EFFECT OF FRAMEWORK MATERIAL ON THE CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF FULL ARCH IMPLANT SUPPORTED PROSTHESES REMAINS UNQUANTIFIABLE.

ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: Delucchi, F.; De Giovanni, E.; Pesce, P.; Bagnasco, F.; Pera, F.; Baldi, D.; Menini, M. Framework Materials for Full-Arch Implant-Supported Rehabilitations: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies. Materials 2021, 14, 3251. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ma14123251 SOURCE OF FUNDING: This research received no funding. TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN: Systematic Review (SR).

Synthesis of silver-palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study.

Janus-type nanoparticles are important because of their ability to combine distinct properties and functionalities in a single particle, making them extremely versatile and valuable in various scientific, technological, and industrial applications. In this work, bimetallic silver-palladium Janus nanoparticles were obtained for the first time using the inert gas condensation technique. In order to achieve this, an original synthesis equipment built by Mantis Ltd. was modified by the inclusion of an additional magnetron in a second chamber, which allowed us to use two monometallic targets to sputter the two metals independently. With this arrangement, we could find appropriate settings at room temperature to promote the synthesis of bimetallic Janus nanoparticles. The structural properties of the resulting nanoparticles were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the chemical composition was analyzed by TEM energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM-EDS), which, together with structural analysis, confirmed the presence of Janus-type nanostructures. Results of molecular dynamics and TEM simulations show that the differences between the crystalline structures of the Pd and Ag regions observed in the TEM micrographs can be explained by small mismatches in the orientations of the two regions of the particle. A density functional theory structural aims to understand the atomic arrangement at the interface of the Janus particle.

Cytotoxicity of Commercially Pure Titanium (cpTi), Silver-Palladium (Ag-Pd), and Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr) Alloys Commonly Used in the Fabrication of Dental Prosthetic Restorations.

INTRODUCTION: The longevity of dental implants is affected by the ability to avoid any hypersensitivity or corrosive reactions in the oral cavity. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of commercially pure titanium (cpTi), silver-palladium (Ag-Pd), and nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) on human gingival fibroblast (HGF). METHODS: The sample size used was 10 discs from each alloy used with dimensions of 4x3mm. The HGF was derived from healthy patients subjected to gingivectomy procedures. Of the specimens, 50% were incubated in artificial saliva and the other half in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium (DMEM). The extract of each alloy in both media was collected and applied on HGF. After 24 hours the morphology of the HGF cells was examined to detect any apoptosis or cell death. Also, cell viability was evaluated by the use of a 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Statistical analysis was performed using students' t-test and two-way ANOVA with a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS: In the case of morphological examination of HGF and MTT assessment, only cpTi alloy specimens didn't display any cytotoxic effect. Ni-Cr was the most cytotoxic alloy of the three. Also, MTT activities of all three alloys were decreased when they were incubated in artificial saliva. CONCLUSION: cpTi exhibited the highest corrosion resistance in comparison to Ag-Pd and Ni-Cr alloys. Ag-Pd alloys showed acceptable resistance to corrosion that is due to the passivity effect. Also, artificial saliva increased the cytotoxic effect of the tested alloys more than DMEM.

Effect of silane coupling treatment and airborne-particle abrasion on shear bond strength between photo-cured bulk-fill flowable composite resin and silverpalladium-copper-gold alloy using self-adhesive resin cement.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of silane coupling treatment and airborne-particle abrasion (APA) on shear bond strength (SBS) between photo-cured bulk-fill flowable composite resin and 12% silver-palladium-copper-gold (Ag-Pd-CuAu) alloy using self-adhesive resin cement. The six experimental groups were compared using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey Kramer's post-hoc test to compare SBS values among the six groups at a 95% confidence level. The SBS of APA groups was significantly higher than non-APA groups. The SBS of the specimens with silane coupling treatment increased slightly compared with specimens without silane coupling treatment. The combination of resin coating with bulk-fill resin and self-adhesive resin cement could be clinically useful when restoring a cavity with a noble metal.

Monodisperse Ag/Pd core/shell nanoparticles assembled on reduced graphene oxide as highly efficient catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes.

