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1.
Infant Ment Health J ; 44(4): 513-525, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37062066

RESUMO

This study was conducted to gather information to inform key stakeholders in Virginia's Early Childhood Mental Health workforce who are involved in the Infant Mental Health Endorsement® . An "Endorsement® indicates an individual's efforts to specialize in the promotion and practice of infant or early childhood mental health within his/her own chosen discipline" (Virginia Association for Infant Mental Health, 2021). The following research questions guided this study: (1) who is part of the infant mental health endorsed workforce in Virginia; (2) what are the benefits and barriers to the Endorsement® process. A total of 115 individuals who were or are involved in the Endorsement® as endorsees or advisors were participants in the study. Participants cited many benefits of obtaining their Infant Mental Health Endorsement® , including general professional development and connecting to other professionals in the field. Barriers to obtaining the Endorsement® included time and financial restraints related to obtaining reflective supervision from a qualified Reflective Supervisor. Results from the study will be used to inform the Infant Mental Health Endorsement® process, and applied to the Early Childhood Mental Health Endorsement® in 2023.


Este estudio se llevó a cabo para recoger información para informarles a las partes interesadas de la fuerza laboral del campo de Salud Mental en la Temprana Niñez de Virginia que participan en el Endoso® de Salud Mental Infantil. Un "Endoso® o Aceptación indica los esfuerzos de un individuo de especializarse en la promoción y práctica de salud mental infantil o en la temprana niñez dentro de su escogida disciplina." (Asociación de Salud Mental Infantil de Virginia, 2021). Las siguientes preguntas investigativas guiaron este estudio: 1) ¿quién es parte de la aceptada fuerza laboral de salud mental infantil en Virginia?; 2) ¿cuáles son los beneficios y obstáculos al proceso de Endoso® o Aceptación? Un total de 115 individuos que estaban o están participando en el proceso de Endoso® como personas que aceptan o como consejeros fue el número de participantes en el estudio. Los participantes citaron muchos beneficios de obtener su Endoso® de Salud Mental Infantil, incluyendo el desarrollo profesional general y la conexión con otros profesionales en el campo. Entre los obstáculos de obtener el Endoso® se incluyen las restricciones de tiempo y financieras relacionadas con conseguir una supervisión con reflexión por parte de un Supervisor con Reflexión calificado. Los resultados del estudio se usarán para apoyar el proceso de Endoso® de Salud Mental Infantil y aplicar el Endoso® de Salud Mental en la Temprana Niñez en 2023.


Cette étude a été faite pour rassembler des données afin d'informer les parties prenantes clés du personnel de Santé Mentale de la Petite Enfance de l'état de Virginie aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique qui sont impliqués dans l'initiative d'endossement Infant Mental Health Endorsement®. Un "endossement" ("Endorsement®") "indique les efforts d'un individu pour se spécialiser dans la promotion et la pratique de la santé mentale du nourrisson ou de la petite enfance au soin de sa propre discipline choisie ¼ (Virginia Association for Infant Mental Health, 2021). Les questions de recherche suivantes ont guide cette étude: 1) qui fait partie du personnel endossé de la santé mentale de la petite enfance en Virginie; 2) quels sont les avantages et les obstacles au processus d'endossement (Endorsement®). Un total de 115 individus qui étaient ou sont impliqués dans l'endossement ou des conseillers ont constitué les participants à l'étude. Les participants ont indiqué plusieurs bénéfices à obtenir leur Endossement de Santé Mentale de la Petite Enfance, y compris la formation professionnelle générale et les contacts avec d'autres professionnels du domaine. Les obstacles à l'obtention de l'Endossement ont inclus le manque de temps ou les restrictions financières liées à l'obtention de la supervision de réflexion d'un Superviseur de Réflexion qualifié. Les résultats de cette étude seront utilisés afin d'améliorer le processus de l'endossement Infant Mental Health Endorsement®, et appliqués à l'endossement Early Childhood Mental Health Endorsement® en 2023.


