Developing of an eco-friendly liquid-liquid microextraction method by using menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for determination of basic fuchsin dye: assessment of the greenness profile.

Herein, we aimed to develop a new environmentally friendly liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) method based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (hDES) synthesized using biodegradable dl-menthol and decanoic acid for the spectrophotometric determination of toxic basic fuchsin dye in environmental water samples. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as pH, mole ratio, and volume of hDES (1:2) and type and volume of organic solvent, sample volume, times of vortex, ultrasonic bath and centrifuge, ionic strength, and matrix effect were investigated and optimized. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curve showed linearity in the range of 7.4-167 µg L-1 with a coefficient of determination of 0.9994. The limit of detection, intra-day and inter-day precision, and recovery values were 2.25 µg L-1, 2.46% and 4.45%, and 105 ± 3%, respectively. The preconcentration and enrichment factors were found to be 30 and 61.5, respectively. The proposed hDES-LLME methodology was successfully applied to the environmental water samples to detect toxic BF dye (95-105%). Finally, the ecological impact of the suggested method was evaluated using the analytical eco-scale (PPS:88), complementary green analytical procedure indexe (ComplexGAPI), and the Analytical GREEnness tool (0.63). The assessment results showed that the presented analytical method can be regarded as a green LLME approach for the determination of the BF in water.

Applications of Online UV-Vis Spectrophotometer for Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Process Control: A Review.

Water quality monitoring is an essential component of water quality management for water utilities for managing the drinking water supply. Online UV-Vis spectrophotometers are becoming popular choices for online water quality monitoring and process control, as they are reagent free, do not require sample pre-treatments and can provide continuous measurements. The advantages of the online UV-Vis sensors are that they can capture events and allow quicker responses to water quality changes compared to conventional water quality monitoring. This review summarizes the applications of online UV-Vis spectrophotometers for drinking water quality management in the last two decades. Water quality measurements can be performed directly using the built-in generic algorithms of the online UV-Vis instruments, including absorbance at 254 nm (UV254), colour, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity and nitrate. To enhance the usability of this technique by providing a higher level of operations intelligence, the UV-Vis spectra combined with chemometrics approach offers simplicity, flexibility and applicability. The use of anomaly detection and an early warning was also discussed for drinking water quality monitoring at the source or in the distribution system. As most of the online UV-Vis instruments studies in the drinking water field were conducted at the laboratory- and pilot-scale, future work is needed for industrial-scale evaluation with ab appropriate validation methodology. Issues and potential solutions associated with online instruments for water quality monitoring have been provided. Current technique development outcomes indicate that future research and development work is needed for the integration of early warnings and real-time water treatment process control systems using the online UV-Vis spectrophotometers as part of the water quality management system.

Thermodynamic and Computational (DFT) Study of Non-Covalent Interaction Mechanisms of Charge Transfer Complex of Linagliptin with 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and Chloranilic acid (CHA).

This study describes the non-covalent interactions of the charge transfer complex (CT), which was responsible for the synthesis of Linagliptin (LNG) with 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-Dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), or with Chloranilic acid (CHA) complexes in acetonitrile (MeCN) at temperatures of (25 ± 2 °C). Then, a UV-Vis spectrophotometer was utilized to identify Linagliptin (LNG) from these complexes. For the quantitative measurement of Linagliptin in bulk form, UV-Vis techniques have been developed and validated in accordance with ICH criteria for several aspects, including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, and robustness. The optimization of the complex synthesis was based on solvent polarization; the ratio of molecules in complexes; the association constant; and Gibbs energy (ΔG°). The experimental work is supported by the computational investigation of the complexes utilizing density functional theory as well as (QTAIM); (NCI) index; and (RDG). According to the optimized conditions, Beer's law was observed between 2.5-100 and 5-100 µM with correlation coefficients of 1.9997 and 1.9998 for LGN-DDQ and LGN-CHA complexes, respectively. For LGN-DDQ and LGN-CHA complexes, the LOD and LOQ were (1.0844 and 1.4406 µM) and (3.2861 and 4.3655 µM), respectively. The approach was successfully used to measure LGN in its bulk form with high precision and accuracy.

