, in 2020 and 2021. The simulation-based training occurred a few weeks after a two-hour theoretical lecture on suicidal behaviors. It consisted of a full-day training of small groups (n=5 to 9) with six scenarios played by professional actors and facilitated by two trained psychiatrists, and a 45-60minute debriefing session after each simulation. Educational objectives focused on basic aspects of patient-psychiatrist relation, the investigation of suicidal ideation, and basic interventions in various contexts (outpatient consultation, emergency room, telephone) and patient profiles. Outcome measures included the Suicide Intervention Response Inventory (SIRI-2), a short questionnaire on basic knowledge, a self-confidence four-item scale, and a satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS: There were significant improvements in skills, basic knowledge, and self-confidence from pre- to post-training. Trainees also expressed a high level of satisfaction, an appreciation for this innovative pedagogy and a wish for more similar training. CONCLUSIONS: This practical training program based on simulation improved self-confidence, knowledge and skills in suicide risk assessment and intervention in the short-term among first year psychiatry residents. Results from this study are therefore promising. Longitudinal studies are, however, needed to evaluate the persistence of changes over time, positive changes in care in real settings and health benefits for patients. In a time of easily accessible and rapidly growing factual medical knowledge, of necessary need for skilled professionals and of growing demand in mental health care, the development of simulation training in psychiatry should be a pedagogical and a public health priority.

[Joint study of seclusion, mechanical restraint and chemical restraint: Pilot study in three French psychiatric hospitals]. / Étudier conjointement l'isolement, la contention mécanique et la contention chimique : étude pilote dans trois établissements psychiatriques français.

Psychiatric wards that only exceptionally use isolation and mechanical restraint may be suspected of using "chemical restraint". However, in the case of these services, the hypothesis of a reduction in the general level of restraint can also be formulated. Prior to a comprehensive study to test these hypotheses, the current research aims to assess indicators which define high levels of the use of these measures and a relevant sample. The study was conducted in three facilities with 254 hospitalized patients over a week. Five per cent experienced isolation, 2% mechanical restraint, and 13% received high doses of medication (including "as needed" treatments). These figures are below literature data and national averages. Variances exist among centers, with one showing higher percentages for all three measures. While confirming the feasibility of studying these measures together, the study suggests the need for longer observations and continuous evaluation of prescription practices to better reflect yearly isolation and restraint trends. Future studies should involve more centers and include case studies for a nuanced understanding of administration practices in relation to prescriptions.

Retrospective study of hepatitis C screening and seroprevalence in the GHU Paris.

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been estimated to be approximately ten times higher in patients with psychiatric disorders, but European data are rare and only two French studies have recently been published on the subject. Our objective was to determine the HCV screening rate and the prevalence of HCV in adult patients hospitalised in the largest French psychiatric hospital. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of all adult patients hospitalised at GHU Paris, from 2019 to 2022, including age, gender, HCV screening, HCV serological status, and the existence of an ICD-10 diagnosis of psychoactive substance use disorder. Descriptive statistics used means±standard deviations and percentages. Bivariable comparisons used Student's t test and Chi-square test. RESULTS: The overall HCV screening rate was 55.4% and increased over the four years from 37.1% in 2019 to 69.4% in 2022. Patients screened were significantly younger people and with a substance use disorder than unscreened patients. The prevalence of HCV over this 4-year period was 2.8% and remained stable. The HCV-positive patients were significantly more male, older and more likely to have substance use disorders than the HCV-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS: We found a prevalence rate of HCV ten times higher than the prevalence in the general population, in line with findings in many other European countries. The eradication of HCV will not be possible without the elimination of this "forgotten reservoir" of the virus. Efforts must be made in psychiatric hospitals to test all patients in order to treat patients suffering from hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals.

[Which solution to functional somatic disorder: The ACSEPT program]. / Quelle réponse au trouble somatique fonctionnel : la filière ACSEPT.