Assuntos
Saúde do Lactente , Saúde Mental , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Virginia , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia
2.
Can J Diet Pract Res ; 83(3): 144-146, 2022 09 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35503895

RESUMO

Purpose: A pilot study to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and shift to online learning and practicum training on dietetics students' perceptions of Partnership for Dietetic Education and Practice (PDEP) competency acquisition and mental health.Methods: Dietetics students (n = 19) at the University of Guelph (2020-2021) were invited to complete an anonymous online survey to assess self-reported online dietetics practicum training experiences including (i) benefits and challenges, (ii) PDEP competency acquisition, and (iii) impact on mental health.Results: The benefits of online dietetics training included schedule flexibility (42.1%), reduced commute time (31.6%), and acquiring virtual counselling experience (21.1%). Reported challenges were insufficient communication with preceptors (36.8%), increased project workload (57.9%), and technology (15.8%). In online practicum placements, 52.6% of dietetics students reported adequately acquiring all PDEP competencies, with Nutrition Care identified as the most challenging to obtain (63.2%). A negative impact on mental health and increased levels of stress/anxiety were reported in 94.7% of trainees. Notably, 63.2% of students favoured continuation of online dietetics training through a hybrid or entirely online format.Conclusion: Online dietetics training has the potential to complement the traditional in-person model; however, further adaptation is required to optimize PDEP competency acquisition and students' mental health.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Dietética , Dietética/educação , Humanos , Saúde Mental , Pandemias , Projetos Piloto
3.
Infant Ment Health J ; 43(2): 266-286, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35170777

RESUMO

The growth in professional development for the infant-early childhood workforce has necessitated the implementation of novel, sustainable approaches to meet infant early childhood mental health (IECMH) training and reflective supervision consultation (RSC) needs. The 12-month pilot of a US statewide reflective consultation (RC) group model included IECMH consultants, grant specialists, supervisors, and program managers (n = 38) and their group reflective consultants (n = 6). The pilot evaluation provided an opportunity to design a study that assessed the impact of RC on infant-early childhood professionals. The mixed-methods study included an assessment of consultees' reflective practice skills and experience of their work. Findings included consultees' self-reported increased reflective practice self-efficacy and increased use of reflective practice skills. While there were no changes in the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, or depersonalization results, qualitative findings indicated a decrease in burnout and an increase in relationship-based practice across professional roles. This unique pilot provides an example of an organizational approach to instituting RC with a broad spectrum of infant-early childhood professionals and yields valuable information about the impacts of RC models on such professionals' work experience and professional practice.


El crecimiento en cuanto al desarrollo profesional para los trabajadores del área de infancia y temprana niñez ha necesitado de la implementación de acercamientos novedosos y sostenibles para cumplir con las necesidades de entrenamiento y consulta de supervisión con reflexión (RSC) del campo de la salud mental en la infancia y temprana niñez (IECMH). El plan piloto de 12 meses de un modelo de grupo de consulta con reflexión (RC) a lo largo y ancho de los estados de Estados Unidos incluyó consultores de IECMH, especialistas en fondos de financiación, supervisores y directores de programas (n = 38) y los consultores d reflexión de sus grupos (n = 6). L evaluación del plan piloto proveyó una oportunidad para diseñar un estudio que evaluara los impactos que RC tiene en los profesionales de infancia y temprana niñez. El estudio de métodos combinados incluyó una evaluación de las habilidades prácticas y experiencias reflexivas de trabajo de los consultantes. Los resultados incluyen los auto reportes de los consultantes sobre el aumento de la práctica reflexiva de auto eficacia y el aumento del uso de las habilidades de la práctica con reflexión. Aunque no se dieron cambios en cuanto a los logros personales, el agotamiento emocional o los resultados de despersonalización en el Inventario de Agotamiento de Maslach (MBI), los resultados cualitativos indicaron una baja en el agotamiento y un aumento en la práctica basada en la relación a lo largo de los roles profesionales. Este plan piloto único ofrece un ejemplo de un acercamiento organizacional para instituir RC con un enfoque amplio de los profesionales de la infancia y temprana niñez y aporta información de valor acerca de los impactos que los modelos RC tienen sobre las experiencias de trabajo y la práctica profesional de esos profesionales.