A simple and rapid determination of Al(III) in natural water samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction after complexation with a novel antipyrine-based Schiff base reagent.

The purpose of this study is the development of a novel strategy for the determination of Al3+ ions using the combination of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The method is grounded in the complexation between a novel antipyrine-based Schiff base reagent (EHMP) and Al3+ ions. Aluminum concentrations were detected using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 260 nm and this technique was optimized using the absorbance value of EHMP-Al complex. pH, mixing period, type and volume of organic solvent, etc. were optimized stepwise in order to find out optimum experimental conditions. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification values for the improved analytical method were to be estimated 0.31 and 1.03 µmol.L-1, respectively. The new strategy was successfully performed to define Al3+ ions in natural water samples with RSD values (84.01-107.71%) and recovery values (0.01-0.09%).

Estimation of alpha exposure on CR-39 detector using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer.

This work is dedicated to study the possibility of using UV-VIS spectrophotometer, a non-invasive technique with a versatile applications that is being used to determine the optical properties of matter, to estimate the CR-39 exposure to alpha particles. CR-39 detectors were exposed to alpha particles from two different alpha sources: 241Am and radon gas. Tracks densities on CR-39 were determined using the traditional counting method by an optical microscope. The transmittances of CR-39 detectors were measured using UV-VIS spectroscopy in the range of 400-1000 nm, and results were correlated with measured tracks densities. The comparison showed that this method is effective in estimating exposure of CR-39 to alpha particles, and that its efficiency has increased by increasing the etching time of the detectors.

Data on terpene content in pre-rolled cone paper infused with terpene-containing flavours based on the formation of a partially soluble precipitate.

The high volatility of the terpenes contained in flavour-containing terpene (FCT) products causes the loss of these contents during product storage; thus, measuring the loss of FCT content during storage is important to estimate the final content. This work provides data on the reduction in FCT content of infused pre-rolled paper cones after 1 to 7 days of storage. Determination of FCT content was based on the formation of a reddish-brown precipitate resulting from the reaction of terpene moiety in FCT with sulphuric acid. Then, the absorbance of the precipitate was analysed using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometric method at a visible wavelength of 538 nm. A calibration standard curve was prepared concerning the concentration of the original FCT sample and used to determine the FCT content in infused pre-rolled paper. The FCT content on the first day of storage decreased and increased again after seven days of storage due to condensation. The data on the FCT content reduction as the effect of additive added was also evaluated.

Alterations in pH of Coffee Bean Extract and Properties of Chlorogenic Acid Based on the Roasting Degree.

Factors influencing the sour taste of coffee and the properties of chlorogenic acid are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of roasting degree on pH-associated changes in coffee bean extract and the thermal stability of chlorogenic acid. Coffee bean extract pH decreased up to a chromaticity value of 75 but increased with higher chromaticity values. Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and structural analysis attributed this effect to chlorogenic and caffeic acids. Moreover, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified four chlorogenic acid types in green coffee bean extract. Chlorogenic acid isomers were eluted broadly on HPLC, and a chlorogenic acid fraction graph with two peaks, fractions 5 and 9, was obtained. Among the various fractions, the isomer in fraction 5 had significantly lower thermal stability, indicating that thermal stability differs between chlorogenic acid isomers.

Magnetic stirring in syringe dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction as an effective method for preconcentration of tartrazine dye from food samples: A multivariate analysis approach.