Addressed herein is a facile seed-mediated synthesis of Ag/Pd core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) and their assembly on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to catalyze the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines using ammonia borane (AB) as a hydrogen donor under ambient conditions. Monodisperse Ag/Pd core/shell NPs with controllable Pd shell-thickness were synthesized by the means of thermal decomposition of palladium(II) bromide over as-prepared Ag NPs in the mixture of oleylamine and oleic acid at 220°C. As-synthesized Ag/Pd core/shell NPs were characterized by TEM, HR-TEM, XRD, XPS, UV-Vis spectroscopy and ICP-MS and then they were assembled on reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Next, rGO@Ag/Pd catalysts were tested in the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes in which ammonia borane (AB) was used as a hydrogen donor at room temperature. It was demonstrated that the thickness of the Pd shell has a significant effect on the catalytic activity of rGO@Ag/Pd catalysts and the 1.75nm Pd shell provided the highest performance in the transfer hydrogenation reactions. The rGO@Ag/Pd catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reactions were tested over a variety of nitroarenes (total 16 examples) and they were all converted to the corresponding aniline derivatives with high yields in 5-15min under ambient conditions.

Activation cross sections of deuteron induced reactions on silver in the 33-50MeV energy range.

Excitation functions were measured for the natAg(d,x)105,104Cd, 110m,108m,106m,105g,104gAg and 101Pd, 105,101mRh reactions over the energy range 33-50MeV by using the stacked foil activation technique and subsequent high-resolution gamma-spectrometry. We present the first experimental cross section data above 40MeV for all of these reactions and the first experimental cross section data for natAg(d,x)108m,104gAg and 105,103Rh. The experimental data are compared with results of the model calculations performed with the ALICE-D, EMPIRE-D theoretical nuclear reaction model codes and with the TALYS code results as available in the TENDL-2014 and -2015 on-line libraries.

Cytotoxicity and terminal differentiation of human oral keratinocyte by indium ions from a silver-palladium-gold-indium dental alloy.

OBJECTIVE: Dental alloys containing indium (In) have been used in dental restoration for two decades; however, no study has investigated the biological effects of In ions, which may be released in the oral cavity, on human oral keratinocytes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the biological effects of In ions on human oral keratinocyte after confirming their release from a silver-palladium-gold-indium (Ag-Pd-Au-In) dental alloy. METHODS: As a corrosion assay, a static immersion tests were performed by detecting the released ions in the corrosion solution from the Ag-Pd-Au-In dental alloy using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity and biological effects of In ions were then studied with In compounds in three human oral keratinocyte cell lines: immortalized human oral keratinocyte (IHOK), HSC-2, and SCC-15. RESULTS: Higher concentrations of In and Cu ions were detected in Ag-Pd-Au-In (P<0.05) than in Ag-Pd-Au, and AgCl deposition occurred on the surface of Ag-Pd-Au-In after a 7-day corrosion test due to its low corrosion resistance. At high concentrations, In ions induced cytotoxicity; however, at low concentrations (∼0.8In(3+)mM), terminal differentiation was observed in human oral keratinocytes. Intracellular ROS was revealed to be a key component of In-induced terminal differentiation. SIGNIFICANCE: In ions were released from dental alloys containing In, and high concentrations of In ions resulted in cytotoxicity, whereas low concentrations induced the terminal differentiation of human oral keratinocytes via increased intracellular ROS. Therefore, dental alloys containing In must be biologically evaluated for their safe use.

A silver-palladium alloy nanoparticle-based electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous detection of ractopamine, clenbuterol and salbutamol.

A multiplexed electrochemical biosensor has been developed for fast and sensitive detection of ractopamine (RAC), salbutamol (SAL) and clenbuterol (CLB) based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and silver-palladium alloy nanoparticles (AgPd NPs). In this paper, rGO with high conductivity was used as an electrode material to immobilize artificial antigens and amplify electrochemical signal. AgPd NPs are used to label antibodies and generate a strong electrochemical signal in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) without any other substrates. Screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and competition strategy were adopted to achieve simultaneous detection of RAC, SAL and CLB without cross-talk between adjacent electrodes. This method can simultaneously detect RAC, SAL and CLB ranging from 0.01 to 100 ng mL(-1) with detection limits of 1.52 pg mL(-1), 1.44 pg mL(-1) and 1.38 pg mL(-1), respectively. Satisfactory results are achieved in pork sample analysis. The designed strategy provides a promising potential in determination of other biological samples.