La croissance de la formation professionnelle pour les professionnels de la santé des nourrissons et de la petite enfance a nécessité la mise en place d'approches innovatrices et durables afin de remplir les besoins de formation et de consultation de supervision réflective (RSC) de la santé mentale du nourrisson et de la petite enfance (IECMH). Une étude pilote de 12 mois d'un modèle de groupe de consultation réflective (abrégé RC en anglaise) dans un état des Etats-Unis a inclus des consultants IECMH, des spécialistes des subventions, des superviseurs et des gestionnaires de programme (n = 38) et leurs consultants de groupe de réflexion (n = 6). Cette évaluation pilote a présenté l'opportunité de concevoir une étude évaluant les impacts de la RC sur les professionnels de la santé des nourrissons et de la petite enfance. Cette méthode d'étude mixte a inclus une évaluation des compétences en pratique réflective des personnes consultées et de leurs expériences de leur travail. Les résultats ont inclus une pratique d'auto-efficacité réflective plus élevée (auto-rapportée par les consultés) et une utilisation de compétences de pratique de réflexion plus élevée. Bien qu'il n'y ait pas eu de changements dans la réalisation personnelle, l'épuisement émotionnel ou les résultats de dépersonnalisation de l'Inventaire de Burnout de Maslach (MBI) les résultats qualitatifs ont indiqué une baisse du burnout et une augmentation de la pratique basée sur la relation au travers des rôles professionnels. Cette étude pilote unique offre un exemple d'une approche organisationnelle de l'institution de la RC avec un grand éventail de professionnels de la santé des nourrissons et de la petite enfance et offre des renseignements très utiles sur les impacts des modèles de RC sur l'expérience du travail de tels professionnels et leur pratique professionnelle.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Criança , Cuidado da Criança , Pré-Escolar , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Humanos , Lactente , Encaminhamento e Consulta
4.
Infant Ment Health J ; 43(2): 203-206, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35362562

RESUMO

The definition and implementation of reflective supervision/consultation (RS/C) in the infant early childhood mental health field (IECMH) has largely been driven by expert supervisors, researchers, and leaders in the field. The voice of the frontline practitioner, the most likely recipient of RS/C has had less prominence in the scholarly discourse, leaving unclear supervisees' perspectives on the meaning and value of RS/C. This special section addresses supervisees' experiences with RS/C across five studies. In the first two papers, researchers examined supervisees' perspectives on essential components of RS/C and perceived impacts of RS/C on their work. In paper 3, researchers report on perceived associations between RS/C and professionals' well-being. The fourth paper addresses experiences in RS/C and professionals' use of reflective practices. Finally, researchers in the fifth paper present the psychometric properties of an observational tool that focuses on the interaction between supervisors and supervisees. Collectively, the studies promote understanding about supervisees' perspectives and experiences that may benefit future research studies aimed at investigating the role of RS/C in well-being and practice and provide information for program administrators considering the inclusion of RS/C in professional development efforts.


La definición e implementación de la supervisión/consulta con reflexión (RS/C) en el campo de la salud mental infantil y la temprana niñez (IECMH) ha sido, por la mayor parte, llevada a cabo por supervisores expertos, investigadores y líderes en ese campo. La voz de quienes practican en el frente de trabajo, quienes tienen la mayor probabilidad de recibir RS/C, ha tenido menos prominencia en los acercamientos científico-profesionales, dejando no claras las perspectivas de los supervisados acerca del significado y valor de RS/C. Esta sección especial se refiere a las experiencias de los supervisados con RS/C a través de cinco estudios. En los dos primeros ensayos, los investigadores examinaron las perspectivas de los supervisados acerca de componentes esenciales de RS/C y cómo perciben el impacto de RS/C en su trabajo. En el tercer ensayo, los investigadores reportan sobre la percepción de asociaciones entre RS/C y el bienestar de los profesionales. El cuarto artículo enfoca las experiencias en cuanto a RS/C y el uso que los profesionales hacen de las prácticas de reflexión. Finalmente, los investigadores en el quinto ensayo presentan las propiedades sicométricas de una herramienta de observación que se enfoca en la interacción entre supervisores y supervisados. Colectivamente, los estudios promueven la comprensión acerca de las perspectivas y experiencias de los supervisados que pudieran beneficiar los futuros estudios investigativos cuya meta sea investigar el papel de RS/C en el bienestar y la práctica, así como aportar información para administradores de programas que estén considerando la inclusión de RS/C en los esfuerzos de desarrollo profesional.