BACKGROUND: Functional somatic disorder (FSD) is a prevalent disorder that can be severely disabling for the patient and is associated with major health costs. There are few formalized care programs for these disorders in the country, and their management encounters various difficulties, both in the diagnosis and its announcement and the treatment. Cognitive-behavioural and emotional therapy (CBT) is the standard on psychiatry care, and its efficacy has been demonstrated through several randomised controlled studies on the intensity of physical and psychological symptoms. INTERVENTION: At Lille's University Hospital Center, we have established the "ACSEPT" care pathway for TSF management which consists of a psychiatric consultation followed by an individual referral, including a treatment using repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or the integration of a CBT-based psychoeducation group. This group had the particularity of caring for all patients presenting FSD regardless of the associated physical symptoms. Educating medical professionals and conducting FSD research were other goals of ACSEPT. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: ACSEPT allows an improvement in the care offered to these patients with a defined orientation and interdisciplinary, early, organized cares that are repeatable. Our goal is to study the effectiveness of these different interventions in subsequent studies, to continue the development of ACSEPT and to be able to distribute this intervention at the regional level to establish a clear care program allowing early management of these patients.

Feedback on a socio-aesthetic program for the benefit of young patients with self-endangerment.

OBJECTIVES: Socio-aesthetics is a practice born in psychiatric departments but has since developed particularly in the field of oncology. For our part, since January 2018, we have initiated an experiment of this type at the Espace Unit of the CHU in Nantes, a unit that takes care of young patients who find themselves in a situation of crisis and endangerment of themselves. METHODS: The qualitative evaluation of the interest of a socio-aesthetic mediation (relaxation modelling, facial care, make-up) with young patients was carried out by a collection of their feelings. RESULTS: Youth who expressed an overall judgment of socio-esthetic mediation appreciated it in 61% of cases. They express their satisfaction with words such as "I liked", "I loved", "I'm happy", "it was too good", "super good" or "great". CONCLUSION: This successful socio-aesthetic therapy practice experiment will continue with a quantitative analysis to demonstrate the relevance of this type of service to psychiatric patients.

[Psychomotricity in psychiatric institutions: when care takes shape]. / La psychomotricité en institution psychiatrique, quand le soin prend corps.

In psychiatry, psychomotricians can play an essential role in multidisciplinary teams. The specificity of their clinical vision and analysis, as well as their care tools, make them specialists in understanding the symptoms expressed by the body, and in body-mediated therapy. Able to propose interventions for patients in crisis, and to plan long-term care for stabilized chronic patients, they adapt to the temporality of the pathology. Committed to teamwork, they play their part in the multi-disciplinary weave of containing and structuring that the psychiatric institution confers on the most fragile patients.

[Clinical reflexes in the face of an atypical neuropsychiatric picture]. / Réflexes cliniques devant un tableau neuropsychiatrique atypique.

A 59-year-old man who had been presenting with a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms for several weeks. Despite repeated visits to somatic emergencies, as well as a thorough work-up including complementary examinations and specialist opinions, no organic diagnosis was established. The patient was treated symptomatically with neuroleptics and benzodiazepines, which led to a significant improvement in symptoms.

[The benefits of socio-aesthetics in psychiatry: three experiments with adolescents]. / Intérêt de la socio-esthétique en psychiatrie : trois expériences menées auprès d'adolescents.

Adolescents and young adults admitted to the Espace unit at Nantes University Hospital are offered beauty treatments. Although their situations are diverse, they consistently show a decline in self-esteem. These young patients benefit from individual hand and facial treatments, make-up sessions and group workshops.

[The contribution of the adapted physical activity and health teacher in psychiatry]. / Apports de l'enseignant en activité physique adaptée et santé en psychiatrie.

A teacher of adapted physical activity and health (EAPAS) is a paramedical professional. A professional degree in sciences and techniques of physical and sports activities, with a specialization in adapted physical activity and health, is a prerequisite for this profession. These studies can be supplemented by a professional master's degree. EAPAS practitioners can work in the medico-social, somatic, psychiatric, geriatric and functional rehabilitation sectors. In mental health, they work as part of multi-disciplinary teams, with institutional support. They act on medical prescription to achieve psychological, physical, motivational and social benefits.