A new, rapid, simple, and sensitive preconcentration method and Spectrophotometry determination technique have been presented for the microextraction and determination of trace amount of Tartrazine dye in food samples. In the present system, which is called "Magnetic stirring in syring dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction"(MSIS- DLLME), a cloudy state result is formed in a homemade glass syringe by magnetic agitation. In the MSIS-DLLME system, Tartrazine colour was uprooted into an organic detergent (Toluene) after many twinkles. Subsequently, the organic detergent which was placed on top of the result was transferred into a narrow neck by moving the piston overhead. The effective parameters on the extraction recovery were studied and optimized by Central Composite design (CCD). Under the optimum conditions, the estimation cure is direct in the range of 0.1-1(µg L- 1). The limit of detection (LOD), relative standard divagation and enrichment factor were 0.03 µg L -1, ±4.6 (n = 10) and 166, independently. The advanced system was successfully applied for microextraction of Tartrazine in food samples.

Physical, structural and nuclear radiation shielding behavior of Ni-Cu-Zn Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles.

In this study, Ni-Cu-Zn Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles have successfully been synthesized utilizing the Co-precipitation technique. The primary objectives encompassed elucidating phase purity, discerning functional groups, scrutinizing surface morphology, and conducting structural analyses. To accomplish these objectives, a battery of advanced characterization techniques was employed, including power X-ray diffraction, Transmission infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectrophotometer, and Scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the investigation was extended to the assessment of the gamma ray shielding properties exhibited by the synthesized Ni-Cu-Zn Fe2O4 nanoparticles, spanning an energy range from 122 keV to 1330 keV. This evaluation was carried out through the utilization of a NaI(Tl) detector coupled with a PC-based multichannel analyzer. The acquired data were meticulously compared with established theoretical value. The results of this study point to a viable route for using this simple, cost-effective, and low-temperature synthesis approach to create nanomaterials suited for gamma ray shielding applications, as well as broader radiation protection. This novel technique has the potential to significantly improve radiation shielding technology. Along with this fast neutron attenuation capability of this prepared ferrite samples have been studied in terms of fast neutron removal cross section.

Assessment of Mediterranean Citrus Peel Flavonoids and Their Antioxidant Capacity Using an Innovative UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Approach.

Citrus fruits exert various beneficial health effects due to the large amount of polyphenols they contain. Citrus peels, often considered food waste, contain several health-promoting polyphenols. Among these, flavonoids have long been quantified through colorimetric assays which, if not adequately applied, can lead to conflicting results. Flavonoids possess strong antioxidant properties and can decrease circulating free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress phenomena. Quantifying flavonoids and properly estimating their antioxidant capacity allows us to predict plausible beneficial effects of citrus fruits on human health. The aim of this research was to analyze the advantageous phenolic compounds found in the peels of citrus fruits commonly found in the Mediterranean region. The objective was to measure their antioxidant capacity and ability to neutralize free radicals. To achieve this purpose, UV-visible spectrophotometric analyses, liquid chromatography (LC) and Electron Paramagnetic Spectroscopy (EPR) were utilized and compared, finally suggesting an innovative approach for assessing the overall flavonoid content by the nitrite-aluminum assay. HPLC data demonstrated that hesperidin was the most abundant flavonoid in all peel extracts except for orange peels, in which naringin was the predominant flavonoid. The total flavonoid content was greater than 1.3 mg/mL in all extracts, with tangerine and orange yielding the best results. Citrus peel polyphenols exerted strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects, inhibiting up to 75% of the free radicals used as reference in the EPR analyses.

Systematic studies on the effect of structural modification of orange peel for remediation of phenol contaminated water.

In the present study, orange peel biochar has been utilized as the adsorbent for the removal of phenol from contaminated water. The biochar was prepared by thermal activation process at three different temperature 300, 500 and 700°C and are defined as B300, B500, and B700 respectively. The synthesized biochar has been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), RAMAN spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. SEM analysis revealed a highly irregular and porous structure for B700 as compared with others. The parameters such as initial phenol concentration, pH, adsorption dosage, and contact time were optimized, and the maximum adsorption efficiency and capacity of about 99.2% and 31.0 mg/g was achieved for B700 for phenol adsorption. The Branauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and Berrate-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore diameter obtained for B700 were about 67.5 m2 /g and 3.8 nm. The adsorption of phenol onto the biochar followed Langmuir isotherm showing linear fit with R2 = 0.99, indicating monolayer adsorption. The kinetic data for adsorption is best fitted for pseudo-second order. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° values obtained are negative, which means that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. The adsorption efficiency of phenol marginally declined from 99.2% to 50.12% after five consecutive reuse cycles. The study shows that the high-temperature activation increased the porosity and number of active sites over the orange peel biochar for efficient adsorption of phenol. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Orange peel is thermally activated at 300, 500, and 700°C for structure modification. Orange peel biochars were characterized for its structure, morphology, functional groups, and adsorption behavior. High-temperature activation improved the adsorption efficiency up to 99.21% due to high porosity.

