Future of Allergy and Immunology: Is AI the Key in the Digital Era?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping allergy and immunology by integrating cutting-edge technology to enhance patient outcomes and redefine clinical practices and research. This review examines AI's evolving role, emphasizing its impact on diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatments, and innovative research methodologies. AI has advanced diagnostic tools, such as models predicting allergen sensitivity, and enhanced immunotherapy strategies. Its ability to process extensive datasets has enabled deeper understanding of allergic diseases and immune system responses, leading to more accurate, effective and tailored treatments. Furthermore, AI is facilitating personalized care through AI-driven allergen mapping, automated patient monitoring, and targeted immunotherapy. The integration of AI into clinical practice promises a future where allergy and immunology are characterized by precisely customized healthcare solutions. This review adheres to PRISMA flowchart, with a comprehensive analysis of databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and preprint platforms using keywords related to AI and allergy and immunology. From an initial pool of 192 studies, 20 documents were selected based on inclusion criteria. Our findings highlight how AI is transforming allergy and immunology by enhancing patient care, research methodologies, and clinical innovation, offering a glimpse into the near future of technology-driven healthcare in these fields.

Future minds are not a challenge to anti-natalism: A reply to Gould.

Deke Caiñas Gould (2021) argues that the possibility of future non-human-like minds who are not harmed by coming into existence poses a challenge to David Benatar's well-known Asymmetry Argument for anti-natalism. Since the good of these future minds has the potential to outweigh the current harms of human existence, they can be appealed to in order to justify procreation. I argue that Gould's argument rests on a fundamental misunderstanding of Benatar's argument. According to the Asymmetry Argument, if a person experiences any harm at all, then bringing them into existence is unjustified. It does not depend upon on-balance judgments about the relative harms and benefits of existence. It therefore remains impermissible to procreate right now in our world, regardless of the prospect of future humans contributing to the successful development of beings who are not harmed by existence. I conclude by addressing two alternate readings of Gould, which, for the sake of argument, permit such on-balance judgments, and show why they fail to rescue his case. Benatar's Asymmetry Argument might be unsound, but not for any reason identified by Gould.

A radical imagination for nursing: Generative insurrection, creative resistance.

In the crucible of the pandemic, it has never before been clearer that, to ensure the relevance and even the survival of the discipline, nursing must cultivate a radical imagination. In the paper that follows, I trace the imperative for conjuring a radical imagination for nursing. In this fever dream for nursing futures, built on speculative visions of what could be, I draw on anarchist, abolitionist, posthuman, Black feminist, new materialist and other big ideas to plant seeds of generative insurrection and creative resistance. In thinking through a radical imagination, I unpack the significance of reparatory history for nursing, a discipline founded on normative whiteness. From there, I consider what it would take to shift the capitalist frame of healthcare to one of mutual aid, which requires the deep work of abolition. With a radical imagination that breaks down the enclosures that contain us through reparatory history, mutual aid and abolition, kinship becomes urgently possible.

Will virtual rehabilitation replace clinicians: a contemporary debate about technological versus human obsolescence.

This article is inspired by a pseudo Oxford-style debate, which was held in Tel Aviv University, Israel at the International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR) 2019, which is the official conference of the International Society for Virtual Rehabilitation. The debate, between two 2-person teams with a moderator, was organized by the ICVR Program committee to address the question "Will virtual rehabilitation replace clinicians?" It brought together five academics with technical, research, and/or clinical backgrounds-Gerry Fluet, Tal Krasovsky, Anat Lubetzky, Philippe Archambault, W. Geoffrey Wright-to debate the pros and cons of using virtual reality (VR) and related technologies to help assess, diagnose, treat, and track recovery, and more specifically investigate the likelihood that advanced technology will ultimately replace human clinicians. Both teams were assigned a side to defend, whether it represented their own viewpoint or not, and to take whatever positions necessary to make a persuasive argument and win the debate. In this paper we present a recapitulation of the arguments presented by both sides, and further include an in-depth consideration of the question. We attempt to judiciously lay out a number of arguments that fall along a spectrum from moderate to extreme; the most extreme and/or indefensible positions are presented for rhetorical and demonstrative purposes. Although there may not be a clear answer today, this paper raises questions which are related to the basic nature of the rehabilitation profession, and to the current and potential role of technology within it.

Futurism in nursing: Technology, robotics and the fundamentals of care.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the concept of futurism and the emergence of robotics in relation to the fundamentals of care, highlighting how nurses need a more anticipatory and contemporary position towards technology to maintain relevance in the future. BACKGROUND: The future of nursing in Western countries will soon be linked with the emergence of robotics for efficient and cost-effective provision of fundamental care. Their emergence and roles with care of the body and more broadly assisting people with their daily living activities has enormous implications for the profession and health care. Despite this importance, how nursing understands and will respond to technological trends and developments is insufficiently reflected in the professions discourse. DESIGN: A discursive article. METHODS: Literature from nursing fundamentals of care/fundamental care, information science, technology, humanities and philosophy informed the arguments in this article. CONCLUSIONS: This article examines the intersection of futurism and the fundamentals of care, and how adopting an anticipatory and posthuman perspective towards technological-care integration is necessary amidst a robot revolution in the techno-era. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nurses are currently challenged to understand, prioritise and deliver fundamental care. Health systems are challenged by a lack of care predicated by shortfalls in skilled staff and deficiencies in staff mobilisation. Both challenges can be compounded or alleviated by further integration of technology, but to maximise benefit requires forethought and understanding. This article can help open needed dialogue around planning for the future and is a call to action for the nursing profession to conceptualise its position on exponential technological growth and fundamental care provision.