La définition et la mise en place de la supervision/consultation réflective (abrégé selon l'anglais RS/C) dans le domaine de la santé mentale du nourrisson et de la petite enfance (IECMH) ont largement été élaborées par les experts superviseurs, les chercheurs et les leaders dans le domaine. La voix du praticien de première ligne, le plus à même d'être le récipiendaire de la RS/C, a eu moins de prominence dans le discours scientifique, menant ainsi à un manque de clarté concernant les perspectives des personnes supervisées sur la signification et la valeur de la RS/C. Ce numéro spécial aborde les expériences des personnes supervisées au moyen de la RS/C au travers de cinq études. Dans les deux premiers articles les chercheurs ont examiné les perspectives des personnes supervisées sur les composants essentiels de la RS/C et leurs impacts perçus de la RS/C sur leur travail. Dans le troisième article les chercheurs se sont penchés sur les liens perçus entre la RS/C et le bien-être des professionnels. Le quatrième article porte sur des expériences dans la RS/C et l'utilisation des pratiques réflectives faites par des professionnels. Enfin les chercheurs du cinquième article présentent les propriétés psychométriques d'un outil observationnel qui se concentre sur l'interaction entre les superviseurs et les supervisées ou supervisés. Collectivement ces études mettent en valeur la compréhension entre les perspectives et les expériences des personnes supervisées qui peuvent profiter aux recherches à venir s'attachant à explorer le rôle de la RS/C dans le bien-être et la pratique. Elles présentent aussi des renseignements utiles pour les administrateurs de programme qui considèrent l'inclusion de la RS/C dans leurs efforts de la formation professionnelle.


Assuntos
Encaminhamento e Consulta , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente
5.
Infant Ment Health J ; 39(5): 608-617, 2018 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30088281

RESUMO

Despite widespread belief in the early childhood field of the benefits of reflective supervision, there has been limited empirical evidence to support the effectiveness of reflective supervision for home visitors and the children and families they serve. The present study examined the psychometric properties of four adapted self-report measures assessing supervisors' reflective supervision capacities; the study also investigated whether these measures captured change in reflective capacity over time as supervisors participated in professional development activities focused on reflective supervision. Results from 33 participants (home visiting supervisors and program managers) suggested that three of the four measures demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, and these three measures were correlated with each other. Two of these measures also captured significant change over time. Finally, there was some evidence that those with less education demonstrated more substantial improvement in their reflective supervision capacities than did those with an advanced degree. Findings provide initial evidence for reliable, efficient, and cost-effective supervisor self-report measures that could be used in research and program evaluation to assess change in supervisor reflective capacity over time.


Assuntos
Visita Domiciliar , Organização e Administração/normas , Adulto , Criança , Intervenção Educacional Precoce/métodos , Eficiência Organizacional , Feminino , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Pessoal de Saúde/normas , Humanos , Masculino , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração , Serviços de Saúde Mental/normas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Autoimagem
6.
Can J Occup Ther ; 84(4-5): 242-252, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28643527

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Adopting a new model of clinical practice is complex. Professional development programs based on best-practice principles may facilitate this process. PURPOSE: This paper describes the development and evaluation of a multifaceted professional development program designed to support school-based occupational therapists to deliver a capacity-building model of service. METHOD: Twenty-two therapists participated in the program; completed pre-post evaluations of knowledge, skills, and beliefs; evaluated specific components of the training program; and participated in focus groups. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using a directed content analysis. FINDINGS: Therapists' perceptions of their knowledge and skills showed statistically significant change. Both training and mentorship were highly valued; however, having opportunities to build peer networks was considered essential. IMPLICATIONS: Multifaceted professional development programs designed using best-practice principles are an important mechanism for facilitating practice change. Including a process for peer support is advised.


Assuntos
Fortalecimento Institucional/organização & administração , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Terapia Ocupacional/organização & administração , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/organização & administração , Comportamento Cooperativo , Humanos , Capacitação em Serviço , Mentores , Cultura Organizacional , Grupo Associado
7.
Can J Occup Ther ; 83(5): 306-316, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27343129

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Currently, Canada and the United States are the only two countries that mandate entry to the occupational therapy profession at the master's level. There was a recommendation considered by the American Occupational Therapy Association that by 2025 all education programs would move to the clinical doctorate level. In August 2015, the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education made the formal decision that for now, the entry-level qualification for occupational therapists in the United States will remain at both the master's and clinical doctorate levels. PURPOSE: This article presents an overview of the types of doctorates available, the pros and cons of moving to the clinical doctorate, and some potential questions that will need to be considered. KEY ISSUES: Is the next step in the educational progression of occupational therapy in Canada the entry-level clinical doctorate? What are the potential implications for the profession, our clients, and funders? IMPLICATIONS: Further discourse and investigation of this issue is needed.