Adsorption of nitrate and nitrite anion by modified maize stalks from aqueous solutions.

The newly developed aminated maize stalk (AMS) was prepared by a chemical process using charred maize stalk (CMS). The AMS was used for the removal of nitrate and nitrite ions from aqueous media. The effects of initial anion concentration, contact time, and pH were studied by the batch method. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM , and elemental analysis. The concentration of the nitrate and nitrite solution before and after was determined with the help of a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 294.11 mg/g for nitrate and 232.55 mg/g for nitrite, respectively, at pH 5 for both ions attaining equilibrium within 60 min. The BET surface area of AMS was found to be 25.3 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.02cc/g. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fit well, and the adsorption data supported the Langmuir isotherm. The findings revealed that AMS has a high capability for removing nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) ions from their aqueous solutions.

Characterization of Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) leaf extract and its silver nanoparticles reveal their antioxidative, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Nanotechnology is the integrative science in the field of physics, chemistry and biology. For the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, a simple approach was applied using Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) aqueous leaf extract. During the synthesis of this silver nanoparticle, the solution color changes from green to deep brown due to the reduction of silver. The phytocompounds present in the Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) leaf extract acts as a reducing as well as a capping agent. Identifying the presence of bioactive compounds responsible for the reduction of silver was extensively characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM, and EDX. Moreover, to know the efficacy of the silver nanoparticles (AgNps) antioxidant and antimicrobial studies were evaluated against the human pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis of the leaf extract of Firmiana colorata has been done followed by the in-silico molecular docking against the Anti-inflammatory and oxidative protein. Here within this study, a comparative evaluation was done among the Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) leaf extract and the synthesized silver nanoparticles. Results indicate that ethnomedicinally lesser known Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) and AgNps have the potency to act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antimicrobial agents.

Preparation of fatty acid-based ternary deep eutectic solvents: Application for determination of tetracycline residue in water, honey and milk samples by using vortex-assisted microextraction.

Simple, rapid, low cost, selective, and sensitive analytical method was developed using fatty acid-based ternary deep eutectic solvents (TDESs) for extraction and determination of tetracycline in honey, milk and water samples by vortex assisted (VA) microextraction and UV-vis spectrophotometer. Four different TDES were prepared by combination of nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, decanoic, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid. Analytical parameters such as pH, TDES types and its molar ratio, dispersive solvent types and solvent volume and salt effect were optimized. VA-TDES method was good recovery of tetracycline in the samples from 94 to 99%. The LOD and LOQ values were found 1.0 and 3.3 µg L-1, respectively. The linear range of calibration graph was 3.3 -450 µg L-1. Intra-day and inter-day precision was found 2.8-4.1% and 3.6-5.2%. Enhancement factor was found 109. The factorial design was drawn to evaluate the significant level of factors and effects of variables on the recovery of tetracycline. Standard addition method was used for the validation and accuracy of the method. Present VA-TDES method was successfully applied to real samples.

Stormwater monitoring using on-line UV-Vis spectroscopy.