Public Health Students' Perspectives on the Future of Public Health Education.

Our society faces an uncertain future and the field of public health will have an important role to play in shaping this future. This article introduces the special issue The Future of Health Education & Behavior which is focused on perspectives and research led by student authors. Our call for papers encouraged student perspectives that envisioned, challenged, and critiqued the future for health education and behavior. We summarize the articles included in this issue which cover topics such as gaps or future directions for public health training programs, perspectives on pressing issues facing our society, and empirical articles on critical public health topics. Many of the articles in the special issue point boldly to a future that more directly and critically confronts systems of oppression and moves away from a traditional emphasis on individual-level behaviors. These articles can help our field evolve and adapt to fully address the most pressing issues of our time.

Renovate my uterus: Aging queerly through performance art and karaoke.

Intimate Karaoke, Live at Uterine Concert Hall (IK-UCH) is a performance-based sound installation that examines vulnerability and shared intimacy through the site of my body by inviting audiences to sing their favourite karaoke song into my uterus while other audience members listen via stethoscope through my flesh. This article uses this project as a case study to examine the queering of the uterus as a site of production (not reproduction) and recoups the perceived uselessness of my middle-aging queer female body. This work connects to Linn Sandberg and Barbara Marshall's critique of the "problematic ways that aging and imagined futures are intertwined with heteronormativity in contemporary Western cultures" and how "some aging bodies and subjectivities are understood as desirable and taken-for-granted while others are constructed as unwanted and problematic" in their article, "Queering Aging Futures" (2). To make the body, vagina, cervix, and uterus structural materials for a venue is to renovate their functions outside of the logics of cisheteropatriarchy and reproductive futurity and further trouble mainstream perceptions of aging. I challenge heterocentric human reproduction as a marker of successful aging and as evidence of 'living a good life' by presenting queer feminist performance-based practices that centre my nonreproductive body as site for art production, presentation, and consumption.

The Long Shadow of Fatalism: a Philosophical Speculation on Forster's "the Machine Stops" (1909) on the Disintegration of Technologically Advanced Societies Back Then and Today.

EM Forster's short story "The Machine Stops" from 1909 is widely reread and discussed again for some ten years as it portrays a science-fiction world resting on similar technological advancements as today in the digital era. Also management literature reviewed the short story with regard to centralized decision making, rationality and totalitarianism. I argue instead, that the main theme of the short story is - in Forster's own words - the closing of a civilization in times of transition and facing major challenges. I built the argument by original quotes from Forster and by portraying the years 1906-9, when Forster developed the short story. This era before the Great War starting in 1914 was characterized by euphoric 'futurism' based on groundbreaking innovations like 'long distance messaging', 'penny post', 'animated films', Ford's assembly line, 'Olivetti typewriter', 'feature film', 'large ships' and 'air transportation' - the ingredients of the short story as I argue. At the same time these acquitted years were characterized by increasing disintegration, instability, rebellions and a financial crisis with bailout programs. Based on the analogy and as part of speculative philosophy I reconstruct the current great challenges with Forster' shadow of fatalism and arrive at the urgency to put more effort in addressing and researching pathways out of the crisis and towards stabilization of business and society.

Medical Leadership: A Manifesto for Radiologists.

Leadership is much discussed but also often misunderstood. For radiologists, leadership may seem irrelevant or, even worse, an onerous addition to their busy careers. It is important that radiologists understand the relevance and importance of good leadership for the success of departments and groups. There are many obstacles to radiologists becoming effective leaders, including personal resistance that is due to myths and misunderstandings, the time and effort (and money) required to learn to lead well, as well as others including the shift in perspective that comes from focusing on organizational success rather than individual career success. This manifesto will explore the what, the why, and the how of becoming a leader in radiology and why it is critical for individuals, their organizations, academic departments, private practice groups, and others, as well as the larger house of radiology.

Unifying the Silos of Subspecialized Radiology: The Essential Role of the General Radiologist.