Assuntos
Acreditação/normas , Educação de Pós-Graduação , Terapia Ocupacional/educação , Terapia Ocupacional/normas , Canadá , Escolaridade , Humanos
8.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);25(1): 293-302, jan. 2020. graf
Artigo em Francês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055767

RESUMO

Résumé Cet article concerne le Système de Santé en France. Il souligne que dans ce pays il est essentiel de former des professionnels insérés dans un «savoir-faire¼, et également préparés aux mutations actuelles et à venir de la profession infirmière. Ainsi, une revue de la littérature a été réalisée à partir de la classification et de l'analyse des textes et des documents recherchés, nous avons essayé de comprendre le Système de Santé Français et de soins infirmiers. Cela a permis la construction de deux catégories thématiques. La première est le Service Sanitaire réalisé par les étudiants des formations en santé qui traduit la volonté du Gouvernement de placer la prévention au cœur de son action. Et la deuxième aborde la Formation des infirmiers qui est un référentiel basé sur la compétence. La démographie des infirmières en France est également abordée, ce qui met en évidence l'augmentation du nombre d'infirmières de 2010 à 2018.


Abstract This paper concerns the French Health Care System that revolutionized the rationale of the existing social protection. It emphasizes that, in this country, it is essential to train professionals integrated into a "know-how", and also prepared for the current and future changes in the nursing profession. A literature review was carried out based on the classification and analysis of the texts and documents researched, and we tried to understand the French Health and Nursing System. This allowed the construction of two thematic categories. The first one is the "Health Service" that addresses health training courses for prevention, while the second one deals with Nursing Education, which is a competency-based framework. The demography of nurses in France is also discussed, which highlights the increased number of nurses from 2010 to 2018.


Assuntos
Enfermagem/normas , Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção à Saúde , Educação em Enfermagem/normas , Competência Clínica , Assistência Centrada no Paciente , França
9.
Cad. pesqui ; Cad. pesqui;50(178): 945-963,
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1142647

RESUMO

Resumo O artigo analisa a formação profissional da enfermagem pós-1930 como parte de um processo histórico que redimensionou a profissão e sua profissionalização no Brasil. Por intermédio de documentos que remetem à experiência das primeiras alunas da Escola de Enfermagem de São Paulo, considera-se que o movimento evoca uma ruptura em relação tanto às origens quanto à manutenção das representações estabelecidas. Derivadas da instalação de um novo modelo de ensino oriundo dos Estados Unidos, mudanças processadas transferem para São Paulo o núcleo intelectual da enfermagem no Brasil, que passa a ser o centro irradiador da profissionalidade preconizada e como parte de acordos bilaterais realizados durante o Estado Novo.


Resumen El artículo analiza la formación profesional de los cursos de enfermería posteriores a 1930 como parte de un proceso histórico que redimensionó la profesión y su profesionalización en Brasil. Por intermedio de documentos que remiten a la experiencia de las primeras alumnas de la Escola de Enfermagem de São Paulo, se considera que el movimiento evoca una ruptura tanto en lo que se refiere a los orígenes como al mantenimiento de las representaciones establecidas. Derivados de la instalación de un nuevo modelo de enseñanza proveniente de Estados Unidos, los cambios efectuados trasladan a São Paulo el núcleo intelectual de la enfermería en Brasil, pasando a ser esta ciudad el centro irradiador de la profesionalidad preconizada y parte de acuerdos bilaterales realizados durante el Estado Novo.


