Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent psychological abuse, neglect in Western China a multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: The western region of China has a dense population, relatively underdeveloped economy, and a significant number of left-behind children. Currently, the prevalence of adolescent psychological abuse, neglect, and the factors associated with these issues in the region remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the current status of adolescent psychological abuse and neglect and its associated factors in this region.Methods: Data were collected from 50 schools in western China through cluster sampling to target adolescents aged 12 to 18. A comprehensive survey form was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics of adolescents. The Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale was employed to assess the current psychological abuse and neglect of adolescents. Independent samples t-tests were used for inter-group comparisons. A Directed Acyclic Graph was constructed for controlling confounding variables. Subsequently, binary logistic regression analysis was performed, and a nomogram risk factors model was developed using R Studio.Results: This study included 12,743 teenagers, with an average age of 15.53(±1.39) years. Among them, 4,965 individuals, accounting for 39.0%, reported experiences of psychological abuse, while 4,167 individuals, accounting for 32.7%, reported experiences of neglect. The rates of psychological abuse and neglect in adolescents are influenced by gender, grade, left-behind experience, parental marital status, and living on campus (P < .05).Conclusion: Adolescents in western China exhibit higher rates of psychological abuse and neglect compared to those in the eastern and northern regions of China. Gender, grade, left-behind experience, and family factors significantly influence the psychological abuse and neglect of adolescents.

This study is the first large-scale, multi-centre, cross-sectional analysis of psychological abuse and neglect among youth in Western China, a region with relatively underdeveloped economic and social conditions.This article fills in the gap in the region's research on psychological abuse and neglect by addressing the issues of small sample size, limited coverage, and a lack of variables included.This provides a crucial theoretical foundation for enhancing the mental well-being of youth in this region and preventing psychological and mental illnesses among youth.

[Screening of different metabolites in teenage football players after exercise fatigue].

Objective: To investigate the changes of metabolites of teenage football players after exercise-induced fatigue. Methods: Twelve male teenage football players (14～16 yrs) were selected as experimental subjects in this study. And an exercise model including aerobic and anaerobic exercise as one group exercise was established by using power bicycle: completion 6 min 150 W load, 60～65 r/min of riding exercise and 30 s of riding exercise which load was the maximum speed set by the tester's weight. The rest took 1 min in the middle of one group exercise, and repeat 3 times of one group exercise, then rest for 3 min after one group exercise. The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and average anaerobic power were measured after each group exercise. Their urine samples were collected before and after the whole exercise model, and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to detect the differential metabolites. Results: The teenage football players had a significant decrease in anaerobic capacity after fatigue. Compared with pre-exercise, a total of 25 differential metabolites were screened out, of which 3 metabolites were significantly higher and 22 metabolites were markedly lower. The related metabolic pathways of above differential metabolites were classified as glycine-serine-threonine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, tyrosine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism, respectively. Conclusion: After exercise-induced fatigue occurs in teenage football players, the body's metabolites: sarcosine, L-allothreonine, creatine, serine, succinic acid, citric acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxylamine, and ethanolamine produce significant changes. The above-mentioned differential metabolites can be used as indicators for teenage football players' exercise-induced fatigue evaluation.