As radiology becomes increasingly subspecialized, conversations focus on whether the general radiologist is trending toward extinction. Current data indicate that the vast majority of graduating radiology residents now seek fellowship training. Practicing entirely within the narrow confines of one's fellowship subspecialty area, however, is uncommon, with recent data indicating that more than half of all radiologists spend the majority of their work effort as generalists. From the traditional concept of the generalist as the non-fellowship-trained radiologist who interprets everything to the multispecialty-trained radiologist to the emergency radiologist who is a subspecialist but reads across the traditional anatomic divisions, the general radiologist of today and the future is one who remains broadly skilled and equipped to provide a wide spectrum of radiologic services. The successful future of many practices of all types and the specialty as a whole will require ongoing collaborative partnerships that include both general and subspecialized radiologists. This review article highlights various scenarios in which general radiologists provide value to different types of radiology practices.

Strategic thinking and its related factors in a medical science university in Iran.

BACKGROUND: Having strategic thinking is necessary in order to anticipate future changes and make strategic decisions. This study was carried out to assess the strategic thinking level in managers and personnel of Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Science (AJUMS) - a public university in Iran. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional and analytical study and all managers (50) as well as a sample of personnel (200) from AJUMS participated in it. A researcher-made questionnaire was used in order to measure four dimensions of strategic thinking, including system thinking, futurism, conceptual thinking, and intelligent opportunism along with demographic and organizational characteristics of respondents. Statistical analysis was done by Freedman ranking test, one-way ANOVA, and Independent-samples t-test in SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: Strategic thinking in managers (5.62±0.51) and personnel (5.22±0.4), was evaluated at a somewhat high level. The maximum score among strategic thinking dimensions in managers (5.62±0.42) and personnel (5.52±0.43) was related to conceptual thinking that was in "good" level. A significant relationship was seen between intelligent opportunism dimension with job location in managers and education degree in personnel (p≤0.005). Also, there was a significant relationship between future dimension in managers and personnel with education degrees (p≤0.005). There was a significant difference between managers and employees in future dimension (p=0.018). CONCLUSION: It seems that the participants have acceptable strategic thinking levels, although there is still room for improvement. Therefore, considering the factors such as educational development of managers and personnel can be very useful in this regard.

2017 Annual Meeting of the American College of Radiology-Moreton Lecture: Forecasting the Futures of Radiology.

PURPOSE: The traditional forces of change in health care are no longer working as they did in the past. Political gridlock has destroyed Washington's ability to create sensible policy for reforming the medical marketplace, creating chaos for providers. Fortunately, chaos creates opportunity. The idea of creating one's future has never been more relevant and necessary. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Predicting-the science of extrapolating future values from historical data-is not a valid method for looking ahead when causal relationships that explained change in the past are themselves being redefined (the current situation). Forecasting-the art of estimating probabilities of possibilities-is the appropriate method for anticipating futures when causality is being redefined. With its focus on identifying a range of possibilities, forecasting identifies many different outcomes that are simultaneously possible for radiology. RESULTS: Health care's new climate is being shaped by four defining trends: 1) revolution in biological science that is shifting caregivers' mission from acute care to disease management; 2) proliferation of information and communications technologies that are transforming the way care is delivered; 3) end of economic growth in the medical marketplace that is reshaping demand for care; and 4) political dysfunction that forces caregivers and their business partners to develop successful futures on their own. CONCLUSIONS: Radiology 3.0 is nicely aligned with the transformational trends. Staying focused on implementing Radiology 3.0 is supported as the optimal strategy for creating the profession's futures. Diagnostic convergence, establishing a unified diagnostic science with laboratory medicine, is proposed as a complementary initiative.

Quando a manhã luminosa / When the bright morning

Ambientado em um tempo futuro, onde o humano e o tecnológico se fundem, o conto traz complexos desdobramentos de questões próprias da condição humana, a relação com a finitude e os vínculos interpessoais

Set in a future time, where the human and the technological merge, the tale brings complex unfoldings of issues specific to the human condition, the relationship with finitude and interpersonal bonds

Ambientado en un tiempo futuro, donde lo humano y lo tecnológico se fusionan, el relato trae complejos desdoblamientos de cuestiones propias de la condición humana, la relación con la finitud y los lazos interpersonales

Futurist Art: Motion and Aesthetics As a Function of Title.

Very often the titles of Futurist paintings contain words denoting movement in order to satisfy their artistic poetic focused on motion and velocity. The aim of the present study is to investigate the reported dynamism and aesthetic quality of several Futurist artworks as a function of their title. Ten Futurist artworks with a movement-related word in the title were selected for this study. The titles were manipulated, resulting in four conditions for each painting: the "original title" with the movement word; an "increased" title in which an adjective was added in order to intensify the sense of dynamism; a "decreased" title, in which the movement word was eliminated; no title. Participants evaluated the movement suggested by each painting in the four different title conditions, rated their beauty and reported how much they liked the work. Results showed that the manipulation of the title had an effect on the reported movement: compared to the others, paintings presented with the "original" and with the "increased" title received significant higher movement scores. Of interest, beauty did not differ across conditions, but liking was higher for the conditions with more movement. Lastly, positive correlations between the quantity of perceived movement and aesthetic evaluation were found. From the present results it can be concluded that Futurists attributed much relevance to the titles of their artworks in order to effectively increase the expression of the movement represented.