Résumé L'article analyse la formation professionnelle en infirmerie après 1930 comme partie integrante d'un processus historique qui a redimensionné la profession et sa professionnalisation au Brésil. Par moyen des documents qui renvoyent à l'expérience des premières élèves de l'Escola de Enfermagem de São Paulo, on considère que le mouvement évoque une rupture par rapport aussi bien aux origines qu'à la maintenance des réprésentations établies. Dérivés de l'installation d'un nouveau modèle d'enseignement des États-Unis, les changements effectués déplacent à São Paulo le noyau intellectuel de l'infirmerie au Brésil, qui devient le centre de rayonnement du professionnalisme préconisé et fait partie des accords bilatéraux réalisés pendant l'Estado Novo.


Abstract This paper analyzes the professional formation of nursing in Brazil after the 1930s as part of a historical process that evaluates the professions and the professionalization in the country. Through several documents on the experience of the first female students at the Escola de Enfermagem de São Paulo, the movement is thought to underscore a rupture regarding the origins and the maintenance of representations established for nurses in Brazil. Changes were transposed from the new nursing model in the United States and applied in São Paulo as the nursing's intellectual nucleus, center of professionalism as part of joint ventures undertaken during the Brazilian Estado Novo.

10.
Cad. pesqui ; Cad. pesqui;50(176): 396-409, abr.-jun. 2020.
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1132918

RESUMO

Resumo Este artigo discute o processo de formação de engenheiros a partir de observações de uma disciplina de usinagem em um curso de Engenharia Mecânica. Subsidiaram a coleta de dados e sua interpretação a história da engenharia no Brasil, assim como a sociologia das profissões. Assim, entendeu-se como o conhecimento sistematizado desse grupo é mobilizado para marcar posições hierárquicas internas à profissão e em relação a grupos externos. Os dados apontam para uma hierarquização fundamentada na oposição entre formação acadêmica e práticas improvisadas do chão de fábrica, a despeito da estreita relação desses profissionais com tais práticas. Essa oposição assume contornos de forte violência simbólica quando deparada com a variável gênero no processo de formação desses engenheiros.


Résumé Cet article traite du processus de formation d'un groupe d'ingénieurs, à partir d'observations réalisées lors d'un laboratoire d'usinage dans un cours de génie mécanique. L'histoire de l'ingénierie au Brésil et la sociologie des professions ont subsidié l´ínterpretation. Grâce à cela, il a été possible de comprendre comment la connaissance systématisée de ce groupe se mobilise pour marquer les positions hiérarchiques internes, mais aussi par rapport à des groupes externes à la profession. Les données montrent qu'il existe une hiérarchisation basée sur l'opposition entre formation académique et pratiques de rafistolage improvisées en atelier, malgré la relation étroite qu'il y a entre les professionnels et de telles pratiques. Cette opposition prend les contours d'une forte violence symbolique face à la variable de genre dans le processus de formation de ces ingénieurs.


Resumen Este artículo discute el proceso de formación de ingenieros a partir de observaciones de una asignatura de maquinado en un curso de Ingeniería Mecánica. Se subsidió la recolección de datos y su interpretación de la historia de la ingeniería en Brasil, así como la sociología de las profesiones. De este modo se entendió como el conocimiento sistematizado de dicho grupo se moviliza para marcar posiciones jerárquicas internas a la profesión y en relación a grupos externos. Los datos señalan una jerarquización fundamentada en la oposición entre formación académica y prácticas improvisadas del piso de fábrica, a pesar de la estrecha relación de estos profesionales con tales prácticas. Esta oposición adquiere contornos de fuerte violencia simbólica cuando se encuentra una variable de género en el proceso de formación de tales ingenieros.


Abstract This paper discusses the process of training engineers, from observations of a machining course in a Mechanical Engineering program. Data collection and interpretation were subsidized by the history of engineering in Brazil, as well as the sociology of professions. Thus, it was understood how the systematized knowledge of this group is used to indicate internal, hierarchical positions within the profession and in relation to external groups. Data points to a hierarchization based on the opposition between academic training and improvised practices from the factory floor, despite the close relationship of these professionals with such practices. This opposition carries strong, symbolic violence when faced with the gender variable in the process of training these engineers.