Stormwater runoff contains a myriad of pollutants, including faecal microbes, and can pose a threat to urban water supplies, impacting both economic development and public health. Therefore, it is a necessity to implement a real-time hazard detection system that can collect a substantial amount of data, assisting water authorities to develop preventive strategies to ensure the control of hazards entering drinking water sources. An on-line UV-Vis spectrophotometer was applied in the field to collect real-time continuous data for various water quality parameters (nitrate, DOC, turbidity and total suspended solids) during three storm events in Mannum, Adelaide, Australia. This study demonstrated that the trends for on-line and comparative laboratory-analysed samples were complimentary through the events. Nitrate and DOC showed a negative correlation with water level, while turbidity and total suspended solids indicated a positive correlation with water level during the high rainfall intensity. The correlations among nitrate, DOC, turbidity, total suspended solids and water level are the opposite during low rainfall intensity. Nitrate, one of the main pollutants in stormwater, was investigated and used as a surrogate parameter for microbial detection. However, the microbiological data (Escherichia coli) from captured storm events showed poor correlations to nitrate and other typical on-line parameters in this study. This is possibly explained by the nature of the stormwater catchment outside of rain events, where the sources of bacteria and nutrients may be physically separated until mixed during surface runoff as a result of rainfall. In addition, the poor correlations among the microbiological data and on-line parameters could be due to the different sources of bacteria and nutrients that were transported to the stormwater drain where sampling and measurement were conducted.

A high-throughput and cost-effective microplate reader method for measuring persulfates (peroxydisulfate and peroxymonosulfate).

Frequent use of persulfates as oxidants, for in situ chemical oxidation and advanced oxidation processes, warrants the need for developing a fast and efficient method for measuring persulfate concentrations in aqueous samples in the lab and on site. Here, we propose a modified method, based on Liang et al.'s (2008) spectrophotometric method, for measuring both peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in the aqueous samples. Our method involves a deep 96-well plate, multi-channel pipettes, a small orbital shaker, and a microplate reader; allowing the preparation and analysis of up to 96 samples in one run. Our proposed method shortens the time by 10 folds, consumes only ∼2% of the original reagents, and generates only ∼2% of the liquid waste compared to the Liang et al.'s method, thus, making our method high-throughput, time-efficient, and cost-effective with reduced environmental impact. The presented microplate reader method is validated in terms of linearity, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, precision, robustness, and selectivity. All the parameters satisfied the acceptance criteria, according to ICH guidelines. The linearity of calibration curves was evaluated by performing the F-test. In general, our method has linear ranges from 20 to 42,000 and 5 to 40,960 µM for PDS and PMS, respectively. Accuracy (% recovery) results suggested that the LOD and LOQ based on the standard deviation of y-intercepts of the regression lines were the most reliable. The LOD/LOQ values for PDS and PMS were 14.7/44.1 and 4.6/14.4 µM, respectively. The proposed method was also modified to work with a standard cuvette spectrophotometer and was validated. A comparison with the UHPLC analysis of PDS showed that our microplate reader method performed equivalently or even outperformed the UHPLC method, in the presence of common groundwater constituents and organic contaminants.

Determination of amoxicillin trihydrate impurities 4-hydroxyphenylglycine (4-HPG) and 6-Aminopenicylanic acid (6-APA) by means of ultraviolet spectroscopy.

Amoxicillin is one of the broad-spectrumß-lactam antibiotics widely used in the treatment of many diseases. It is inevitable that 4-hydroxyphenylglycine (4-HPG) and 6-Aminopenicylanic acid (6-APA), which are used during the production of this antibiotic, are incorporated into the molecular lattice of the product as impurities. Today, many expensive methods and chemical devices are used for the purification of Amoxicillin by determining 6-APA and 4-HPG, which are defined as impurities. In this study, it was aimed to develop a fast, simple, and specific UV-spectrophotometric method for the determination of 4-HPG and 6-APA. Another aim of this article is to cause as little harm as possible to the environment and human health by using as few chemicals as possible throughout the study. In this study, all attempts to determine 6-APA and 4-HPG, which are impurities in the production of amoxicillin, were carried out with the help of a UV/VIS spectrophotometer. Also, Four different concentrations of NaOH were used as a solvent for each impurity. UV spectra of 4-HPG and 6-APA concentrations between 210 and 400 nm were measured. In the literature, the UV spectrum of 4-HPG has been revealed for the first time in this study and examined in detail. The UV spectrum of 4-HPG was characterized in 3 regions. Again, the response of 6-APA to different NaOH concentrations was demonstrated for the first time in this study. It was determined that the peaks of 6-APA dissolved in NaOH shifted from 222 nm to 227 nm depending on the concentration amount. In addition, it is an ideal green procedure that makes a difference in the literature, as the study is carried out for the control and determination of impurities without the use of any organic solvents or chemicals harmful to the environment.