11.
Rev Mal Respir ; 31(1): 21-8, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24461439

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the feelings of residents in respiratory medicine regarding the quality and organization of their training and towards their career prospects. METHODS: A prospective survey conducted over the Internet among all the members of the French Young Pulmonologists Association (AJPO2). RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-two (71.5%) members responded. The rating given to theoretical training was 6 [5-7] whereas the practical training was rated at 7 [6-8] out of 10. The majority of the residents considered that the length of their course should be adapted (80.3%). Of them, 74.2% wanted to add a mandatory semester. The proposed mandatory semester was in bronchoscopy (40.3%). Seventy-two percent of the resident wanted to acquire a specialisation, the most common of which was in oncology (36.6%). Among the residents, 96.2% wanted to conduct a fellowship. The main reason for this was their feeling of inability to correctly handle patients at the end of their residency. Of the residents, 55.3% were considering working in a public hospital. CONCLUSION: There are opportunities to improve the French respiratory residency training both in its theory and practical aspects. The modalities of this training could also be adapted. Access to a fellowship is a major concern for the residents.


Assuntos
Escolha da Profissão , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Medicina/normas , Internato e Residência/normas , Pneumologia/educação , Estudantes de Medicina , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Bolsas de Estudo/normas , França , Humanos , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Pneumologia/normas , Especialização/normas , Inquéritos e Questionários
12.
Physiother Can ; 64(2): 157-66, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23450117

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To determine the perceptions of educators and students in Canadian entry-level professional physiotherapy programmes with respect to the current draping curriculum and the methods of delivery of that content and to determine if there is a need for additional draping education time and resources in these programmes. METHODS: Canadian university physiotherapy students (n=127) and educators (n=183) completed questionnaires designed by the authors. Data were collected via Survey Monkey, exported as Excel files, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square analysis. RESULTS: Students and educators agreed that dignity as a concept and draping as a skill to protect patient dignity are both important and should be included in Canadian physiotherapy curricula. Respondents also agreed that students often have difficulty with draping. Educators identified barriers to teaching draping while students identified components of an effective educational resource on draping. CONCLUSIONS: To enhance the development of effective draping skills among entry-level physiotherapists, draping education should be included in Canadian physiotherapy curricula. An effective draping educational resource should be developed for educators and students.Purpose: To determine the perceptions of educators and students in Canadian entry-level professional physiotherapy programmes with respect to the current draping curriculum and the methods of delivery of that content and to determine if there is a need for additional draping education time and resources in these programmes. Methods: Canadian university physiotherapy students (n=127) and educators (n=183) completed questionnaires designed by the authors. Data were collected via Survey Monkey, exported as Excel files, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square analysis. Results: Students and educators agreed that dignity as a concept and draping as a skill to protect patient dignity are both important and should be included in Canadian physiotherapy curricula. Respondents also agreed that students often have difficulty with draping. Educators identified barriers to teaching draping while students identified components of an effective educational resource on draping. Conclusions: To enhance the development of effective draping skills among entry-level physiotherapists, draping education should be included in Canadian physiotherapy curricula. An effective draping educational resource should be developed for educators and students.


RÉSUMÉ Objectif : Préciser les perceptions des éducateurs et des étudiants dans des programmes de niveau d'entrée en physiothérapie face au programme de cours en drapement et à la façon dont cette formation est enseignée afin de déterminer s'il serait nécessaire de consacrer plus de temps et plus de ressources à la formation en drapement des patients. Méthode : Des étudiants en physiothérapie canadiens (n=127) et des enseignants (n=183) ont rempli des questionnaires conçus par les auteurs. Les données ont été recueillies à l'aide de l'outil Survey Monkey, exportées sous forme de fichier Excel, puis ont fait l'objet d'une analyse en statistiques descriptives et d'une analyse du khi-carré de Pearson. Résultats : Les étudiants et les enseignants s'accordent pour dire que la notion de dignité et le drapement en tant que compétence ont tous deux leur importance et doivent être inclus dans les programmes de cours en physiothérapie au Canada. Les répondants se disent également d'accord sur le fait que les étudiants éprouvent souvent des difficultés avec le drapement. Les formateurs et les enseignants ont précisé les obstacles à l'enseignement du drapement et les étudiants ont identifié les composantes d'une ressource éducative efficace pour l'enseignement du drapement. Conclusions : Pour améliorer l'acquisition de techniques de drapement efficaces chez les étudiants débutants, une formation en drapement devrait être incluse dans les programmes de cours en physiothérapie au Canada. Une ressource éducative efficace sur ces techniques devrait également être produite à l'intention des éducateurs et des étudiants.

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