Synthesized of poly(vinyl benzyl dithiocarbonate-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate) block copolymer as adsorbent for the vortex-assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction of patulin from apple products and dried fruits.

A new and novel poly(vinyl benzyl dithiocarbonate-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate) block copolymer (Pvb-DMA-Xa) as adsorbent was synthesized for the vortex-assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction (VA-DSPME) of patulin from apple products and dried fruits using Uv-visible spectrophotometer. The characterization of synthesized Pvb-DMA-Xa block copolymer was performed with Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) technique. Analytical characteristics such as pH, sorbent amount, adsorption time, eluent type and its volume, desorption time and adsorption capacity were optimized. Limit of detection (3Sb/m) and limit of quantitation (10Sb/m) were found 0.3 and 1.0 ng mL-1. Linear dynamic range (LDR), relative standard deviation (RSD) and recovery values were found in the range of 1-30 ng mL-1, 2.1-2.7 % and 93.5-97.3 %, respectively. Enhancement factor (EF) was found 193. The accuracy of the method was confirmed with standard addition method and analyzing of samples by reference method.

Use of a reflectance spectroscopy accessory for optical characterization of ZnO-Bi(2)O(3)-TiO(2) ceramics.

The optical band-gap energy (E(g)) is an important feature of semiconductors which determines their applications in optoelectronics. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the electronic states of ceramic ZnO and the effect of doped impurities under different processing conditions. E(g) of the ceramic ZnO + xBi(2)O(3) + xTiO(2), where x = 0.5 mol%, was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer attached to a Reflectance Spectroscopy Accessory for powdered samples. The samples was prepared using the solid-state route and sintered at temperatures from 1140 to 1260 °C for 45 and 90 minutes. E(g) was observed to decrease with an increase of sintering temperature. XRD analysis indicated hexagonal ZnO and few small peaks of intergranular layers of secondary phases. The relative density of the sintered ceramics decreased and the average grain size increased with the increase of sintering temperature.

Development of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Technique for the Extraction of Natural Coloring Substance Chlorophyll from Leaves of Carica papaya.

Beautiful green leaves of Papaya are the rich source of Chlorophyll. Green color of chlorophyll has been used for a very long time as a natural colorant. Carica papaya has been considered as a good example and reasonable source of natural phytochemicals, which makes it suitable to color the food items and beverages. The aim of the present investigation is to develop the process of ultrasonic extraction in combination with solid phase extraction (SPE) to extract out chlorophyll with high yield as well as high degree of clarity. Newly customized ultrasonic-assisted extraction technique for the extraction of chlorophyll from Carica papaya leaves is optimized by taking different parameters like time, temperature, solvents concentrations, and raw material under consideration. Furthermore, the extract was purified by means of SPE and examined by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The highest yield of chlorophyll (dye) extract was found as 40% in solvent solution having 80 mL of ethanol and 20 mL of water with 5 minutes of extraction time, 35°C of temperature, and 1 grams of raw material in the sonication bath. Furthermore, the SPE purified sample was characterized by means of the UV-Vis spectrophotometer and here the total chlorophyll content was 34 mg/g, including chlorophyll a with a concentration of 14.1246 mg/g and chlorophyll b with concentration of 19.845 mg/g respectively. Consequently, sonication method can be suggested as a good method to get better concentration of chlorophyll.